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Pathogens
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Highly Prevalent Infections
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Antimicrobial Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Highly Prevalent Infections

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 7765

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tejabhiram Yadavalli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ocular Virology Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: virology; drug delivery; sustained release; antiviral; eye; genitalia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gopinath Venkatraman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Interests: nanomaterials; antibacterial; drug delivery; 3D printing and tissue engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial infections, whether bacterial or viral, can be very challenging to treat, in many cases resulting in the development of antibacterial/antiviral resistance against existing drugs. The increase in bacterial and viral resistance to standard-of-care drugs poses a serious challenge to existing treatment methodologies. In recent years, there have been multiple advances in medicinal chemistry, genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiling which have led to the development of novel therapeutics that target bacteria and viruses through novel modes of action previously unknown to humankind. Hence, in this Special Issue we plan to publish novel antimicrobials which show activity against resistant strains of bacteria and viruses, essentially working through previously under-appreciated modes of action. We are welcoming high-quality reviews and original research articles which address the present scenario of antimicrobial therapy against pharmaceutically important bacterial pathogens.

Dr. Tejabhiram Yadavalli
Dr. Gopinath Venkatraman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • drug delivery
  • antiviral resistance
  • antibacterial resistance and mechanism of action

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

34 pages, 7584 KiB  
Review
Antifungal Compounds from Microbial Symbionts Associated with Aquatic Animals and Cellular Targets: A Review
by Madeleine Nina Love Ngo-Mback, Elisabeth Zeuko’o Menkem and Heather G. Marco
Pathogens 2023, 12(4), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040617 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1485
Abstract
Fungal infections continue to be a serious public health problem, leading to an estimated 1.6 million deaths annually. It remains a major cause of mortality for people with a weak or affected immune system, such as those suffering from cancer under aggressive chemotherapies. [...] Read more.
Fungal infections continue to be a serious public health problem, leading to an estimated 1.6 million deaths annually. It remains a major cause of mortality for people with a weak or affected immune system, such as those suffering from cancer under aggressive chemotherapies. On the other hand, pathogenic fungi are counted among the most destructive factors affecting crops, causing a third of all food crop losses annually and critically affecting the worldwide economy and food security. However, the limited number currently available and the cytotoxicity of the conventional antifungal drugs, which are not yet properly diversified in terms of mode of action, in addition to resistance phenomena, make the search for new antifungals imperative to improve both human health and food protection. Symbiosis has been a crucial alternative for drug discovery, through which many antimicrobials have been discovered. This review highlights some antifungal models of a defensive symbiosis of microbial symbiont natural products derived from interacting with aquatic animals as one of the best opportunities. Some recorded compounds with supposed novel cell targets such as apoptosis could lead to the development of a multitherapy involving the mutual treatment of fungal infections and other metabolic diseases involving apoptosis in their pathogenesis pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Highly Prevalent Infections)
35 pages, 894 KiB  
Review
Exploring Possible Ways to Enhance the Potential and Use of Natural Products through Nanotechnology in the Battle against Biofilms of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
by Kannappan Arunachalam, Ganesh Prasath Krishnan, Sathya Sethuraman, Sybiya Vasantha Packiavathy Issac Abraham, Swetha Thirukannamangai Krishnan, Aakanksha Venkateswar, Jagadeesan Arunkumar, Chunlei Shi and Davoodbasha MubarakAli
Pathogens 2023, 12(2), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020270 - 07 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2690
Abstract
Biofilms enable pathogenic bacteria to survive in unfavorable environments. As biofilm-forming pathogens can cause rapid food spoilage and recurrent infections in humans, especially their presence in the food industry is problematic. Using chemical disinfectants in the food industry to prevent biofilm formation raises [...] Read more.
Biofilms enable pathogenic bacteria to survive in unfavorable environments. As biofilm-forming pathogens can cause rapid food spoilage and recurrent infections in humans, especially their presence in the food industry is problematic. Using chemical disinfectants in the food industry to prevent biofilm formation raises serious health concerns. Further, the ability of biofilm-forming bacterial pathogens to tolerate disinfection procedures questions the traditional treatment methods. Thus, there is a dire need for alternative treatment options targeting bacterial pathogens, especially biofilms. As clean-label products without carcinogenic and hazardous potential, natural compounds with growth and biofilm-inhibiting and biofilm-eradicating potentials have gained popularity as natural preservatives in the food industry. However, the use of these natural preservatives in the food industry is restricted by their poor availability, stability during food processing and storage. Also there is a lack of standardization, and unattractive organoleptic qualities. Nanotechnology is one way to get around these limitations and as well as the use of underutilized bioactives. The use of nanotechnology has several advantages including traversing the biofilm matrix, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability, bioactivity, and stability. The nanoparticles used in fabricating or encapsulating natural products are considered as an appealing antibiofilm strategy since the nanoparticles enhance the activity of the natural products against biofilms of foodborne bacterial pathogens. Hence, this literature review is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current methods in nanotechnology used for natural products delivery (biofabrication, encapsulation, and nanoemulsion) and also discuss the different promising strategies employed in the recent and past to enhance the inhibition and eradication of foodborne bacterial biofilms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Highly Prevalent Infections)
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22 pages, 838 KiB  
Review
Effective Therapeutic Options for Melioidosis: Antibiotics versus Phage Therapy
by Yue-Min Lim, Jamuna Vadivelu, Vanitha Mariappan, Gopinath Venkatraman and Kumutha Malar Vellasamy
Pathogens 2023, 12(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010011 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3008
Abstract
Melioidosis, also known as Whitmore’s disease, is a potentially fatal infection caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei with a mortality rate of 10–50%. The condition is a “glanders-like” illness prevalent in Southeast Asian and Northern Australian regions and can affect humans, animals, [...] Read more.
Melioidosis, also known as Whitmore’s disease, is a potentially fatal infection caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei with a mortality rate of 10–50%. The condition is a “glanders-like” illness prevalent in Southeast Asian and Northern Australian regions and can affect humans, animals, and sometimes plants. Melioidosis received the epithet “the great mimicker” owing to its vast spectrum of non-specific clinical manifestations, such as localised abscesses, septicaemia, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and encephalomyelitis, which often lead to misdiagnosis and ineffective treatment. To date, antibiotics remain the backbone of melioidosis treatment, which includes intravenous therapy with ceftazidime or meropenem, followed by oral therapy with TMP-SMX or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and supported by adjunctive treatment. However, bacteria have developed resistance to a series of antibiotics, including clinically significant ones, during treatment. Therefore, phage therapy has gained unprecedented interest and has been proposed as an alternative treatment. Although no effective phage therapy has been published, the findings of experimental phage therapies suggest that the concept could be feasible. This article reviews the benefits and limitations of antibiotics and phage therapy in terms of established regimens, bacterial resistance, host specificity, and biofilm degradation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Highly Prevalent Infections)
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