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State-of-the-Art Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction: Advantages and Applications
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State-of-the-Art Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction: Advantages and Applications

A special issue of Methods and Protocols (ISSN 2409-9279).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 3911

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mario Vincenzo Russo

E-Mail Website
Leading Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy
Interests: separation sciences; GC-MS; SPE; microextraction; analytical chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pasquale Avino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA), University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy
Interests: phthalates; bisphenol-A; plasticizers; microplastics; environment; human health; endocrine disruptors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Introduced by Rezaee and his co-workers in 2006, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction has quickly developed worldwide due to its characteristics, such as the fact that it is rapid, cheap, easy to operate, and has high recoveries and very good enrichment factors. The method is based on the addition of an immiscible solvent to an aqueous sample for the extraction step, along with a dispersant solvent, which increases the contact between the two immiscible solvents. Recently, different modifications have been proposed for making this method more similar to green chemistry. Simultaneously, the coupling of chromatographic techniques facilitates its applications, which are currently expanding. They cover many aspects of life sciences, e.g., food, beverages, the environment.

This Special Issue aims to present the state-of-the-art of this methodology, with particular regard to the theoretical aspects, applications, future perspectives, and advantages with respect to other extraction methods. Further, applications based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) are the focal point of this issue, both in the life science fields and in different technological areas.

Prof. Dr. Pasquale Avino
Prof. Dr. Mario Vincenzo Russo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Methods and Protocols is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • DLLME
  • extraction method
  • enrichment factors
  • comparison
  • chromatographic techniques
  • hyphenated techniques
  • applications to real samples

Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 3866 KiB  
Protocol
Analytical Scheme for Simultaneous Determination of Phthalates and Bisphenol A in Honey Samples Based on Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by GC-IT/MS. Effect of the Thermal Stress on PAE/BP-A Levels
by Ivan Notardonato, Sergio Passarella, Giuseppe Ianiri, Cristina Di Fiore, Mario Vincenzo Russo and Pasquale Avino
Methods Protoc. 2020, 3(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/mps3010023 - 24 Mar 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3195
Abstract
In this paper, an analytical protocol was developed for the simultaneous determination of phthalates (di-methyl phthalate DMP, di-ethyl phthalate DEP, di-isobutyl phthalate DiBP, di-n-butyl phthalate DBP, bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate DEHP, di-n-octyl phthalate DNOP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The extraction technique [...] Read more.
In this paper, an analytical protocol was developed for the simultaneous determination of phthalates (di-methyl phthalate DMP, di-ethyl phthalate DEP, di-isobutyl phthalate DiBP, di-n-butyl phthalate DBP, bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate DEHP, di-n-octyl phthalate DNOP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The extraction technique used was the ultrasound vortex assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UVA-DLLME). The method involves analyte extraction using 75 µL of benzene and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography combined with ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS). The method is sensitive, reliable, and reproducible with a limit of detection (LOD) below 13 ng g−1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) below 22 ng g−1 and the intra- and inter-day errors below 7.2 and 9.3, respectively. The method developed and validated was applied to six honey samples (i.e., four single-use commercial ones and two home-made ones. Some phthalates were found in the samples at concentrations below the specific migration limits (SMLs). Furthermore, the commercial samples were subjected to two different thermal stresses (24 h and 48 h at 40 °C) for evidence of the release of plastic from the containers. An increase in the phthalate concentrations was observed, especially during the first phase of the shock, but the levels were still within the limits of the regulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction: Advantages and Applications)
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