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Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Chronic Diseases in Children

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 August 2023) | Viewed by 2374

Special Issue Editors

Department of Pediatric Allergology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Interests: enteral nutrition; gastroesophageal reflux disease; inflammatory bowel disease
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-803 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: pediatrics; gastroenterology; hepatology; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Patients with chronic diseases, in whom energy and nutritional needs cannot be met through regular food intake, can be successfully treated with enteral/parenteral nutrition. The prevalence of home enteral and parenteral nutrition programs is increasing rapidly around the world, in children as in adults. The main advantages of enteral over parenteral nutrition include the preservation of gastrointestinal function, safety, manageability and cost. Children with chronic diseases are a nutritionally vulnerable population, where the consequences of malnutrition are more pronounced and may affect mental health/cognitive development. Enteral/parenteral nutrition is an option in the treatment of children with chronic diseases, such as inborn errors of metabolism, severe central nervous system impairment, cancer and various chronic gastrointestinal disorders, such as short bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, severe GI motility disorders, etc.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions of both original research articles and review articles.

Dr. Ewa Toporowska-Kowalska
Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • enteral nutrition
  • parenteral nutrition
  • chronic diseases in children
  • chronic malnutrition
  • gastrointestinal disease

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 438 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Vitamin K2 Supplementation on PIVKA-II Levels in Patients with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities Undergoing Long-Term Tube Feeding
by Hiromitsu Ohmori, Akihiko Kato, Yuka Shirai, Reiji Fukano, Akiko Nagae, Masami Yamasaki, Junko Komenaka, Eiji Imamura, Masao Kumode and Takafumi Miyachi
Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4525; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214525 - 25 Oct 2023
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Abstract
Nutritional support is essential for patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) to ensure the smooth provision of medical care. These patients often require long-term tube feeding with enteral formulas, potentially leading to deficiencies in vitamins and trace elements. Additionally, frequent antibiotic [...] Read more.
Nutritional support is essential for patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) to ensure the smooth provision of medical care. These patients often require long-term tube feeding with enteral formulas, potentially leading to deficiencies in vitamins and trace elements. Additionally, frequent antibiotic use for infections often disrupts gut microbiota, inhibiting vitamin K2 production by intestinal bacteria. We assessed the serum protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonists-II (PIVKA-II) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) levels to assess the vitamin K status in 20 patients with SMID (median age: 44.1 years, 11 men and 9 women) undergoing long-term tube feeding for durations ranging from 3 to 31 years. Thirteen (65%) and nine (45%) patients had elevated PIVKA-II (<40 mAU/mL) and serum ucOC levels (reference value < 4.50 ng/mL), respectively. Dietary vitamin K1 intake did not differ between patients with and without elevated PIVKA-II levels. Vitamin K2 supplementation for 3 months decreased serum PIVKA-II levels near those within the reference range. Approximately half of the patients with SMID on tube feeding had subclinical vitamin K deficiency. Further studies are needed to ascertain if long-term vitamin K2 supplementation effectively prevents vitamin K deficiency-induced hypercoagulation, osteoporosis, and vascular calcification in patients with SMID. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Chronic Diseases in Children)
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11 pages, 292 KiB  
Article
Unexpected Serum and Urine Aluminum Concentrations in Pediatric Patients on Home Parenteral Nutrition
by Hanna Romanowska, Klaudia Bartoszewicz, Mikołaj Danko, Joanna Wielopolska, Katarzyna Popińska, Joanna Żydak, Marta Sibilska, Anna Borkowska, Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz and Janusz Książyk
Nutrients 2023, 15(16), 3597; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163597 - 17 Aug 2023
Viewed by 934
Abstract
The intravenous supply of aluminum (Al) present in parenteral nutrition solutions poses a high risk of the absorption of this element, which can result in metabolic bone disease, anemia, and neurological complications. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of [...] Read more.
The intravenous supply of aluminum (Al) present in parenteral nutrition solutions poses a high risk of the absorption of this element, which can result in metabolic bone disease, anemia, and neurological complications. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) in children on serum Al concentration and its urinary excretion compared to healthy children. We evaluated serum Al concentrations and its urinary excretion in patients enrolled in the Polish home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program between 2004 and 2022. The study group included 83 patients and the control group consisted of 121 healthy children. In children whose PN was started in the neonatal period, we found higher serum Al concentrations and higher urinary Al excretion than in other subjects whose PN was started later. Only 12% of the children on chronic parenteral nutrition had serum Al concentrations of less than 5 μg/L. Healthy children in the control group had higher serum Al concentrations than those in the parenteral nutrition group, which may indicate the influence of one’s environment and diet on Al serum levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Chronic Diseases in Children)
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