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Nutrients
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Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women
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Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition in Women".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2022) | Viewed by 23174

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Victoria J. Vieira-Potter

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Interests: adipose tissue metabolism; estrogen signaling; menopause; physical activity behavior

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Postmenopausal women represent a fast-growing segment of the population with a unique cardiometabolic risk profile and for whom there is an unmet need for preventative and therapeutic options. Among the most highly sought out non-estrogenic therapies for the prevention and management of the metabolic conditions (e.g., obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.) afflicting peri- and postmenopausal women are nutritional and dietary supplements.  However, there is a critical need to better understand their molecular mechanisms and efficacy.

Studies have repeatedly demonstrated: (A) the importance of adipocyte metabolism on cardiometabolic health and related diseases; (B) negative adipose tissue-specific effects of estrogen loss. Thus, there is a need to better understand both the mechanisms by which estrogen loss affects adipocyte and systemic metabolism, as well as the mechanisms and efficacy of potential dietary/alternative treatments designed to target adipose tissue.

This Special Issue will collate recent high-quality research in the field of adipocyte metabolism focusing on the investigation of adipocyte-specific mechanisms by which sex hormones and potential therapeutics affect immune, metabolic, and endocrine changes at the tissue (i.e., both white and brown adipose tissue-specific actions) and organismal level. Both original research articles and reviews spanning clinical and preclinical work are welcome.

Dr. Victoria J. Vieira-Potter
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Adipocyte
  • Insulin resistance
  • Menopause
  • Metabolism

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 541 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Fermented Soybean-Lettuce Powder for Improving Menopausal Symptoms
by A Lum Han, Hee Kyung Lee, Hyun Soo Chon, Hyun Ock Pae, Min Sun Kim, Yong Il Shin and Sooah Kim
Nutrients 2022, 14(14), 2878; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142878 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2074
Abstract
Menopause syndrome causes a decline in the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Hormone therapy is recommended for the treatment of menopausal syndromes. However, it has several side effects. Soybean has been safely used to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Lettuce has antidiabetic [...] Read more.
Menopause syndrome causes a decline in the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Hormone therapy is recommended for the treatment of menopausal syndromes. However, it has several side effects. Soybean has been safely used to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Lettuce has antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects and improves sleep quality. Natural nitric oxide metabolites are produced through fermentation, which increases the effectiveness of the functional substances. This study assessed the alleviation of menopausal syndrome symptoms by natural nitric oxide-containing soybean lettuce extract using the Kupperman index. This study included adult women with menopausal syndrome and a Kupperman index of ≥15. After a four-week study with 40 participants, the final analysis included 39 participants in the experimental group (n = 19) and the placebo group (n = 20). Body mass index, waist circumference, and the total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were not altered before and after treatment in both groups. There was a significant decrease in the Kupperman index after treatment in the experimental group, but no significant change was observed in the placebo group. Soybean lettuce extract alleviates menopause syndrome without any special side effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women)
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Review

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18 pages, 712 KiB  
Review
Adipocyte Metabolism and Health after the Menopause: The Role of Exercise
by Megan L. Marsh, Marta Novaes Oliveira and Victoria J. Vieira-Potter
Nutrients 2023, 15(2), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020444 - 14 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5513
Abstract
Postmenopausal women represent an important target population in need of preventative cardiometabolic approaches. The loss of estrogen following the menopause eliminates protections against metabolic dysfunction, largely due to its role in the health and function of adipose tissue. In addition, some studies associate [...] Read more.
Postmenopausal women represent an important target population in need of preventative cardiometabolic approaches. The loss of estrogen following the menopause eliminates protections against metabolic dysfunction, largely due to its role in the health and function of adipose tissue. In addition, some studies associate the menopause with reduced physical activity, which could potentially exacerbate the deleterious cardiometabolic risk profile accompanying the menopause. Meanwhile, exercise has adipocyte-specific effects that may alleviate the adverse impact of estrogen loss through the menopausal transition period and beyond. Exercise thus remains the best therapeutic agent available to mitigate menopause-associated metabolic dysfunction and represents a vital behavioral strategy to prevent and alleviate health decline in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women)
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17 pages, 607 KiB  
Review
Maximizing the Estrogenic Potential of Soy Isoflavones through the Gut Microbiome: Implication for Cardiometabolic Health in Postmenopausal Women
by Lindsay M. Leonard, Mun Sun Choi and Tzu-Wen L. Cross
Nutrients 2022, 14(3), 553; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030553 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4718
Abstract
Soy isoflavones have been suggested as an alternative treatment for managing postmenopausal symptoms and promoting long-term health due to their structural similarity to mammalian estrogen and ability to bind to estrogen receptors. Among all soy isoflavones and their metabolites, (S)-equol is [...] Read more.
Soy isoflavones have been suggested as an alternative treatment for managing postmenopausal symptoms and promoting long-term health due to their structural similarity to mammalian estrogen and ability to bind to estrogen receptors. Among all soy isoflavones and their metabolites, (S)-equol is known for having the strongest estrogenic activity. Equol is a metabolite of the soy isoflavone daidzein produced through intestinal bacterial metabolism. However, more than half of the human population is not able to produce equol due to the lack of equol-producing bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract. The interpersonal variations in the gut microbiome complicate the interpretation of data collected from humans. Furthermore, because rodents are efficient equol-producers, translatability between rodent models and humans is challenging. Herein, we first summarized the current knowledge of the microbial conversion of daidzein to equol, its relation to health, and proposed the need for developing model systems by which equol production can be manipulated while controlling other known confounding factors. Determining the necessity of equol-producing capacity within a gut microbial community when consuming soy as a functional ingredient, and identifying strategies to maximize equol production by modulating the gut microbiome, may provide future therapeutic approaches to improve the health of postmenopausal women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women)
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12 pages, 849 KiB  
Review
Energy Metabolism Changes and Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women
by Seong-Hee Ko and YunJae Jung
Nutrients 2021, 13(12), 4556; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13124556 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 73 | Viewed by 9924
Abstract
Aging women experience hormonal changes, such as decreased estrogen and increased circulating androgen, due to natural or surgical menopause. These hormonal changes make postmenopausal women vulnerable to body composition changes, muscle loss, and abdominal obesity; with a sedentary lifestyle, these changes affect overall [...] Read more.
Aging women experience hormonal changes, such as decreased estrogen and increased circulating androgen, due to natural or surgical menopause. These hormonal changes make postmenopausal women vulnerable to body composition changes, muscle loss, and abdominal obesity; with a sedentary lifestyle, these changes affect overall energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate. In addition, fat redistribution due to hormonal changes leads to changes in body shape. In particular, increased bone marrow-derived adipocytes due to estrogen loss contribute to increased visceral fat in postmenopausal women. Enhanced visceral fat lipolysis by adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase triggers the production of excessive free fatty acids, causing insulin resistance and metabolic diseases. Because genes involved in β-oxidation are downregulated by estradiol loss, excess free fatty acids produced by lipolysis of visceral fat cannot be used appropriately as an energy source through β-oxidation. Moreover, aged women show increased adipogenesis due to upregulated expression of genes related to fat accumulation. As a result, the catabolism of ATP production associated with β-oxidation decreases, and metabolism associated with lipid synthesis increases. This review describes the changes in energy metabolism and lipid metabolic abnormalities that are the background of weight gain in postmenopausal women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adipocyte Metabolism and Health in Postmenopausal Women)
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