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Molecules
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Oxidative Stress as a Pharmacological Target for Medicinal Chemistry II
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Oxidative Stress as a Pharmacological Target for Medicinal Chemistry II

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2023) | Viewed by 4676

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Istvan Bak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Bioanalytical Chemistry Division of Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: oxidative stress; antioxidants; ROS/RNS; flavonoids; chromones; mass spectrometry; antioxidant enzymes; metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Attila Kiss

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: hyphenated techniques; organic synthesis; heterocyclic chemistry; separation; extraction; purification
Dr. Istvan Lekli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: heart; ischemia/reperfusion; heme oxygenase-1; autophagy; natural antioxidants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite intensive research worldwide, there is a constant increase in the number of patients suffering from any kind of oxidative-stress-related disease, including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, or cardiovascular disorders. The effective modulation of oxidative stress is essential in the prevention, delay, and/or treatment of these types of pathologies.

This Special Issue may cover all aspects of oxidative-stress-related research. Original research papers as well as review articles are welcomed on the synthesis/extraction and structural analysis of possible new antioxidants, their biological evaluation, and mechanisms of action. Furthermore, studies of new exogenous or endogenous modulators of oxidative stress in different oxidative-stress-related disease models are also welcomed.

Dr. Istvan Bak
Dr. Attila Kiss
Dr. Istvan Lekli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • ROS/RNS
  • lipid peroxidation
  • antioxidants
  • antioxidant enzymes
  • iron
  • ferroptosis
  • autophagy
  • synthesis
  • extraction
  • pharmacology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 7159 KiB  
Article
(Pro)Renin Receptor Decoy Peptide PRO20 Protects against Oxidative Renal Damage Induced by Advanced Oxidation Protein Products
by Hui Fang, Teng Yang, Baolong Zhou and Xinxuan Li
Molecules 2023, 28(7), 3017; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073017 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1193
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). A recent study has shown that AOPP-induced renal tubular injury is mediated by the (pro)renin receptor (PRR). However, it is unclear whether the PRR decoy inhibitor PRO20 can protect against renal [...] Read more.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). A recent study has shown that AOPP-induced renal tubular injury is mediated by the (pro)renin receptor (PRR). However, it is unclear whether the PRR decoy inhibitor PRO20 can protect against renal damage related to AOPPs in vivo. In this study, we examined the role of the PRR in rats with AOPP-induced renal oxidative damage. Male SD rats were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy, and after a four-day recuperation period, they were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6/group) for four weeks: control (CTR), unmodified rat serum albumin (RSA, 50 mg/kg/day via tail-vein injection), AOPPs-RSA (50 mg/kg/day via tail-vein injection), and AOPPs-RSA + PRO20 (50 mg/kg/day via tail-vein injection + 500 μg/kg/day via subcutaneous injection) groups. PRO20 was administered 3 days before AOPPs-RSA injection. Renal histopathology evaluation was performed by periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining, and biochemical parameters related to renal injury and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. The expression of related indicators was quantified by RT-qPCR and immunoblotting analysis. In the results, rats in the AOPPs-RSA group exhibited higher levels of albuminuria, inflammatory cell infiltration, and tubular dilation, along with upregulation of oxidative stress, profibrotic and proinflammatory factors, and elevation of AOPP levels. Meanwhile, in the PRO20 group, these were significantly reduced. Moreover, the levels of almost all components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and Nox4-dependent H2O2 production in urine and the kidneys were elevated by AOPPs-RSA, while they were suppressed by PRO20. Furthermore, AOPPs-RSA rats showed elevated kidney expression of the PRR and soluble PRR (sPRR) and increased renal excretion of sPRR. In summary, these findings suggest that PRR inhibition may serve as a protective mechanism against AOPP-induced nephropathy by inhibiting the intrarenal RAS and Nox4-derived H2O2 mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress as a Pharmacological Target for Medicinal Chemistry II)
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17 pages, 4596 KiB  
Article
A Peptide HEPFYGNEGALR from Apostichopus japonicus Alleviates Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury by Enhancing Antioxidant Response in Male C57BL/6J Mice
by Qiliang Zhu, Huiling Zhuo, Lamei Yang, Haohong Ouyang, Jun Chen, Bing Liu and Hongliang Huang
Molecules 2022, 27(18), 5839; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27185839 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2012
Abstract
Liver-related disease caused by alcohol is a frequent disorder of the hepatic tract. Heavy consumption of alcohol in a short period causes oxidative damage to the liver. Sea cucumber is abundant in nutrients and its various extracts have been studied for antioxidant properties. [...] Read more.
Liver-related disease caused by alcohol is a frequent disorder of the hepatic tract. Heavy consumption of alcohol in a short period causes oxidative damage to the liver. Sea cucumber is abundant in nutrients and its various extracts have been studied for antioxidant properties. One peptide was isolated and identified from Apostichopus japonicus in our recent study. We investigated the benefits of the peptide in a model of acute ethanol-induced male C57BL/6J mice. Dietary intake of the peptide could attenuate hepatomegaly, hepatitis and the accumulation of lipid droplets, and increase antioxidant enzyme activities in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. The results indicated that a 20 mg/kg peptide supplement could activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and block the nuclear translocation of NF-κB to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the preventive effects of peptide supplementation may be related to autophagy. This study suggests that dietary supplementation with a sea cucumber-derived peptide is one of the potential candidates to alleviate acute alcoholic liver injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress as a Pharmacological Target for Medicinal Chemistry II)
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Review

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53 pages, 2523 KiB  
Review
Methylglyoxal in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Routes Leading to Pathology Counterbalanced by Treatment Strategies
by Izabela Berdowska, Małgorzata Matusiewicz and Izabela Fecka
Molecules 2023, 28(23), 7742; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237742 - 24 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1163
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the major compound belonging to reactive carbonyl species (RCS) responsible for the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Its upregulation, followed by deleterious effects at the cellular and systemic levels, is associated with metabolic disturbances (hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance/hyperlipidemia/inflammatory processes/carbonyl stress/oxidative [...] Read more.
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the major compound belonging to reactive carbonyl species (RCS) responsible for the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Its upregulation, followed by deleterious effects at the cellular and systemic levels, is associated with metabolic disturbances (hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance/hyperlipidemia/inflammatory processes/carbonyl stress/oxidative stress/hypoxia). Therefore, it is implicated in a variety of disorders, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, an interplay between pathways leading to MGO generation and scavenging is addressed in regard to this system’s impairment in pathology. The issues associated with mechanistic MGO involvement in pathological processes, as well as the discussion on its possible causative role in cardiometabolic diseases, are enclosed. Finally, the main strategies aimed at MGO and its AGEs downregulation with respect to cardiometabolic disorders treatment are addressed. Potential glycation inhibitors and MGO scavengers are discussed, as well as the mechanisms of their action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress as a Pharmacological Target for Medicinal Chemistry II)
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