Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry of Pyrroles

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 11241

Special Issue Editor

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and drug Technology \"Sapienza\", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: drug design; synthesis of new potential bioactive compounds in the field of anticancer, antiviral and antiparasitic agents; structure–activity relationship study; organic synthesis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pyrrole is a heterocyclic ring widespread in biologically active natural products and synthetic molecules. Pyrrole-based compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of bioactivity making such heterocyclic core a privileged scaffold and a versatile pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry. Due to their biological potential, pyrroles have gained great attention and they have been successfully used in the development of new derivatives. Some drugs containing pyrrole moiety are already available on the market while the rest are under clinical trials.

In this Special Issue, authors are invited to submit original research articles, reviews, and short communications exploring recent advances in pyrrole-based medicinal chemistry. Topics of interest include but are not limited to antiviral, anticancer, antiprotozoal, antitubercular, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibiting activities.

Dr. Antonella Messore
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • pyrrole heterocycles
  • N-substituted pyrrole
  • natural pyrrole derivatives
  • synthetic pyrroles
  • bioactive pyrroles.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2158 KiB  
Article
Anti-Tumoral Effects of a (1H-Pyrrol-1-yl)Methyl-1H-Benzoimidazole Carbamate Ester Derivative on Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines
by Alice Nicolai, Valentina Noemi Madia, Antonella Messore, Daniela De Vita, Alessandro De Leo, Davide Ialongo, Valeria Tudino, Elisabetta Tortorella, Luigi Scipione, Samanta Taurone, Tiziano Pergolizzi, Marco Artico, Roberto Di Santo, Roberta Costi and Susanna Scarpa
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(6), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060564 - 12 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2635
Abstract
Nocodazole is an antineoplastic agent that exerts its effects by depolymerizing microtubules. Herein we report a structural analog of nocodazole, a (1H-pyrrol-1-yl)methyl-1H-benzoimidazole carbamate ester derivative, named RDS 60. We evaluated the antineoplastic properties of RDS 60 in two human [...] Read more.
Nocodazole is an antineoplastic agent that exerts its effects by depolymerizing microtubules. Herein we report a structural analog of nocodazole, a (1H-pyrrol-1-yl)methyl-1H-benzoimidazole carbamate ester derivative, named RDS 60. We evaluated the antineoplastic properties of RDS 60 in two human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and we found that this compound significantly inhibited replication of both HNSCC cell lines without inducing any important cytotoxic effect on human dermal fibroblasts and human keratinocytes. The treatment of HNSCC cell lines with 1 μM RDS 60 for 24 h stopped development of normal bipolar mitotic spindles and, at the same time, blocked the cell cycle in G2/M phase together with cytoplasmic accumulation of cyclin B1. Consequently, treatment with 2 μM RDS 60 for 24 h induced the activation of apoptosis in both HNSCC cell lines. Additionally, RDS 60 was able to reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and to inhibit cell migration and extracellular matrix infiltration of both HNSCC cell lines. The reported results demonstrate that this compound has a potent effect in blocking cell cycle, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell motility and stromal invasion of HNSCC cell lines. Therefore, the ability of RDS 60 to attenuate the malignancy of tumor cells suggests its potential role as an interesting and powerful tool for new approaches in treating HNSCC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry of Pyrroles)
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Review

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18 pages, 5960 KiB  
Review
Pyrroles as Privileged Scaffolds in the Search for New Potential HIV Inhibitors
by Maria da Conceição Avelino Dias Bianco, Debora Inacio Leite Firmino Marinho, Lucas Villas Boas Hoelz, Monica Macedo Bastos and Nubia Boechat
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(9), 893; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14090893 - 02 Sep 2021
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 3098
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and remains a global health problem four decades after the report of its first case. Despite success in viral load suppression and the increase in patient survival due to combined antiretroviral therapy [...] Read more.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and remains a global health problem four decades after the report of its first case. Despite success in viral load suppression and the increase in patient survival due to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the development of new drugs has become imperative due to strains that have become resistant to antiretrovirals. In this context, there has been a continuous search for new anti-HIV agents based on several chemical scaffolds, including nitrogenated heterocyclic pyrrole rings, which have been included in several compounds with antiretroviral activity. Thus, this review aims to describe pyrrole-based compounds with anti-HIV activity as a new potential treatment against AIDS, covering the period between 2015 and 2020. Our research allowed us to conclude that pyrrole derivatives are still worth exploring, as they may provide highly active compounds targeting different steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle and act with an innovative mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry of Pyrroles)
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25 pages, 6465 KiB  
Review
An Overview of the Biological Activity of Pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine Derivatives
by Anna Wójcicka and Aleksandra Redzicka
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(4), 354; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040354 - 11 Apr 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3515
Abstract
Pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine is one of the six structural isomers of the bicyclic ring system containing a pyrrole moiety fused to a pyridine nucleus. The broad spectrum of pharmacological properties of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine derivatives is the main reason for developing new compounds [...] Read more.
Pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine is one of the six structural isomers of the bicyclic ring system containing a pyrrole moiety fused to a pyridine nucleus. The broad spectrum of pharmacological properties of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine derivatives is the main reason for developing new compounds containing this scaffold. This review presents studies on the biological activity of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridines that have been reported in the scientific literature. Most of these derivatives have been studied as analgesic and sedative agents. Biological investigations have shown that pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridines can be used to treat diseases of the nervous and immune systems. Their antidiabetic, antimycobacterial, antiviral, and antitumor activities also have been found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry of Pyrroles)
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