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Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health:...
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Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 9784

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yoko Uchiyama-Tanaka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Yoko Clinic, 3-3-13 Takami, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu 805-0016, Japan
Interests: nutrients; kidney; microbiome; autism
Dr. Shoji Tsuji

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
Interests: gut microbiota; podocytopathy; nocturnal enuresis
Prof. Dr. Noriko Tsuji

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamimachi, Itabashi, Tokyo 1738610, Japan
2. Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kamimachi, Itabashi, Tokyo 1738610, Japan
3. Department of Food Science, Jumonji University, Sugasawa 2-1-28, Niiza, Saitama 3528510, Japan
Interests: mucosal immunology; food immunology; gut microbiota; probiotics; immune homeostasis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The roles of the gut–organ axis in many diseases are the subject of extensive research efforts. Microbiota and metabolites in gut have an impact on immunity. Food or supplements such as probiotics and prebiotics modulate gut health.

The aim of this Special Issue is to stimulate physicians and dieticians to share their knowledge on nutrition and supplements to highlight the importance of gut and its influence in immunity, and to develop knowledge on the mechanisms of modulating immunity with probiotics and prebiotics.

This Special Issue, “Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation”, is focused on the influence on immunity of probiotics and prebiotics in foods and supplements.

Contributions to this Issue may include review articles, systematic reviews, clinical cases, retrospective case studies, and proposals for healthy food intake and concerning gut in daily life.

Dr. Yoko Uchiyama-Tanaka
Dr. Shoji Tsuji
Prof. Dr. Noriko Tsuji
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prebiotics
  • probiotics
  • synbiotics
  • immune system
  • gut
  • nutrition

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4761 KiB  
Article
2′-Fucosyllactose and 3-Fucosyllactose Alleviates Interleukin-6-Induced Barrier Dysfunction and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome
by Yeon-Ji Kim, Han-Hae Kim, Chul-Soo Shin, Jong-Won Yoon, Seon-Min Jeon, Young-Ha Song, Kwang-Youn Kim and Kyungho Kim
Nutrients 2023, 15(8), 1845; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15081845 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1754
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with relapsing and remitting patterns, and it is caused by varied factors, such as the intestinal inflammation extent and duration. We examined the preventative effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on epithelial barrier integrity and [...] Read more.
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with relapsing and remitting patterns, and it is caused by varied factors, such as the intestinal inflammation extent and duration. We examined the preventative effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on epithelial barrier integrity and intestinal inflammation in an interleukin (IL)-6-induced cell model and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute mouse colitis model. HMOs including 2′-fucosyllactose (FL) and 3-FL and positive controls including fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and 5-acetylsalicylic acid (5-ASA) were orally administrated once per day to C57BL/6J mice with colitis induced by 5% DSS in the administered drinking water. 2′-FL and 3-FL did not affect the cell viability in Caco-2 cells. Meanwhile, these agents reversed IL-6-reduced intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, 2′-FL and 3-FL reversed the body weight loss and the remarkably short colon lengths in DSS-induced acute colitis mice. Moreover, 2′-FL and 3-FL obviously protected the decreasing expression of zonula occluden-1 and occludin in colon tissue relative to the findings in the DSS-treated control group. 2′-FL and 3-FL significantly reduced IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in serum relative to the control findings. The summary of these results shows that HMOs prevent colitis mainly by enhancing intestinal barrier function and advancing anti-inflammatory responses. Therefore, HMOs might suppress inflammatory responses and represent candidate treatments for IBD that protect intestinal integrity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation)
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17 pages, 817 KiB  
Article
Association between Dietary Habit and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Undergoing Supportive Periodontal Therapy
by Shinichi Tabe, Yohei Nakayama, Ryoki Kobayashi, Kstsunori Oyama, Daisuke Kitano, Jun Ogihara, Hidenobu Senpuku and Yorimasa Ogata
Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 4993; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14234993 - 24 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
The recurrence risk evaluation has been emphasized in periodontal stabilization during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). However, nutritional factors, e.g., dietary habits such as the frequency of eating vegetables, are rarely included in the evaluation. In this study, the effect of nutritional factors on [...] Read more.
The recurrence risk evaluation has been emphasized in periodontal stabilization during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). However, nutritional factors, e.g., dietary habits such as the frequency of eating vegetables, are rarely included in the evaluation. In this study, the effect of nutritional factors on clinical periodontal parameters was examined in a lifestyle-related investigation and a periodontal examination in patients with periodontitis undergoing SPT. A total of 106 patients were recruited. Tendencies toward a negative correlation were found between rate of a probing depth (PD) of 4–5 mm, rate of PD ≥ 6 mm, the bleeding on probing (BOP) rate, periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), and various nutritional factors. The number of teeth was a clinical parameter with a significantly high R2 (≥0.10) influenced by environmental factors, whereas PD, PD of 4–5 mm, the BOP rate, and PISA were influenced by nutritional factors. These results suggested that environmental factors reflected clinical parameters showing long-term pathophysiology, such as the PD rate. Nutritional factors tended to affect the current inflammatory pathophysiology, such as the BOP rate, PISA, and PISA/periodontal epithelial surface area. Therefore, environmental and nutritional factors appear to be useful for evaluating the risk of periodontitis during SPT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation)
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12 pages, 2282 KiB  
Article
Effect of a Bifidobacterium-Containing Acid-Resistant Microcapsule Formulation on Gut Microbiota: A Pilot Study
by Miki Minami, Shoji Tsuji, Shohei Akagawa, Yuko Akagawa, Yuki Yoshimoto, Hirosato Kawakami, Mamiko Kohno and Kazunari Kaneko
Nutrients 2022, 14(22), 4829; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224829 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1702
Abstract
Approximately 10 Bifidobacterium species are known to inhabit the human intestinal tract. Bifidobacteria have been reported to possess a variety of probiotic benefits. However, when bifidobacteria are consumed internally as probiotics, the bacteria are killed by gastric acid. Therefore, we developed acid-resistant microcapsules [...] Read more.
Approximately 10 Bifidobacterium species are known to inhabit the human intestinal tract. Bifidobacteria have been reported to possess a variety of probiotic benefits. However, when bifidobacteria are consumed internally as probiotics, the bacteria are killed by gastric acid. Therefore, we developed acid-resistant microcapsules containing Bifidobacterium breve M-16V and B. longum BB536, which are unaffected by gastric acid, and evaluated whether the microcapsule formulation increased the amount of bifidobacteria in the stool after administration compared with the powder formulation. The results revealed no significant difference in the percentage or number of B. longum between before and after administration of the powder or microcapsule formulation in children. By contrast, the bacterial count of B. breve was significantly increased after microcapsule formulation administration (1.5 × 105 copies/g after administration versus 2.8 × 104 copies/g before administration, p = 0.013). In addition, the increase in the bacterial count of B. breve in stools after administration of microcapsule formulation was approximately 1000-fold higher than that after powder formulation administration (p = 0.018). In conclusion, the results indicate that the microcapsule formulation is efficiently transferred to the large intestine without the adverse effects of gastric acidity in children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation)
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Review

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38 pages, 1624 KiB  
Review
Bifidobacterium: Host–Microbiome Interaction and Mechanism of Action in Preventing Common Gut-Microbiota-Associated Complications in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review
by Fatemah Sadeghpour Heravi and Honghua Hu
Nutrients 2023, 15(3), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030709 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4305
Abstract
The development and health of infants are intertwined with the protective and regulatory functions of different microorganisms in the gut known as the gut microbiota. Preterm infants born with an imbalanced gut microbiota are at substantial risk of several diseases including inflammatory intestinal [...] Read more.
The development and health of infants are intertwined with the protective and regulatory functions of different microorganisms in the gut known as the gut microbiota. Preterm infants born with an imbalanced gut microbiota are at substantial risk of several diseases including inflammatory intestinal diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, neurodevelopmental disorders, and allergies which can potentially persist throughout adulthood. In this review, we have evaluated the role of Bifidobacterium as commonly used probiotics in the development of gut microbiota and prevention of common diseases in preterm infants which is not fully understood yet. The application of Bifidobacterium as a therapeutical approach in the re-programming of the gut microbiota in preterm infants, the mechanisms of host-microbiome interaction, and the mechanism of action of this bacterium have also been investigated, aiming to provide new insights and opportunities in microbiome-targeted interventions in personalized medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Food on Gut Health: Mechanisms of Intestinal Immunomodulation)
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