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Nanomaterials
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Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics
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Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 7122

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wei Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Interests: functional materials; flexible sensors; flexible energy storage devices; printing electronics
Dr. Jing Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Interests: printing electronics; flexible supercapacitor; nanoelectrode materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of flexible electronics has attracted widespread interest for many applications, such as artificial e-skin, health monitors, energy storage devices, human–computer interaction, and so on. Materials with high electrical conductivity and mechanical compliance are required for all flexible electronic applications. Therefore, the great challenge facing the development of such flexible electronic products stems from the growing demand for more advanced features. Nanomaterials have better electrical, mechanical and energy storage properties than bulk materials, and have been proved to be an excellent platform for the manufacture of flexible and stretchable electronic devices.

As the core component of flexible electronic devices, flexible electrodes have been used effectively in a variety of flexible sensors, flexible batteries, flexible display devices, etc. However, nanostructured metal electrodes and electrochemical active electrodes with excellent mechanical performance still need to be explored from the perspective of synthesis method, composite strategy and structural engineering. It is necessary to establish a stable solution dispersion process for nanomaterials to meet the requirements of large-scale preparation. Bending and tensile test standards for flexible electrodes should be established to accurately evaluate their mechanical deformation properties. Therefore, the present Special Issue, entitled “Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics”, aims to publish original research and review articles focusing on advanced nanomaterials and nanotechnology for flexible electronic devices, such as flexible supercapacitors, flexible sensors (including strain/pressure/humidity/temperature sensors and sensor arrays), flexible heaters, flexible display devices, flexible transistors, etc. We predict that the combination of nanomaterials and flexible electronic devices will further expand the diversity of electronic device design and function. This Special Issue will cover topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Nanomaterials for conductive tracks, electrical circuits, electrodes and conductive patterns;
  • Electrochemical nanomaterials for flexible energy storage devices (supercapacitors, batteries, etc.);
  • Functional nanomaterials for physical sensors (strain /pressure/humidity/temperature sensors, etc.) and flexible optoelectronic devices (TFTs, displays, etc.);
  • New system integrations, including all-in-one devices and wearable electronics;
  • Nanomaterials for printed electronics and smart packaging;
  • Applications of flexible electronic devices.

Prof. Dr. Wei Wu
Dr. Jing Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • flexible electronics
  • printed electronics
  • wearable electronics
  • nanomaterials
  • smart packaging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2254 KiB  
Communication
Rapid Production of Carbon Nanotube Film for Bioelectronic Applications
by Hein Htet Aung, Zhiying Qi, Yue Niu and Yao Guo
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1749; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111749 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1080
Abstract
Flexible electronics have enormous potential for applications that are not achievable in standard electronics. In particular, important technological advances have been made in terms of their performance characteristics and potential range of applications, ranging from medical care, packaging, lighting and signage, consumer electronics, [...] Read more.
Flexible electronics have enormous potential for applications that are not achievable in standard electronics. In particular, important technological advances have been made in terms of their performance characteristics and potential range of applications, ranging from medical care, packaging, lighting and signage, consumer electronics, and alternative energy. In this study, we develop a novel method for fabricating flexible conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) films on various substrates. The fabricated conductive CNT films exhibited satisfactory conductivity, flexibility, and durability. The conductivity of the conductive CNT film was maintained at the same level of sheet resistance after bending cycles. The fabrication process is dry, solution-free, and convenient for mass production. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that CNTs were uniformly dispersed over the substrate. The prepared conductive CNT film was applied to collect an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, which showed good performance compared to traditional electrodes. The conductive CNT film determined the long-term stability of the electrodes under bending or other mechanical stresses. The well-demonstrated fabrication process for flexible conductive CNT films has great potential in the field of bioelectronics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics)
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15 pages, 3965 KiB  
Article
Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Films Based on NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles in a Polymeric Matrix for Applications in Organic Electronics
by María Elena Sánchez Vergara, María José Agraz Rentería, América R. Vázquez-Olmos, Karen L. Rincón-Granados, José Ramón Álvarez Bada and Roberto Y. Sato-Berrú
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(9), 1525; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13091525 - 30 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1714
Abstract
Hybrid films for applications in organic electronics from NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) in poly(3,4 ethylene dioxythiophene), poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were fabricated by the spin-coating technique. The films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, [...] Read more.
Hybrid films for applications in organic electronics from NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) in poly(3,4 ethylene dioxythiophene), poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were fabricated by the spin-coating technique. The films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy to subsequently determine their optical parameters. The electronic transport of the hybrid films was determined in bulk heterojunction devices. The presence of NiFe2O4 NPs reinforces mechanical properties and increases transmittance in the hybrid films; the PEDOT:PSS-NiFe2O4 NPs film is the one that has a maximum stress of 28 MPa and a Knoop hardness of 0.103, while the PMMA-NiFe2O4 NPs film has the highest transmittance of (87%). The Tauc band gap is in the range of 3.78–3.9 eV, and the Urbach energy is in the range of 0.24–0.33 eV. Regarding electrical behavior, the main effect is exerted by the matrix, although the current carried is of the same order of magnitude for the two devices: glass/ITO/polymer-NiFe2O4 NPs/Ag. NiFe2O4 NPs enhance the mechanical, optical, and electrical behavior of the hybrid films and can be used as semi-transparent anodes and as active layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics)
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13 pages, 5152 KiB  
Article
Improving the Performance of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Using an Asymmetric TiO2/PDMS Composite Layer
by Qingyang Zhou, Ryuto Takita and Takashi Ikuno
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050832 - 23 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2141
Abstract
To improve the output power of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), we fabricated an asymmetric TiO2/PDMS composite film in which a pure PDMS thin film was deposited as a capping layer on a TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)-embedded PDMS composite film. [...] Read more.
To improve the output power of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), we fabricated an asymmetric TiO2/PDMS composite film in which a pure PDMS thin film was deposited as a capping layer on a TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)-embedded PDMS composite film. Although in the absence of the capping layer, the output power decreased when the content of TiO2 NPs exceeded a certain value, the asymmetric TiO2/PDMS composite films showed that the output power increased with increasing content. The maximum output power density was approximately 0.28 W/m2 at a TiO2 content of 20 vol.%. The capping layer could be responsible not only for maintaining the high dielectric constant of the composite film but also for suppressing interfacial recombination. To further improve the output power, we applied a corona discharge treatment to the asymmetric film and measured the output power at a measurement frequency of 5 Hz. The maximum output power density was approximately 78 W/m2. The idea of the asymmetric geometry of the composite film should be applicable to various combinations of materials for TENGs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics)
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Graphical abstract

12 pages, 2729 KiB  
Article
An Ultra-Sensitive and Multifunctional Electronic Skin with Synergetic Network of Graphene and CNT
by Yu Wang, Tian-Rui Cui, Guang-Yang Gou, Xiao-Shi Li, Yan-Cong Qiao, Ding Li, Jian-Dong Xu, Yi-Zhe Guo, He Tian, Yi Yang and Tian-Ling Ren
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010179 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1615
Abstract
Electronic skin (e-skin) has attracted tremendous interest due to its diverse potential applications, including in physiological signal detection, health monitoring, and artificial throats. However, the major drawbacks of traditional e-skin are the weak adhesion of substrates, incompatibility between sensitivity and stretchability, and its [...] Read more.
Electronic skin (e-skin) has attracted tremendous interest due to its diverse potential applications, including in physiological signal detection, health monitoring, and artificial throats. However, the major drawbacks of traditional e-skin are the weak adhesion of substrates, incompatibility between sensitivity and stretchability, and its single function. These shortcomings limit the application of e-skin and increase the complexity of its multifunctional integration. Herein, the synergistic network of crosslinked SWCNTs within and between multilayered graphene layers was directly drip coated onto the PU thin film with self-adhesion to fabricate versatile e-skin. The excellent mechanical properties of prepared e-skin arise from the sufficient conductive paths guaranteed by SWCNTs in small and large deformation under various strains. The prepared e-skin exhibits a low detection limit, as small as 0.5% strain, and compatibility between sensitivity and stretchability with a gauge factor (GF) of 964 at a strain of 0–30%, and 2743 at a strain of 30–60%. In physiological signals detection application, the e-skin demonstrates the detection of subtle motions, such as artery pulse and blinking, as well as large body motions, such as knee joint bending, elbow movement, and neck movement. In artificial throat application, the e-skin integrates sound recognition and sound emitting and shows clear and distinct responses between different throat muscle movements and different words for sound signal acquisition and recognition, in conjunction with superior sound emission performance with a sound spectrum response of 71 dB (f = 12.5 kHz). Overall, the presented comprehensive study of novel materials, structures, properties, and mechanisms offers promising potential in physiological signals detection and artificial throat applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for Flexible Electronics)
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