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Pathogens
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Current Vaccine Strategies and Novel Vaccine Development for Bluetongue Virus...
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Current Vaccine Strategies and Novel Vaccine Development for Bluetongue Virus and Other Orbiviruses

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines and Therapeutic Developments".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 1909

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Peter Mertens

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
One Virology, The Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
Interests: double stranded RNA viruses; bluetongue virus; orbiviruses; arboviruses; arthropod vector; mammalian hosts; innate immunity; structural biology; vaccines; genomics; virus taxonomy; virus identification technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Houssam Attoui

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, Department of Animal Health, UMR1161 Virologie, INRAE-Anses-ENVA, 94700 Maisons-Alort, France
Interests: arboviruses; arthropod vectors; mammalian hosts; innate immunity; orbiviruses; vaccines; virus genetics and reverse genetic; structural biology; genomics; bluetongue virus; virus taxonomy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sushila Maan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Haryana 125001, India
Interests: animal biotechnology; molecular virology; molecular epidemiology; microbial biotechnology; virus genetics; microbial genomic and proteomics (microbial biotechnology) and vaccinology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Livestock diseases of major economic importance can be caused by orbiviruses, including bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in ruminants, and African horse sickness in equids. These arboviruses, which exist as multiple distinct serotypes, can be transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. Bluetongue is endemic in many regions around the world and in recent decades, it has caused severe disease outbreaks (including fatalities and teratogenic effects) both in endemic regions and after emergence in new areas (including Europe), which are possibly related to the effects of climate change on arthopod vector distribution and activity. Outbreak regions, which clearly contain Culicoides vector species, may also be at risk of incursions by African horse sickness, epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses and other orbiviruses. Outbreaks of bluetongue and African horse sickness have been successfully controlled by vaccination with live attenuated or inactivated vaccines, although protection is primarily serotype-specific.

The scope of this Special Issue of Pathogens includes interdisciplinary research concerning the immune responses to orbivirus infections and vaccines, helping to support the development of more effective, long-lasting, cross-serotype protection, using attenuated, genetically modified, inactivated or sub-unit vaccines. It will also consider review articles that summarize state-of-the-art information, providing further insights into the current and future threats and the importance and effectiveness of appropriate vaccines and vaccination strategies (along with assays to distiguish infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA)).

Prof. Dr. Peter Mertens
Dr. Houssam Attoui
Prof. Dr. Sushila Maan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • orbivirus
  • bluetongue virus
  • African horse sickness virus
  • epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus
  • innate immunity
  • vaccine
  • vaccination strategies
  • sub-unit vaccines
  • vectored vaccines
  • inactivated vaccines
  • modified live vaccines
  • attenuated vaccines
  • cross-serotype vaccines
  • cytotoxic T cells
  • neutralizing antibodies

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 2130 KiB  
Article
Increased Clinical Signs and Mortality in IFNAR(−/−) Mice Immunised with the Bluetongue Virus Outer-Capsid Proteins VP2 or VP5, after Challenge with an Attenuated Heterologous Serotype
by Houssam Attoui, Fauziah Mohd Jaafar, Baptiste Monsion, Bernard Klonjkowski, Elizabeth Reid, Petra C. Fay, Keith Saunders, George Lomonossoff, David Haig and Peter P. C. Mertens
Pathogens 2023, 12(4), 602; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040602 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1572
Abstract
Bluetongue is an economically important disease of domesticated and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV). There are at least 36 different serotypes of BTV (the identity of which is determined by its outer-capsid protein VP2), most of which are transmitted by Culicoides [...] Read more.
Bluetongue is an economically important disease of domesticated and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV). There are at least 36 different serotypes of BTV (the identity of which is determined by its outer-capsid protein VP2), most of which are transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. IFNAR(−/−) mice immunised with plant-expressed outer-capsid protein VP2 (rVP2) of BTV serotypes -1, -4 or -8, or the smaller outer-capsid protein rVP5 of BTV-10, or mock-immunised with PBS, were subsequently challenged with virulent strains of BTV-4 or BTV-8, or with an attenuated clone of BTV-1 (BTV-1RGC7). The mice that had received rVP2 generated a protective immune response against the homologous BTV serotype, reducing viraemia (as detected by qRT-PCR), the severity of clinical signs and mortality levels. No cross-serotype protection was observed after challenge with the heterologous BTV serotypes. However, the severity of clinical signs, viraemia and fatality levels after challenge with the attenuated strain of BTV-1 were all increased in mice immunised with rVP2 of BTV-4 and BTV-8, or with rVP5 of BTV10. The possibility is discussed that non-neutralising antibodies, reflecting serological relationships between the outer-capsid proteins of these different BTV serotypes, could lead to ‘antibody-dependent enhancement of infection’ (ADE). Such interactions could affect the epidemiology and emergence of different BTV strains in the field and would therefore be relevant to the design and implementation of vaccination campaigns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Vaccine Strategies and Novel Vaccine Development for Bluetongue Virus and Other Orbiviruses)
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