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Nutrients
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Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder
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Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 September 2024 | Viewed by 8153

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Shiyu Tao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Interests: nutrition; gut microbiota; gut health; metabolic disorder
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As an important nutrient, the proper intake of dietary fiber plays an important role in maintaining the health of humans and animals. There is a wide range of interactions between dietary fiber and intestinal microbiota, and the beneficial products of dietary fiber fermentation by intestinal microbiota have excellent effects in regulating metabolic disorder. Dietary fibers are diverse and complex, and microorganisms may have unique degradation methods and products for different structures of dietary fibers. Therefore, revealing the structures of different kinds of dietary fibers and exploring the fermentation characteristics of intestinal microbiota on different kinds of dietary fibers are of great significance and value for the development of new dietary fibers and their products for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorder.

This research topic is to provide a platform for presenting and discussing cutting-edge research on all aspects of the interaction between dietary fiber, intestinal microbiota and metabolic disorders. We welcome manuscripts on subjects including, but not limited to, the following subtopics:

(1) Characterization of the structure of different types of dietary fibers.

(2) Mechanism of interactions between dietary fiber and intestinal microbiota.

(3) Preventive and therapeutic effects of degradation products of intestinal microbiota with dietary fiber as a substrate on metabolic disorder in humans and animals.

(4) Preventive and therapeutic effects of metabolites of dietary fiber fermentation by intestinal microorganisms on metabolic disorder in humans and animals.

(5) Potential mechanisms of metabolic disorder alleviation by dietary fiber based on multi-omics.

This Special Issue of Nutrients entitled, “Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder”, welcomes original research and reviews of the literature concerning this important topic.

Dr. Shiyu Tao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietaty fiber
  • gut microbiota
  • metabolic disorder
  • human
  • animal

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 30558 KiB  
Article
Three Strains of Lactobacillus Derived from Piglets Alleviated Intestinal Oxidative Stress Induced by Diquat through Extracellular Vesicles
by Shengkai Feng, Yihan Liu, Jing Xu, Jinping Fan, Jingjing Li, Zhifeng Wu, Yue Sun and Wen Xiong
Nutrients 2023, 15(19), 4198; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194198 - 28 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1003
Abstract
Previous studies found that Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCPs) significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity in piglet intestines while increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus. However, the relationship between Lactobacillus and antioxidant activity has yet to be verified, and the mode of action needs further [...] Read more.
Previous studies found that Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCPs) significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity in piglet intestines while increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus. However, the relationship between Lactobacillus and antioxidant activity has yet to be verified, and the mode of action needs further investigation. Six Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestines of neonatal piglets fed with PCPs were studied to investigate the relationship between Lactobacillus and intestinal oxidative stress. The results showed that three of them alleviated intestinal oxidative stress and protected the intestinal barrier. Subsequently, we extracted the extracellular vesicles (EVs) of these three Lactobacillus strains to verify their intestinal protection mode of action. We found that these EVs exerted an excellent antioxidant effect and intestinal barrier protection and could directly improve intestinal microbial composition. Our findings suggested that the EVs of the three Lactobacillus strains could enhance antioxidant activity by improving the physical intestinal barrier and remodeling gut microbiota. Unlike probiotics, which should be pre-colonized, EVs can act directly on the intestines. This study provides new ideas for the subsequent development of products to protect intestinal health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder)
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14 pages, 4326 KiB  
Article
Metagenomic Sequencing Identified Specific Bacteriophage Signature Discriminating between Healthy and Diarrheal Neonatal Piglets
by Zhenyu Wang, Jingjing Li, Lingyan Ma, Xiangdong Liu, Hong Wei, Yingping Xiao and Shiyu Tao
Nutrients 2023, 15(7), 1616; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071616 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1746
Abstract
Neonatal diarrhea is one of the most severe diseases in human beings and pigs, leading to high mortality and growth faltering. Gut microbiome-related studies mostly focus on the relationship between bacteria and neonatal diarrhea onset, and no research study has investigated the role [...] Read more.
Neonatal diarrhea is one of the most severe diseases in human beings and pigs, leading to high mortality and growth faltering. Gut microbiome-related studies mostly focus on the relationship between bacteria and neonatal diarrhea onset, and no research study has investigated the role of the gut virome in neonatal diarrhea. Here, using metagenomic sequencing, we characterized the fecal viral community of diarrheal and healthy neonatal piglets. We found that the viral community of diarrheal piglets showed higher individual heterogeneity and elevated abundance of Myoviridae. By predicting the bacterial host of the identified viral genomes, phages infecting Proteobacteria, especially E. coli, were the dominant taxa in neonatal diarrheal piglets. Consistent with this, the antibiotic resistance gene of E. coli origin was also enriched in neonatal diarrheal piglets. Finally, we established a random forest model to accurately discriminate between neonatal diarrheal piglets and healthy controls and identified genus E. coli- and genus listeria-infecting bacteriophages, including psa and C5 viruses, as key biomarkers. In conclusion, we provide the first glance of viral community and function characteristics in diarrheal and healthy neonatal piglets. These findings expand our understanding of the relationship among phages, bacteria and diarrhea, and may facilitate the development of therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of neonatal diarrhea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder)
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16 pages, 2488 KiB  
Article
The Effect of an Essential Oil Blend on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Microbiota in Early-Weaned Piglets
by Yirui Shao, Qingyun Peng, Yuliang Wu, Changfeng Peng, Shanshan Wang, Lijun Zou, Ming Qi, Can Peng, Hongnan Liu, Rui Li, Xia Xiong and Yulong Yin
Nutrients 2023, 15(2), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020450 - 14 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2843
Abstract
Essential oils (EO) are promising feed additives for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and immune-enhancing abilities with low toxicity. Carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde are commonly used to synthesize EO. However, few studies focus on combining these three EO in early-weaned piglets. In the present study, [...] Read more.
Essential oils (EO) are promising feed additives for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and immune-enhancing abilities with low toxicity. Carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde are commonly used to synthesize EO. However, few studies focus on combining these three EO in early-weaned piglets. In the present study, 24 piglets weaned at 21 d of age were randomly divided into 2 groups (6 replicate pens per group, 2 piglets per pen). The piglets were fed a basal diet (the control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg EO (a blend consisting of carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde, the EO group) for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, one piglet per pen was randomly chosen to be sacrificed. Growth performance, hematology, plasma biochemical indices, antioxidant capacity, intestinal epithelial development and immunity, colonic volatile fatty acids (VFA), and microbiota were determined. The results indicated that the diet supplemented with EO significantly improved average daily feed intake (ADFI, p < 0.01) and average daily gain (ADG, p < 0.05) in the day 0 to 28 period. EO supplementation led to a significant decrease in plasma lysozyme (p < 0.05) and cortisol levels (p < 0.01). Additionally, EO significantly promoted jejunal goblet cells in the villus, jejunal mucosa ZO-1 mRNA expression, ileal villus height, and ileal villus height/crypt depth ratio in piglets (p < 0.05). The ileal mucosal TLR4 and NFκB p-p65/p65 protein expression were significantly inhibited in the EO group (p < 0.05). Colonic digesta microbiota analysis revealed that bacteria involving the Erysipelotrichaceae family, Holdemanella genus, Phascolarctobacterium genus, and Vibrio genus were enriched in the EO group. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the EO blend improves ADG and ADFI in the day 0 to 28 period, as well as intestinal epithelial development and intestinal immunity in early-weaned piglets, which provides a theoretical basis for the combined use of EO in weaned piglets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder)
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15 pages, 4759 KiB  
Article
Effects of Dietary Fiber Compounds on Characteristic Human Flora and Metabolites Mediated by the Longevity Dietary Pattern Analyzed by In Vitro Fermentation
by Fengcui Shi, Fan Zhou, Xiaohua Zheng, Jingwen Lv, Xiaohan Yu, Yang Zhou and Quanyang Li
Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 5037; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235037 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary fiber compounds (DFCs) on characteristic human flora and their metabolites mediated by the longevity dietary pattern analyzed by in vitro fermentation. The results show that DFC1 (cereal fiber) increased the [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary fiber compounds (DFCs) on characteristic human flora and their metabolites mediated by the longevity dietary pattern analyzed by in vitro fermentation. The results show that DFC1 (cereal fiber) increased the level of Lactobacillus (p < 0.05), DFC2 (fruit and vegetable and cereal fiber) promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium more significantly than DFC3 (fruit and vegetable fiber) (p < 0.01), and all three DFCs decreased the level of Escherichia coli (p < 0.05). The metabolomic analysis showed that there was variability in the metabolites and the metabolic pathways of different DFCs. The redundancy analysis revealed that the fiber content was positively correlated with Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, acetic acid, butyric acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, and betaine, and negatively correlated with Escherichia coli, succinic acid, alanine, choline, aspartic acid, and α-glucose. Overall, this study found that different DFCs have different positive correlations on characteristic human flora and metabolites, and DFC2 is more favorable to the proliferation of the intestinal beneficial genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium after in vitro fermentation, having a probiotic role in glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolisms. This study may provide a theoretical reference for the search of optimal dietary fiber combination strategies mediated by longevity dietary pattern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Disorder)
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