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Nanomaterials
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Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application
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Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 9545

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Duo Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: nanophotonics; SERS; nanobiosensor; nanomaterials; optical sensing device
Dr. Kien Voon Kong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: nanochemistry; biochemistry; biosensing and bioimaging; SERS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The synergy of nanotechnology with photonics, or nanophotonics, has recently attracted considerable attention due to the wide frontier applications in the field of biomedicine, especially cancer diagnosis and therapy. With the unique photophysical and photochemical properties, various optical biosensors based on the surface plasmon resonance, electrochemiluminescence, fluorescence, absorbance or reflectance have been developed for the sensitive detection of biomarkers for the early cancer screening. Moreover, photoresponsive nanotechnologies such as photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, photoimmunotherapy and light-triggered drug delivery pave the way for the development of photo-driven nanotherapy technologies. Furthermore, the integration of optical diagnosis and therapy technologies, such as photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging, provides a smart and efficient nanoformulation to meet the challenges in personalized precise medicine.

This Special Issue invites contributions in the form of original research articles and review articles. The key topics of this Special Issue include but are not limited to the principles, technologies, devices and systems, such as:

  • Optical nanobiosensing technologies, including surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, luminescence, photoacoustic imaging;
  • Optical nanotherapeutic technologies, such as photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, photoimmunotherapy and light-triggered drug delivery;
  • Synthesis and biomedical applications of photoresponsive nanomaterials and nanoprobes
  • Cancer liquid biopsy based on nanophotonic technology;
  • Photo-driven nanotheranostics;
  • Biomedical applications based on nanophotonic devices.

Prof. Dr. Duo Lin
Dr. Kien Voon Kong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanophotonics
  • optical nanobiosensor
  • optical nanothenonostics
  • nanomedicine
  • surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
  • fluorescence
  • photoacoustic imaging
  • photothermal therapy
  • photodynamic therapy

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3685 KiB  
Article
Fast Synthesis of Au Nanoparticles on Metal–Phenolic Network for Sweat SERS Analysis
by Xiaoying Zhang, Xin Wang, Mengling Ning, Peng Wang, Wen Wang, Xiaozhou Zhang, Zhiming Liu, Yanjiao Zhang and Shaoxin Li
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2977; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172977 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1735
Abstract
The biochemical composition of sweat is closely related to the human physiological state, which provides a favorable window for the monitoring of human health status, especially for the athlete. Herein, an ultra-simple strategy based on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique for sweat [...] Read more.
The biochemical composition of sweat is closely related to the human physiological state, which provides a favorable window for the monitoring of human health status, especially for the athlete. Herein, an ultra-simple strategy based on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique for sweat analysis is established. Metal–phenolic network (MPN), an outstanding organic-inorganic hybrid material, is adopted as the reductant and platform for the in situ formation of Au-MPN, which displays excellent SERS activity with the limit of detection to 10−15 M for 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA). As an ultrasensitive SERS sensor, Au-MPN is capable of discriminating the molecular fingerprints of sweat components acquired from a volunteer after exercise, such as urea, uric acid, lactic acid, and amino acid. For pH sensing, Au-MPN/4-MBA efficiently presents the pH values of the volunteer’s sweat, which can indicate the electrolyte metabolism during exercise. This MPN-based SERS sensing strategy unlocks a new route for the real-time physiological monitoring of human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application)
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14 pages, 3166 KiB  
Article
Highly Efficient Blood Protein Analysis Using Membrane Purification Technique and Super-Hydrophobic SERS Platform for Precise Screening and Staging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
by Jinyong Lin, Youliang Weng, Xueliang Lin, Sufang Qiu, Zufang Huang, Changbin Pan, Ying Li, Kien Voon Kong, Xianzeng Zhang and Shangyuan Feng
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(15), 2724; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12152724 - 08 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1823
Abstract
Early screening and precise staging are crucial for reducing mortality in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to assess the performance of blood protein surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, combined with deep learning, for the precise detection of NPC. A highly [...] Read more.
Early screening and precise staging are crucial for reducing mortality in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to assess the performance of blood protein surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, combined with deep learning, for the precise detection of NPC. A highly efficient protein SERS analysis, based on a membrane purification technique and super-hydrophobic platform, was developed and applied to blood samples from 1164 subjects, including 225 healthy volunteers, 120 stage I, 249 stage II, 291 stage III, and 279 stage IV NPC patients. The proteins were rapidly purified from only 10 µL of blood plasma using the membrane purification technique. Then, the super-hydrophobic platform was prepared to pre-concentrate tiny amounts of proteins by forming a uniform deposition to provide repeatable SERS spectra. A total of 1164 high-quality protein SERS spectra were rapidly collected using a self-developed macro-Raman system. A convolutional neural network-based deep-learning algorithm was used to classify the spectra. An accuracy of 100% was achieved for distinguishing between the healthy and NPC groups, and accuracies of 96%, 96%, 100%, and 100% were found for the differential classification among the four NPC stages. This study demonstrated the great promise of SERS- and deep-learning-based blood protein testing for rapid, non-invasive, and precise screening and staging of NPC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application)
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10 pages, 1930 KiB  
Article
In Situ Identification of Unknown Crystals in Acute Kidney Injury Using Raman Spectroscopy
by Youjia Yu, Qiaoyan Jiang, Hua Wan, Rong Li, Yang Sun, Zhiwei Zhang, Zhengsheng Mao, Yue Cao and Feng Chen
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(14), 2395; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12142395 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1588
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a well-established and powerful tool for in situ biomolecular evaluation. Type 2 crystal nephropathies are characterized by the deposition of crystalline materials in the tubular lumen, resulting in rapid onset of acute kidney injury without specific symptoms. Timely crystal identification [...] Read more.
Raman spectroscopy is a well-established and powerful tool for in situ biomolecular evaluation. Type 2 crystal nephropathies are characterized by the deposition of crystalline materials in the tubular lumen, resulting in rapid onset of acute kidney injury without specific symptoms. Timely crystal identification is essential for its diagnosis, mechanism exploration and therapy, but remains challenging. This study aims to develop a Raman spectroscopy-based method to assist pathological diagnosis of type 2 crystal nephropathies. Unknown crystals in renal tissue slides from a victim suffered extensive burn injury were detected by Raman spectroscopy, and the inclusion of crystals was determined by comparing Raman data with established database. Multiple crystals were scanned to verify the reproducibility of crystal in situ. Raman data of 20 random crystals were obtained, and the distribution and uniformity of substances in crystals were investigated by Raman imaging. A mouse model was established to mimic the crystal nephropathy to verify the availability of Raman spectroscopy in frozen biopsy. All crystals on the human slides were identified to be calcium oxalate dihydrate, and the distribution and content of calcium oxalate dihydrate on a single crystal were uneven. Raman spectroscopy was further validated to be available in identification of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals in the biopsy specimens. Here, a Raman spectroscopy-based method for in situ identification of unknown crystals in both paraffin-embedded tissues and biopsy specimens was established, providing an effective and promising method to analyze unknown crystals in tissues and assist the precise pathological diagnosis in both clinical and forensic medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application)
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16 pages, 3214 KiB  
Article
Promising Colloidal Rhenium Disulfide Nanosheets: Preparation and Applications for In Vivo Breast Cancer Therapy
by Yiwan Song, Yufeng Yuan, Xiao Peng, Zheng Peng, Hao Liu, Yingxin Zhou, Xiaoying Zhang, Feifan Zhou, Jun Song and Junle Qu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(11), 1937; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12111937 - 06 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2079
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has become an important therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cancer. However, exploring novel photothermal nanomaterials with satisfactory biocompatibility, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and efficient theranostic outcomes, remains a major challenge for satisfying clinical application. In this study, poly-ethylene glycol [...] Read more.
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has become an important therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cancer. However, exploring novel photothermal nanomaterials with satisfactory biocompatibility, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and efficient theranostic outcomes, remains a major challenge for satisfying clinical application. In this study, poly-ethylene glycol modified rhenium disulfide (PEG-ReS2) nanosheets are constructed by a simple-liquid phase exfoliation method. The PEG-ReS2 nanosheets were demonstrated to have good solubility, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and strong capability of accumulating near-infrared (NIR) photons. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, the PEG-ReS2 nanosheets were found to have an excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE) of 42%. Moreover, the PEG-ReS2 nanosheets were demonstrated to be ideal photothermal transduction agents (PTAs), which promoted rapid cancer cell death in vitro and efficiently ablated tumors in vivo. Interestingly, the potential utility of up-regulation or down-regulation of miRNAs was proposed to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of PEG-ReS2 nanosheets. The expression levels of a set of miRNAs in tumor-bearing mice were restored to normal levels after PTT therapy with PEG-ReS2 nanosheets. Both down-regulation miRNAs (miR-125a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-132-3p, and miR-148b-3p) and up-regulation miRNAs (miR-133a-3p, miR-200c-5p, miR-9-3p, and miR-150-3p) were suggested to be important clinical biomarkers for evaluating therapeutic outcomes of breast cancer-related PTT. This work highlights the great significance of PEG-ReS2 nanosheets as therapeutic nanoagents for cancer therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application)
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Review

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15 pages, 5283 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Photoacoustic Agents for Theranostic Applications
by Seongyi Han, Tsedendamba Ninjbadgar, Mijeong Kang, Chulhong Kim and Jeesu Kim
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 695; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040695 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1636
Abstract
Photoacoustic agents are widely used in various theranostic applications. By evaluating the biodistribution obtained from photoacoustic images, the effectiveness of theranostic agents in terms of their delivery efficiency and treatment responses can be analyzed. Through this study, we evaluate and summarize the recent [...] Read more.
Photoacoustic agents are widely used in various theranostic applications. By evaluating the biodistribution obtained from photoacoustic images, the effectiveness of theranostic agents in terms of their delivery efficiency and treatment responses can be analyzed. Through this study, we evaluate and summarize the recent advances in photoacoustic-guided phototherapy, particularly in photothermal and photodynamic therapy. This overview can guide the future directions for theranostic development. Because of the recent applications of photoacoustic imaging in clinical trials, theranostic agents with photoacoustic monitoring have the potential to be translated into the clinical world. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Nanotechnology for Biomedical Application)
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