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Nutrients
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Impact of Nutrition and Nutritional Status on Biomarkers of Ill-Health...
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Impact of Nutrition and Nutritional Status on Biomarkers of Ill-Health and on Later Diseases in Children and Adolescents

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 January 2024) | Viewed by 4269

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dénes Molnár

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Medical School and National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: childhood obesity; intrauterine and infant nutrition; obesity-related diseases; metabolic syndrome; epigenetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Szilvia Bokor

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Guest Editor
Department of Paediatrics; Medical School and National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Interests: epigenetics; genetics; childhood obesity; long-term consequences of in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Dr. Éva Erhardt

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: pediatric endocrinology; pediatric diabetes mellitus; childhood obesity; genetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Artur Mazur

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
Interests: pediatric endocrinology; childhood obesity; inflammatory syndrome; metabolic syndrome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Malgorzata Wojcik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
Interests: childhood obesity; metabolic syndrome; hypertension; endocrinology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to WHO, both too low and too high a body weight are on the list of the ten factors that are the most threatening to human health. The double burden of malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition, thinness and obesity) is a significant and global problem with different levels of prevalence in developed and developing areas of the globe due to its impact on public health and on the whole society. Both thinness and obesity in children and adolescents increase the odds of the development of different nutrition-associated diseases in later life. The consequences of obesity include an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and its associated retinal and renal complications, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnoea, polycystic ovarian syndrome, infertility, asthma, orthopedic complications, psychiatric disease, and increased rates of cancer, among others. Thinness is also associated with different adverse health consequences, such as nutritional deficiencies, impaired growth and development, menstrual irregularity in girls/women, decreased cognitive and work capacity, osteoporosis and increased risk of infections. Intrauterine and early-childhood undernutrition may increase the risk of many noncommunicable diseases in adulthood (small baby syndrome).

In this Special Issue, high-quality manuscripts (original research, review) that aim to clarify the role of childhood and adolescence nutrition and nutritional status in lifestyle-related disease development and future disease likelihood are welcome. Papers investigating novel, early and reliable biomarkers heralding the later development of noncommunicable diseases are also requested.

Prof. Dr. Dénes Molnár
Dr. Szilvia Bokor
Dr. Éva Erhardt
Prof. Dr. Artur Mazur
Dr. Malgorzata Wojcik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • underweight
  • overweight
  • obesity
  • thinness
  • childhood
  • adolescence
  • nutrition
  • nutritional status
  • biomarkers
  • lifestyle-related disease

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 309 KiB  
Article
Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake of Healthy Pre-School Children in Hungary
by Mónika Csertő, Krisztina Mihályi, Edina Mendl, Dorottya Lőcsei, Vivien Daum, Nóra Szili, Tamás Decsi and Szimonetta Lohner
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 2989; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132989 - 30 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1103
Abstract
Diet in the early years of life may influence the development of chronic diseases later on. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dietary intake of 2- to 6-year-old Hungarian children. In 2013 and subsequently in 2016, cross-sectional surveys were [...] Read more.
Diet in the early years of life may influence the development of chronic diseases later on. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dietary intake of 2- to 6-year-old Hungarian children. In 2013 and subsequently in 2016, cross-sectional surveys were conducted among parents of healthy children attending kindergarten in Hungary. We used a three-day food diary to record quantitative data of all the nutrients consumed by the children on two working days and one weekend day. The dietary intakes were compared to both the Hungarian recommended dietary allowances and the European Food Safety Authority recommendations. The nutritional data of altogether 186 children in 2013 and 556 children in 2016 were analyzed. The total energy and carbohydrate intake was appropriate. We observed high sugar intake in every fifth child. Protein, fat and cholesterol intake, as well as the intake of sodium, potassium and phosphorus, were high. The consumption of calcium and vitamin D was low. Water consumption was not satisfying. The present results underline the need for interventions starting early in life in order to ameliorate nutrient intake during childhood, possibly impacting long-term health outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Nutrition and Nutritional Status on Biomarkers of Ill-Health and on Later Diseases in Children and Adolescents)
12 pages, 724 KiB  
Article
The Severity of Obesity Promotes Greater Dehydration in Children: Preliminary Results
by Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska, Małgorzata Wójcik, Anna Stochel-Gaudyn, Ewa Szczudlik, Agnieszka Suder and Beata Piórecka
Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 5150; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235150 - 03 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2689
Abstract
The state of hydration of the body depends on the balance between the amount of water and salt consumed and excreted (the urinary extraction of excess sodium requires water). Inappropriate nutrition, particularly consuming too much processed food, causes obesity in children and additionally [...] Read more.
The state of hydration of the body depends on the balance between the amount of water and salt consumed and excreted (the urinary extraction of excess sodium requires water). Inappropriate nutrition, particularly consuming too much processed food, causes obesity in children and additionally causes excessive sodium consumption, thus increasing the risk of excessive water loss. The aim of this study was to assess the hydration status of children with obesity and the relation between hydration, body composition, urinary sodium extraction, and nutrient intake. The study group consisted of 27 patients with obesity, with a mean age of 12.89 ± SD 2.79. Each patient’s height, weight, body composition (electrical bioimpedance (BIA)), diet (7-day record), and biochemical tests were assessed. The hydration status was assessed using 24-hour urine collection, 24-hour urine osmolality, and an ultrasound of the vena cava (IVC/Ao index). Overall, 55% of children (n = 15) had urine osmolality values above 800 mOsm/kgH2O, which indicates significant dehydration, and 53% (n = 14) were dehydrated, based on the IVC/Ao index. Children with obesity and dehydration had a significantly higher BMI (31.79 vs. 27.32; p = 0.0228), fat mass percentage (37.23% vs. 30.07% p = 0.0051), and fat mass in kg (30.89 vs. 20.55; p = 0.0158), and significantly higher sodium intake from their diet (3390.0 mg vs. 2921.0 mg; p = 0.0230), as well as their sodium/potassium ratio (2.4 vs. 2.0; p = 0.0043). The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and osmolality values were directly related to fat-mass percentage and fat-mass (in kg) in a simple linear correlation analysis. Our preliminary results confirm that obesity is related to dehydration. The overall high sodium excretion in children with obesity indicates an excessive salt intake along with low potassium intake, which is a significant predictor of dehydration, regardless of the total water intake (TWI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Nutrition and Nutritional Status on Biomarkers of Ill-Health and on Later Diseases in Children and Adolescents)
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