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Special Issue "Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives"

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A special issue of Non-Coding RNA (ISSN 2311-553X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2023) | Viewed by 5861

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Brian D. Gregory

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Guest Editor

Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S, University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Interests: RNA silencing; RNA secondary structure; microRNAs; RNA-protein interactions; post-transcriptional gene regulation

Prof. Dr. Ling Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
Interests: lnRNA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The purpose of this Special Issue is to present a series of articles (both reviews and original research) from experts in non-coding RNA research across the USA. We invite the submission of articles that highlight the history and deepen our current understanding of the role of non-coding RNA (both small and long) in multiple disciplines and organisms ranging from bacteria to plant and human cells. Potential topics include, but are not limited:

Non-coding RNA processing;
Non-coding RNA functions;
Functions of RNA modifications in coding and non-coding RNA;
Non-coding RNA structure;
Non-coding RNA regulation;
Non-coding RNA degradation;
Non-coding RNA biogenesis.

Prof. Dr. Brian D. Gregory
Prof. Dr. Ling Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Non-Coding RNA is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

RNA biology
long non-coding RNAs
small RNAs
microRNAs
circular RNAs
RNA modification in coding and ncRNAs
ncRNA structure
ncRNA regulation
ncRNA degradation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Effects of Controlled Ozone Exposure on Circulating microRNAs and Vascular and Coagulation Biomarkers: A Mediation Analysis

and

Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(4), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9040043 - 01 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Exposure to ozone (O₃) is associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. Alterations in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to the adverse vascular effects of O₃ exposure through inter-cellular communication resulting in post-transcriptional regulation of messenger RNAs by miRNAs. In this study, we investigated whether O₃ exposure induces alterations in circulating miRNAs that can mediate effects on downstream vascular and coagulation biomarkers. Twenty-three healthy male adults were exposed on successive days to filtered air and 300 ppb O₃ for 2 h. Circulating miRNA and protein biomarkers were quantified after each exposure session. The data were subjected to mixed-effects model and mediation analyses for the statistical analyses. The results showed that the expression level of multiple circulating miRNAs (e.g., miR-19a-3p, miR-34a-5p) was significantly associated with O₃ exposure. Pathway analysis showed that these miRNAs were predictive of changing levels of downstream biomarkers [e.g., D-dimer, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)]. Mediation analysis showed that miR-19a-3p may be a significant mediator of O₃-exposure-induced changes in blood TNFα levels [0.08 (0.01, 0.15), p = 0.02]. In conclusion, this preliminary study showed that O₃ exposure of healthy male adults resulted in changes in circulating miRNAs, some of which may mediate vascular effects of O₃ exposure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives)

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Open AccessArticle

Liquid Biopsies Poorly miRror Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

and

Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(2), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9020024 - 01 Apr 2023

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Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the rapid reduction in renal function. It is often difficult to detect at an early stage. Biofluid microRNAs (miRs) have been proposed as novel biomarkers due to their regulatory role in renal pathophysiology. The goal of this study was to determine the overlap in AKI miRNA profiles in the renal cortex, urine, and plasma samples collected from a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI. Bilateral renal ischemia was induced by clamping the renal pedicles for 30 min, followed by reperfusion. Urine was then collected over 24 h, followed by terminal blood and tissue collection for small RNA profiling. Differentially expressed (IR vs. sham) miRs within the urine and renal cortex sample types demonstrated a strong correlation in normalized abundance regardless of injury (IR and sham: R² = 0.8710 and 0.9716, respectively). Relatively few miRs were differentially expressed in multiple samples. Further, there were no differentially expressed miRs with clinically relevant sequence conservation common between renal cortex and urine samples. This project highlights the need for a comprehensive analysis of potential miR biomarkers, including analysis of pathological tissues and biofluids, with the goal of identifying the cellular origin of altered miRs. Analysis at earlier timepoints is needed to further evaluate clinical potential. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives)

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Open AccessArticle

LncRNA MALAT1 Regulates Hyperglycemia Induced EMT in Keratinocyte via miR-205

and

Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9010014 - 11 Feb 2023

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Abstract

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical to cutaneous wound healing. When skin is injured, EMT activates and mobilizes keratinocytes toward the wound bed, therefore enabling re-epithelialization. This process becomes dysregulated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate many biological processes. LncRNA-metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) influences numerous cellular processes, including EMT. The objective of the current study is to explore the role of MALAT1 in hyperglycemia (HG)-induced EMT. The expression of MALAT1 was found to be significantly upregulated, while the expression of miR-205 was downregulated in diabetic wounds and high-glucose-treated HaCaT cells. The initiation of EMT in HaCaT cells from hyperglycemia was confirmed by a morphological change, the increased expression of CDH2, KRT10, and ACTA2, and the downregulation of CDH1. The knockdown of MALAT1 was achieved by transfecting a small interfering RNA (SiRNA). MALAT1 and miR-205 were found to modulate HG-induced EMT. MALAT1 silencing or miR-205 overexpression appears to attenuate hyperglycemia-induced EMT. Mechanistically, MALAT1 affects HG-induced EMT through binding to miR-205 and therefore inducing ZEB1, a critical transcription factor for EMT. In summary, lncRNA MALAT1 is involved in the hyperglycemia-induced EMT of human HaCaT cells. This provides a new perspective on the pathogenesis of diabetic wounds. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Exosome RNA Sequencing as a Tool in the Search for Cancer Biomarkers

Marina Elkommos-Zakhary

Neeraja Rajesh

and

Vladimir Beljanski

Non-Coding RNA 2022, 8(6), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna8060075 - 09 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2425

Abstract

Numerous noninvasive methods are currently being used to determine biomarkers for diseases such as cancer. However, these methods are not always precise and reliable. Thus, there is an unmet need for better diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that will be used to diagnose cancer in early, more treatable stages of the disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin released by the majority of cells. Exosomes contain and transport nucleic acids, proteins, growth factors, and cytokines from their parent cells to surrounding or even distant cells via circulation in biofluids. Exosomes have attracted the interest of researchers, as recent data indicate that exosome content may be indicative of disease stages and may contribute to disease progression via exosome-mediated extracellular communication. Therefore, the contents of these vesicles are being investigated as possible biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. The functions of exosomes and their contents in disease development are becoming clearer as isolation and analytical methods, such as RNA sequencing, advance. In this review, we discuss current advances and challenges in exosomal content analyses with emphasis on information that can be generated using RNA sequencing. We also discuss how the RNA sequencing of exosomes may be used to discover novel biomarkers for the detection of different stages for various cancers using specific microRNAs that were found to be differentially expressed between healthy controls and cancer-diagnosed subjects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives)

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Special Issue "Non-coding RNA in the USA: Latest Advances and Perspectives"

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