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Nanomaterials
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Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass
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Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2018) | Viewed by 19423

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alberto Villa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: metal nanoparticles; heterogeneous catalysis; nanostructured metal oxides; functionalized carbons; metal carbides; biomass transformation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nikolaos Dimitratos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemistry, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, UK
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; catalysis for energy; H2 production; CO2 transformation to methanol; supported metal nanoparticles; heteropolyacids; biomass conversion; bifunctional catalysts, size and shape control of metal colloids; in situ and operando spectroscopy; advanced characterisation using Synchrotron and Neutron techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will be devoted to the preparation, characterization and application of nanostructured metal alloy for the transformation of molecules derived from biomass, including glycerol, cellulosic and hemicellulose compounds, and lignin derived molecules.Metal nanoparticles have received a great deal of interest in the last decade because of their unique properties, finding potential applications in different fields, such us catalysis, electronics, optics, imaging, and biology. The superior performance of bimetallic systems compared to monometallic counterparts has been reported for different chemical reactions, including CO oxidation the selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide the oxidation of primary C-H bonds and the transformation of biomass to fuel and chemical. The intrinsic properties of bimetallic particles have been shown to lead to catalytic properties different from monometallic counterparts, e.g., to enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability.

Dr. Alberto Villa
Dr. Nikolaos Dimitratos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bimetallic systems
  • characterization
  • oxidation
  • hydrogenation
  • glycerol
  • lignin
  • cellulose
  • hemicellulose

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 7132 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Ni Addition onto a Cu-Based Ternary Support on the H2 Production over Glycerol Steam Reforming Reaction
by Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Nikolaos Charisiou, Kyriakos Papageridis, Victor Sebastian, Steven Hinder, Aasif Dabbawala, Ayesha AlKhoori, Mark Baker and Maria Goula
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(11), 931; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110931 - 08 Nov 2018
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4417
Abstract
In the present study, Ni/Ce-Sm-xCu (x = 5, 7, 10 at.%) catalysts were prepared using microwave radiation coupled with sol-gel and followed by wetness impregnation method for the Ni incorporation. Highly dispersed nanocrystallites of CuO and NiO on the Ce-Sm-Cu support were found. [...] Read more.
In the present study, Ni/Ce-Sm-xCu (x = 5, 7, 10 at.%) catalysts were prepared using microwave radiation coupled with sol-gel and followed by wetness impregnation method for the Ni incorporation. Highly dispersed nanocrystallites of CuO and NiO on the Ce-Sm-Cu support were found. Increase of Cu content seems to facilitate the reducibility of the catalyst according to the H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). All the catalysts had a variety of weak, medium and strong acid/basic sites that regulate the reaction products. All the catalysts had very high XC3H8O3 for the entire temperature (400–750 °C) range; from ≈84% at 400 °C to ≈94% at 750 °C. Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu catalyst showed the lowest XC3H8O3-gas implying the Cu content has a detrimental effect on performance, especially between 450–650 °C. In terms of H2 selectivity (SH2) and H2 yield (YH2), both appeared to vary in the following order: Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu > Ni/Ce-Sm-7Cu > Ni/Ce-Sm-5Cu, demonstrating the high impact of Cu content. Following stability tests, all the catalysts accumulated high amounts of carbon, following the order Ni/Ce-Sm-5Cu < Ni/Ce-Sm-7Cu < Ni/Ce-Sm-10Cu (52, 65 and 79 wt.%, respectively) based on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies. Raman studies showed that the incorporation of Cu in the support matrix controls the extent of carbon graphitization deposited during the reaction at hand. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass)
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11 pages, 1844 KiB  
Article
Supported Bimetallic AuPd Nanoparticles as a Catalyst for the Selective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes
by Ruiyang Qu, Margherita Macino, Sarwat Iqbal, Xiang Gao, Qian He, Graham John Hutchings and Meenakshisundaram Sankar
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(9), 690; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090690 - 05 Sep 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4287
Abstract
The solvent-free selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was carried out using a supported AuPd nanoparticles catalyst, prepared by the modified impregnation method (MIm), as efficient catalyst >99% yield of aniline (AN) was obtained after 15 h at 90 °C, 3 bar H [...] Read more.
The solvent-free selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was carried out using a supported AuPd nanoparticles catalyst, prepared by the modified impregnation method (MIm), as efficient catalyst >99% yield of aniline (AN) was obtained after 15 h at 90 °C, 3 bar H2 that can be used without any further purification or separation, therefore reducing cost and energy input. Supported AuPd nanoparticles catalyst, prepared by MIm, was found to be active and stable even after four recycle experiments, whereas the same catalyst prepared by SIm was deactivated during the recycle experiments. The most effective catalyst was tested for the chemoselective hydrogenation of 4-chloronitrobenzene (CNB) to 4-chloroaniline (CAN). The activation energy of CNB to CAN was found to be 25 kJ mol−1, while that of CNB to AN was found to be 31 kJ mol−1. Based on this, the yield of CAN was maximized (92%) by the lowering the reaction temperature to 25 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass)
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16 pages, 2745 KiB  
Article
Selective Oxidation of Veratryl Alcohol over Au-Pd/Ce0.62Zr0.38O2 Catalysts Synthesized by Sol-Immobilization: Effect of Au:Pd Molar Ratio
by Carol M. Olmos, Lidia E. Chinchilla, Andrea M. Cappella, Alberto Villa, Juan J. Delgado, Ana B. Hungría, Ginesa Blanco, Jose J. Calvino, Laura Prati and Xiaowei Chen
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(9), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090669 - 28 Aug 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4275
Abstract
The selective oxidation of veratryl alcohol (VA), a model compound of lignin, with oxygen molecules to produce veratraldehyde (VAld) was studied over monometallic Au, Pd, and bimetallic Au:Pd nanoparticles supported on a Ce0.62Zr0.38O2 mixed oxide for the first [...] Read more.
The selective oxidation of veratryl alcohol (VA), a model compound of lignin, with oxygen molecules to produce veratraldehyde (VAld) was studied over monometallic Au, Pd, and bimetallic Au:Pd nanoparticles supported on a Ce0.62Zr0.38O2 mixed oxide for the first time. These bimetallic Au-Pd catalysts with Au:Pd molar ratios from 0.4 to 4.3 were synthesized by the sol-immobilization method. Furthermore, all the catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy-high angle annular dark field (STEM-HAADF) imaging, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. A synergistic effect between gold and palladium was observed over all the bimetallic catalysts in a wide range of studied Au:Pd ratios. Remarkably, the optimum Au:Pd ratio for this reaction was 1.4 with a turnover frequency of almost six times larger than for the monometallic gold and palladium catalysts. Selectivity to veratraldehyde was higher than 99% for the monometallic Au, Pd, and all the bimetallic Au-Pd catalysts, and stayed constant during the reaction time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass)
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25 pages, 5458 KiB  
Article
Photoinduced Glycerol Oxidation over Plasmonic Au and AuM (M = Pt, Pd and Bi) Nanoparticle-Decorated TiO2 Photocatalysts
by Trin Jedsukontorn, Nagahiro Saito and Mali Hunsom
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(4), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8040269 - 23 Apr 2018
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5640
Abstract
In this study, sol-immobilization was used to prepare gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-decorated titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts at different Au weight % (wt. %) loading (Aux/TiO2, where x is the Au wt. %) and Au–M NP-decorated TiO2 [...] Read more.
In this study, sol-immobilization was used to prepare gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-decorated titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts at different Au weight % (wt. %) loading (Aux/TiO2, where x is the Au wt. %) and Au–M NP-decorated TiO2 photocatalysts (Au3M3/TiO2), where M is bismuth (Bi), platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd) at 3 wt. %. The Aux/TiO2 photocatalysts exhibited a stronger visible light absorption than the parent TiO2 due to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect. Increasing the Au content from 1 wt. % to 7 wt. % led to increased visible light absorption due to the increasing presence of defective structures that were capable of enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared catalyst. The addition of Pt and Pd coupled with the Au3/TiO2 to form Au3M3/TiO2 improved the photocatalytic activity of the Au3/TiO2 photocatalyst by maximizing their light-absorption property. The Au3/TiO2, Au3Pt3/TiO2 and Au3Pd3/TiO2 photocatalysts promoted the formation of glyceraldehyde from glycerol as the principle product, while Au3Bi3/TiO2 facilitated glycolaldehyde formation as the major product. Among all the prepared photocatalysts, Au3Pd3/TiO2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity with a 98.75% glycerol conversion at 24 h of reaction time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructure Metal Alloys for the Transformation of Biomass)
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