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Nutrients
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Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome in Traumatic Geriatric Patients
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Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome in Traumatic Geriatric Patients

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2023) | Viewed by 2347

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Harald Widhalm

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Clinical Division of Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Interests: orthopedic surgery; arthroplasty; knee joint; traumatology; cartilage; orthopedic sports medicine; trauma; fracture; emergency medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Patrick Sadoghi

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, Austria
Interests: arthroplasty; osteoarthritis; knee; biomechanics; hip; orthopedic surgery; knee surgery; anterior cruciate ligament; knee arthroplasty; knee injuries

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapidly increasing number of cases of patients who show severe disease patterns or sustain serious injuries, an optimal quality of care may not always be guaranteed. Although we manage to treat patients and operate reasonably promptly if necessary, it is actually only possible to check the quality of care in exceptional cases. For this reason, it is all the more important to carry out research in the fields of traumatic injuries, metabolic syndromes, and nutrition. Due to increasing life expectancies and associated higher levels of physical activity, even in old age, surgeons are often required to provide adequate care, especially for geriatric patients that often have metabolic disorders and nutritional deficits, which is very important in the care of injured geriatric patients. While we know that nearly two-thirds of hospitalized patients are malnourished, it is even more important to optimally prepare patients who require surgical repair for a sustained fracture. This includes the administration of preoperative drinking solutions to keep sobriety as short as possible and prevent a catabolic metabolic state. In addition, postoperative nutrition plays an important role in the rehabilitation process.

Since average life expectancies have increased over the last decades, doctors now often have to provide care for patients who suffer from several comorbidities. When treating fractures and other injuries the greatest challenges for physicians involve appropriately preparing patients for operations. To provide a high standard of care and lower mortality risks, especially in elderly patients, it is crucial to individually address each patient’s needs. As part of these preparations, the greatest attention must be paid to nutrition, especially when it comes to patients who may be suffering from metabolic syndrome.

To lower overall risks for patients, a gold standard for this process should be established. For this purpose, I cordially invite all authors to submit original articles on this topic.

Prof. Dr. Harald Widhalm
Prof. Dr. Patrick Sadoghi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • pre- and postoperative care
  • orthopedic surgery
  • traumatology
  • arthrosis
  • geriatric
  • osteosynthesis
  • trauma
  • fracture
  • comorbidities

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 292 KiB  
Article
The Urgent Need for Nutritional Medical Care in Geriatric Patients—Malnutrition in Nursing Homes
by Harald K. Widhalm, Maximilian Keintzel, Gerald Ohrenberger and Kurt Widhalm
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4367; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204367 - 14 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1221
Abstract
Patients aged 65 and over who are accommodated in hospitals and nursing homes are at high risk of malnutrition and often show signs of it. The future relevance of this problem becomes clear, especially in view of the demographic development of the coming [...] Read more.
Patients aged 65 and over who are accommodated in hospitals and nursing homes are at high risk of malnutrition and often show signs of it. The future relevance of this problem becomes clear, especially in view of the demographic development of the coming years and decades. In this study, the correlation between malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, elevated CRP, and low transferrin levels, as well as mortality in seniors between 65 and 100 years, should be revealed. Therefore, the prevalence of disease-specific malnutrition (DRM), according to the criteria of the guidelines of the German Society of Nutritional Medicine (DGEM), and the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia were presented based on the data of 120 residents who were inpatients in a large Viennese nursing home between 01/2017 and 08/2020. Moreover, 86 of the inpatient residents were women and 34 were men, with a mean age of 84 years (SD: 8.7). In this examination, more than one-third of nursing home residents were malnourished. More than half of the residents were found to have low serum albumin or low transferrin saturation. However, no correlation between elevated CRP, low transferrin, or low serum albumin values and malnutrition could be established. Residents with low serum albumin or low transferrin levels, however, had a higher mortality rate. This study supports the urgent relevance of closer and individually personalized medical nutritional interventions, especially concerning hypoalbuminemic seniors aged 65 years and older. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome in Traumatic Geriatric Patients)
11 pages, 2047 KiB  
Article
Predictive Validity of Mortality after Surgically Treated Proximal Femur Fractures Based on Four Nutrition Scores—A Retrospective Data Analysis
by Domenik Popp, Arastoo Nia, Gregor Biedermann, Lukas Schmoelz, Sara Silvaieh, Thomas M. Tiefenboeck, Stefan Hajdu and Harald K. Widhalm
Nutrients 2023, 15(15), 3357; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153357 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 883
Abstract
Background: Hip fractures are becoming a growing concern due to an aging population. The high costs to the healthcare system and far-reaching consequences for those affected, including a loss of independence and increased mortality rates, make this issue important. Poor nutritional status is [...] Read more.
Background: Hip fractures are becoming a growing concern due to an aging population. The high costs to the healthcare system and far-reaching consequences for those affected, including a loss of independence and increased mortality rates, make this issue important. Poor nutritional status is a common problem among geriatric patients and is associated with a worse prognosis. Nutritional screening tools can help identify high-risk patients and enable individualized care to improve survival rates. Material and methods: This retrospective study investigates four nutritional scores and laboratory parameters’ predictive significance concerning postoperative mortality after surgical treatment of proximal femur fractures at 1, 3, 6, and 12 month/s for patients over 60 years using the chi-square test, Cox regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines were used as part of the screening of the respective nutritional status of the patients, in particular to filter out malnutrition. Results: A total of 1080 patients were included in this study, whereas 8.05% suffered from malnutrition, defined as a body mass index (BMI) below 18.5 kg/m2. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) screening tool identified the highest proportion of malnourished patients at 14.54%. A total of 36.39% of patients were at risk of malnutrition according to three nutrition scores, with MNA providing the most significant proportion at 41.20%. Patients identified as malnourished had a higher mortality rate, and MNA screening was the only tool to show a significant correlation with postoperative mortality in all survey intervals. The MNA presented the best predictive significance among the screening tools, with a maximum area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7 at 12 month postoperatively. Conclusions: MNA screening has a solid correlation and predictive significance regarding postoperative mortality—therefore routine implementation of this screening in orthopedic/traumatology wards is recommended. Moreover, nutritional substitution therapy can offer a relatively inexpensive and easy-to-implement measure. The Graz malnutrition screening (GMS) shows moderate predictive power and could be considered as an alternative for patients under 60 years of age. A higher albumin level is associated with improved survival probability, but cannot be indicative of nutritional status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Metabolic Syndrome in Traumatic Geriatric Patients)
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