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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics
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Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 8492

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Leu-Wei Lo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
Interests: nanomedicine; nanotheranostics; biophotonics; drug targeted delivery and controlled release; molecular imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ultimate goal of nano and materials science world is to develop unique nanomaterials with optimal properties for biophotonics applications such as advanced molecular bioimaging for predicting prognosis and super-resolution imaging to reveal the cell-nanoparticle interactions; nano-biosensors; and application of light for depth limiless phototherapeutics. Recently, optical nanomaterials have drawn considerable attention owing to their unique fluorescence or luminescence emissions that can aid disease diagnosis, enabling treatment planning. In addition, significant achievements in phototherapy, including photodynamic and photothermal therapies, to treat deep seated tumors have also been attained.

The Special Issue will highlight the extraordinary works on modern photonics research in biomedicine, focusing on optical properties of nanomaterials, nanofabrication, advanced imaging techniques, nano-biosensors; oncology, and photomodulation therapies. We welcome original research articles and reviews that highlight the status-quo of research developments in nanomaterials for biophotonics. You are cordially invited to contribute to this Special Issue by sending your articles to be considered for publication.

Prof. Dr. Leu-Wei Lo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Therapeutic biophotonics
  • Diagnostic biophotonics
  • Super-resolution imaging
  • Molecular imaging
  • Nanophotonics
  • Nano-biosensors
  • Nanomaterials
  • Nanotheranostics
  • Photoacoustic imaging
  • Phototherapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3738 KiB  
Article
Harnessing Nuclear Energy to Gold Nanoparticles for the Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy of Glioblastoma
by Jui-Ping Li, Yu-Cheng Kuo, Wei-Neng Liao, Ya-Ting Yang, Sih-Yu Chen, Yu-Ting Chien, Kuo-Hung Wu, Mei-Ya Wang, Fong-In Chou, Mo-Hsiung Yang, Dueng-Yuan Hueng, Chung-Shi Yang and Jen-Kun Chen
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(21), 2821; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13212821 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1104
Abstract
Nuclear fission reactions can release massive amounts of energy accompanied by neutrons and γ photons, which create a mixed radiation field and enable a series of reactions in nuclear reactors. This study demonstrates a one-pot/one-step approach to synthesizing radioactive gold nanoparticles (RGNP) without [...] Read more.
Nuclear fission reactions can release massive amounts of energy accompanied by neutrons and γ photons, which create a mixed radiation field and enable a series of reactions in nuclear reactors. This study demonstrates a one-pot/one-step approach to synthesizing radioactive gold nanoparticles (RGNP) without using radioactive precursors and reducing agents. Trivalent gold ions are reduced into gold nanoparticles (8.6–146 nm), and a particular portion of 197Au atoms is simultaneously converted to 198Au atoms, rendering the nanoparticles radioactive. We suggest that harnessing nuclear energy to gold nanoparticles is feasible in the interests of advancing nanotechnology for cancer therapy. A combination of RGNP applied through convection-enhanced delivery (CED) and temozolomide (TMZ) through oral administration demonstrates the synergistic effect in treating glioblastoma-bearing mice. The mean survival for RGNP/TMZ treatment was 68.9 ± 9.7 days compared to that for standalone RGNP (38.4 ± 2.2 days) or TMZ (42.8 ± 2.5 days) therapies. Based on the verification of bioluminescence images, positron emission tomography, and immunohistochemistry inspection, the combination treatment can inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma, highlighting the niche of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) attributed to RGNP and TMZ. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics)
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18 pages, 7771 KiB  
Article
Illuminating and Radiosensitizing Tumors with 2DG-Bound Gold-Based Nanomedicine for Targeted CT Imaging and Therapy
by Maharajan Sivasubramanian, Chia-Hui Chu, Yu Hsia, Nai-Tzu Chen, Meng-Ting Cai, Lih Shin Tew, Yao-Chen Chuang, Chin-Tu Chen, Bulent Aydogan, Lun-De Liao and Leu-Wei Lo
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1790; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111790 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1410
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is one of the most important curative treatments for cancer, its clinical application is associated with undesired therapeutic effects on normal or healthy tissues. The use of targeted agents that can simultaneously achieve therapeutic and imaging functions could constitute a potential [...] Read more.
Although radiotherapy is one of the most important curative treatments for cancer, its clinical application is associated with undesired therapeutic effects on normal or healthy tissues. The use of targeted agents that can simultaneously achieve therapeutic and imaging functions could constitute a potential solution. Herein, we developed 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG)-labeled poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) gold nanodots (2DG-PEG-AuD) as a tumor-targeted computed tomography (CT) contrast agent and radiosensitizer. The key advantages of the design are its biocompatibility and targeted AuD with excellent sensitivity in tumor detection via avid glucose metabolism. As a consequence, CT imaging with enhanced sensitivity and remarkable radiotherapeutic efficacy could be attained. Our synthesized AuD displayed linear enhancement of CT contrast as a function of its concentration. In addition, 2DG-PEG-AuD successfully demonstrated significant augmentation of CT contrast in both in vitro cell studies and in vivo tumor-bearing mouse models. In tumor-bearing mice, 2DG-PEG-AuD showed excellent radiosensitizing functions after intravenous injection. Results from this work indicate that 2DG-PEG-AuD could greatly potentiate theranostic capabilities by providing high-resolution anatomical and functional images in a single CT scan and therapeutic capability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics)
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Review

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15 pages, 2293 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Metal-Based NanoEnhancers for Particle Therapy
by Yao-Chen Chuang, Ping-Hsiu Wu, Yao-An Shen, Chia-Chun Kuo, Wei-Jun Wang, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsin-Lun Lee and Jeng-Fong Chiou
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(6), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13061011 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1952
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic regimens for cancer treatment. Over the past decade, proton therapy (PT) has emerged as an advanced type of radiotherapy (RT) that uses proton beams instead of conventional photon RT. Both PT and carbon-ion beam therapy [...] Read more.
Radiotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic regimens for cancer treatment. Over the past decade, proton therapy (PT) has emerged as an advanced type of radiotherapy (RT) that uses proton beams instead of conventional photon RT. Both PT and carbon-ion beam therapy (CIBT) exhibit excellent therapeutic results because of the physical characteristics of the resulting Bragg peaks, which has been exploited for cancer treatment in medical centers worldwide. Although particle therapies show significant advantages to photon RT by minimizing the radiation damage to normal tissue after the tumors, they still cause damage to normal tissue before the tumor. Since the physical mechanisms are different from particle therapy and photon RT, efforts have been made to ameliorate these effects by combining nanomaterials and particle therapies to improve tumor targeting by concentrating the radiation effects. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit many unique properties, such as strong X-ray absorption cross-sections and catalytic activity, and they are considered nano-radioenhancers (NREs) for RT. In this review, we systematically summarize the putative mechanisms involved in NRE-induced radioenhancement in particle therapy and the experimental results in in vitro and in vivo models. We also discuss the potential of translating preclinical metal-based NP-enhanced particle therapy studies into clinical practice using examples of several metal-based NREs, such as SPION, Abraxane, AGuIX, and NBTXR3. Furthermore, the future challenges and development of NREs for PT are presented for clinical translation. Finally, we propose a roadmap to pursue future studies to strengthen the interplay of particle therapy and nanomedicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics)
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30 pages, 10470 KiB  
Review
X-ray Activated Nanoplatforms for Deep Tissue Photodynamic Therapy
by Jeffrey S. Souris, Lara Leoni, Hannah J. Zhang, Ariel Pan, Eve Tanios, Hsiu-Ming Tsai, Irina V. Balyasnikova, Marc Bissonnette and Chin-Tu Chen
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040673 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3208
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the use of light to excite photosensitive molecules whose electronic relaxation drives the production of highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), has proven an effective means of oncotherapy. However, its application has been severely constrained to superficial tissues and those [...] Read more.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the use of light to excite photosensitive molecules whose electronic relaxation drives the production of highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), has proven an effective means of oncotherapy. However, its application has been severely constrained to superficial tissues and those readily accessed either endoscopically or laparoscopically, due to the intrinsic scattering and absorption of photons by intervening tissues. Recent advances in the design of nanoparticle-based X-ray scintillators and photosensitizers have enabled hybridization of these moieties into single nanocomposite particles. These nanoplatforms, when irradiated with diagnostic doses and energies of X-rays, produce large quantities of ROS and permit, for the first time, non-invasive deep tissue PDT of tumors with few of the therapeutic limitations or side effects of conventional PDT. In this review we examine the underlying principles and evolution of PDT: from its initial and still dominant use of light-activated, small molecule photosensitizers that passively accumulate in tumors, to its latest development of X-ray-activated, scintillator–photosensitizer hybrid nanoplatforms that actively target cancer biomarkers. Challenges and potential remedies for the clinical translation of these hybrid nanoplatforms and X-ray PDT are also presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials for Biophotonics: Prognosis and Therapeutics)
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