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Nutrients
Special Issues
Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health
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Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 June 2024 | Viewed by 3770

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristiana Berti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SC Pediatria Immunoreumatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Interests: pediatric populations; feeding practices; eating behaviour; human nutrition; micronutrients

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutrition early in life, i.e., before and during pregnancy, lactation, and infancy, is recognized to be crucial for the immediate and long-lasting health and well-being of the mother–infant pair. Indeed, a continuum exists from a woman of childbearing-age to her baby both in the life cycle context and from a nutritional point of view throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding. Thus, the interactions between pre- and post-natal environmental nutrition may ultimately determine the offspring’s growth trajectories and development, i.e., the health and disease of future generations.

This Special Issue, entitled “Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health”, focuses on the importance of nutrition (food/dietary intake and habits, supplementation, nutrient status and weight) from the preconception period to early infancy. Recent high-quality studies will be gathered about maternal nutrition and its effect on pregnancy; maternal, birth and neonatal outcomes; lactation; infant nutrition, growth, development, and health outcomes. Original articles or reviews will be included.

Dr. Cristiana Berti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • early nutrition
  • maternal nutrition
  • infant nutrition
  • offspring outcomes
  • lactation
  • importance of nutrition

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 561 KiB  
Article
Bean Consumption during Childhood Is Associated with Improved Nutritional Outcomes in the First Two Years of Life
by Divya Choudhary, Todd C. Rideout, Amy E. Millen and Xiaozhong Wen
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081120 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 470
Abstract
Bean consumption during childhood may play a role in promoting early-life health given their high nutritional quality. To examine the associations of children’s bean consumption with the socio-demographic characteristics of the child and mother and the child’s nutrient intake, we analyzed data from [...] Read more.
Bean consumption during childhood may play a role in promoting early-life health given their high nutritional quality. To examine the associations of children’s bean consumption with the socio-demographic characteristics of the child and mother and the child’s nutrient intake, we analyzed data from the WIC-ITFPS-2, which followed children and their mothers at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, and 24 months (m) following birth. Caregivers (mostly mothers) responded to an interview-administered 24 h recall on their child’s dietary intake at each time point. The intake of dried beans, chili, yellow beans, and lima beans was quantified. Correlate measures included socio-demographic characteristics. Outcome measures of interest focused on the intake of macronutrients (grams and % kcals) and micronutrients at 11 (infancy) and 24 m (toddler) only. To ensure statistical power, we only examined the associations of dried beans and chili with socio-demographics (Chi-square tests) and nutritional outcomes (ANOVA) at 11 and 24 m. The proportion of children who consumed dried beans or chili was very low in the first 6 m of age, started to increase at 7 m (1.2% and 0.4%) and 11 m (4.9% and 2.3%), and reached a high level at 18 m (10.5%) and 24 m (5.9%), respectively. Consumption of yellow or lima beans was rare (<0.1%). At 11 and 24 m, dried bean consumption was higher in children who were White (vs. Black). Dried bean and chili consumption was higher in children who were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (vs. non-Hispanic or non-Latino ethnicity). Children who consumed dried beans and chili at 11 or 24 m had a higher intake of total energy, protein, total fiber, potassium, folate, and magnesium compared with non-consumers. The bean consumption was low amongst children, differed by race and ethnicity, and was associated with improved macro- and micronutrient intake in children at 11 and 24 m. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health)
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19 pages, 4318 KiB  
Article
Utilization of Biopolymer-Based Lutein Emulsion as an Effective Delivery System to Improve Lutein Bioavailability in Neonatal Rats
by Yanqi Zhang, Lingyan Kong, Jeannine C. Lawrence and Libo Tan
Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030422 - 31 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 813
Abstract
Newborns’ eyes and brains are prone to oxidative stress. Lutein has antioxidant properties and is the main component of macular pigment essential for protecting the retina, but has low bioavailability, thereby limiting its potential as a nutritional supplement. Oil-in-water emulsions have been used [...] Read more.
Newborns’ eyes and brains are prone to oxidative stress. Lutein has antioxidant properties and is the main component of macular pigment essential for protecting the retina, but has low bioavailability, thereby limiting its potential as a nutritional supplement. Oil-in-water emulsions have been used as lutein delivery systems. In particular, octenylsuccinated (OS) starch is a biopolymer-derived emulsifier safe to use in infant foods, while exhibiting superior emulsifying capacity. This study determined the effects of an OS starch-stabilized lutein emulsion on lutein bioavailability in Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats. In an acute study, 10-day-old pups received a single oral dose of free lutein or lutein emulsion, with subsequent blood sampling over 24 h to analyze pharmacokinetics. The lutein emulsion group had a 2.12- and 1.91-fold higher maximum serum lutein concentration and area under the curve, respectively, compared to the free lutein group. In two daily dosing studies, oral lutein was given from postnatal day 5 to 18. Blood and tissue lutein concentrations were measured. The results indicated that the daily intake of lutein emulsion led to a higher lutein concentration in circulation and key tissues compared to free lutein. The OS starch-stabilized emulsion could be an effective and safe lutein delivery system for newborns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health)
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15 pages, 3156 KiB  
Article
Composition of Microbiota in Transient and Mature Human Milk: Significant Changes in Large for Gestational Age Group
by Meltem Dinleyici, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Sertac Arslanoglu, Ozge Aydemir, Sibel Sevuk Ozumut, Neslihan Tekin, Yvan Vandenplas, Andrés Moya and Ener Cagri Dinleyici
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020208 - 09 Jan 2024
Viewed by 991
Abstract
The composition of the human milk (HM) microbiota and, consequently, the microorganisms that are passed on to the infant through breastfeeding, can be influenced by various factors such as the mother’s health and diet, gestational age, delivery mode, lactation stage, method of infant [...] Read more.
The composition of the human milk (HM) microbiota and, consequently, the microorganisms that are passed on to the infant through breastfeeding, can be influenced by various factors such as the mother’s health and diet, gestational age, delivery mode, lactation stage, method of infant feeding, and geographical location. The aim of the Human Milk-Gest Study was to compare the microbiota of transient (postpartum 7–15 days) and mature HM (postpartum 45–90 days) of 44 mothers, and to investigate any potential changes associated with preterm birth, mode of delivery, and birth weight in relation to gestational age. The data were classified into five study groups: normal spontaneous delivery-term (NS-T) newborns, cesarean delivery-term (CS-T) newborns, preterm (PT) newborns (with a gestational age of less than 37 weeks), small for gestational age (SGA) newborns, and large for gestational age (LGA) newborns. An analysis of differential abundance was conducted using ANCOM-BC to compare the microbial genera between transient and mature HM samples as well as between other study groups. A significant difference was detected between HM samples at different sampling times and between the study groups (p < 0.01). In transient HM samples, Ralstonia, Burkholderiaceae_uc, and Pelomonas were significantly dominant in the LGA group compared to the NS-T, CS-T, PT, and SGA groups. In mature HM samples, Burkholderiaceae_uc, Ralstonia, Pelomonas, and Klebsiella were significantly dominant in the LGA group compared to the NS-T, CS-T, and PT groups, while Ralstonia, Burkholderiaceae_uc, and Pelomonas were significantly dominant in the LGA group compared to the SGA group. Differences were also detected between the transient and mature HM samples in the CS-T, PT, SGA, and LGA groups, but no differences occurred in the NS-T groups. In conclusion, we showed that Ralstonia, Burkholderiaceae_uc, and Pelomonas were significantly dominant in the LGA group in transient HM and continued in mature HM. The body mass index (BMI) of the mothers in the LGA group was not >30 at conception, however, the maternal BMI at birth and maternal weight gain during pregnancy were higher than in the other groups. The nutritional composition of HM is specifically designed to meet infant nutritional requirements during early life. Evaluating the effects of HM microbiota on infant microbiota composition and short- and long-term health effects in larger studies would be useful. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health)
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14 pages, 2394 KiB  
Article
Maternal Weight Intervention in the Perinatal Period Improves Liver Health in the Offspring of Mothers with Obesity
by Amanda R. Purcell, Natassia Rodrigo, Qinghua Cao, Olivia Joseph, Anthony J. Gill, Sonia Saad, Carol A. Pollock and Sarah J. Glastras
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010109 - 28 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 953
Abstract
Early-life exposure to maternal obesity predisposes offspring to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to determine if peripartum weight loss, either through dietary intervention or pharmacological intervention, improved adverse liver health outcomes in the offspring of mothers with obesity. C57Bl/6 dams [...] Read more.
Early-life exposure to maternal obesity predisposes offspring to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to determine if peripartum weight loss, either through dietary intervention or pharmacological intervention, improved adverse liver health outcomes in the offspring of mothers with obesity. C57Bl/6 dams were fed a chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. HFD-fed mice either continued HFD, transitioned to a chow diet, or were administered liraglutide for 4 weeks. Pregnancy was induced following a one-week washout of liraglutide during which all animals remained on their respective diets. A proportion of HFD-fed mice transitioned to a chow diet during pregnancy. All offspring were weaned to the HFD. Offspring anthropometric, metabolic, and hepatic outcomes were assessed at postnatal week 12. The offspring of mothers with obesity had phenotypic changes consistent with MAFLD. The offspring of mothers that had weight loss with perinatal dietary intervention had reduced insulin resistance (p < 0.001) and hepatic expression of markers of inflammation (p < 0.001), oxidative stress (p < 0.05), and fibrosis (p < 0.05). A similar phenotype was observed in the offspring of mothers with pre-pregnancy weight loss via liraglutide despite ongoing consumption of the HFD during pregnancy. All methods and timing of maternal weight intervention were effective at ameliorating adverse liver effects in the offspring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimum Nutrition for Maternal and Infant Health)
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