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Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 17470

Special Issue Editors

Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)—Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Interests: citrus bioactive compounds; recovery of high value compounds from fruit processing wastes; mild food processing; quality of foods; traceability of organic food productions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, 36 Rakowiecka Street, 02532 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: fruits; vegetables; emerging techniques; food processing and preservation; bioaccessibility and bioavailability; high-pressure processing; high-pressure homogenization; high-pressure carbon dioxide; ultrasounds; microwaves; food chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, SAAF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Build 4-I, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: fruit quality; horticultural physiology and preservation recovery of high value compounds from food processing wastes; fruit processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Mediterranean diet is recognized worldwide as being associated with a lower risk of cancer, heart disease, and stroke. This lower risk is universally ascribed to the high intake of vegetables and fruits and, thus, high ingestion of phytochemicals. At present, there is a great interest in the development of new nutraceuticals of natural origin to be employed within the pharmaceutical field and/or as dietary supplements. For instance, the agri-food industry produces a large amount of waste, which can be conveniently used for the recovery of valuable health-promoting compounds to be used as natural ingredients.

Therefore, this Special Issue of Molecules is dedicated to original research and review articles that cover the latest findings on new extraction techniques for the recovery of bioactive constituents from fruit and/or vegetables, chemical characterization of phytoextracts with valuable biological activity, in vivo tests and in vitro bioassays to support biological activity of purified compounds, and complex extracts and/or combined extracts derived from different matrices. Studies aimed at the valorization of bioactive extracts derived from traditional or ancient plant and/or fruit species are also welcome.

Dr. Simona Fabroni
Dr. Krystian Marszałek
Dr. Aldo Todaro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bioactive constituents
  • phytoextract
  • biological activity
  • natural products
  • natural compounds
  • marine compounds
  • herbals
  • phytochemicals

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Published Papers (11 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

16 pages, 3920 KiB  
Article
Chemical Comparison and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors of Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma and Dioscoreae Spongiosae Rhizoma by Chemometric Analysis and Spectrum–Effect Relationship
by Guo Rui, Zhang-Yi Qin, Ya-Qing Chang, Yu-Guang Zheng, Dan Zhang, Li-Min Yao and Long Guo
Molecules 2023, 28(24), 8116; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248116 - 15 Dec 2023
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Dioscoreae hypoglaucae Rhizoma (DH) and Dioscoreae spongiosae Rhizoma (DS) are two similar Chinese herbal medicines derived from the Dioscorea family. DH and DS have been used as medicines in China and other Asian countries for a long time, but study on their phytochemicals [...] Read more.
Dioscoreae hypoglaucae Rhizoma (DH) and Dioscoreae spongiosae Rhizoma (DS) are two similar Chinese herbal medicines derived from the Dioscorea family. DH and DS have been used as medicines in China and other Asian countries for a long time, but study on their phytochemicals and bioactive composition is limited. This present study aimed to compare the chemical compositions of DH and DS, and explore the anti-xanthine oxidase components based on chemometric analysis and spectrum–effect relationship. Firstly, an HPLC method was used to establish the chemical fingerprints of DH and DS samples, and nine common peaks were selected. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were employed to compare and discriminate DH and DS samples based on the fingerprints data, and four steroidal saponins compounds (protodioscin, protogracillin, dioscin, gracillin) could be chemical markers responsible for the differences between DH and DS. Meanwhile, the anti-xanthine oxidase activities of these two herbal medicines were evaluated by xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay in vitro. Pearson correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis were subsequently used to investigate the spectrum–effect relationship between chemical fingerprints and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. The results showed that four steroidal saponins, including protodioscin, protogracillin, methyl protodioscin and pseudoprogracillin could be potential anti-xanthine oxidase compounds in DH and DS. Furthermore, the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the four selected inhibitors were validated by anti-xanthine oxidase inhibitory assessment and molecular docking experiments. The present work provided evidence for understanding of the chemical differences and the discovery of the anti-xanthine oxidase constituent of DH and DS, which could be useful for quality evaluation and bioactive components screening of these two herbal medicines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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12 pages, 2453 KiB  
Article
New Meroterpenoid Derivatives from the Pomegranate-Derived Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus
by Alaa Anwar, Mohamed S. Elnaggar, Ahmed M. Elissawy, Nehal Ibrahim, Attila Mándi, Tibor Kurtán, Zhen Liu, Sherweit H. El-Ahmady and Rainer Kalscheuer
Molecules 2023, 28(22), 7650; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227650 - 18 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 918
Abstract
In this study, we report the isolation of two new meroterpenoids, miniolutelide D (1) and miniolutelide E (13-epi-miniolutelide C) (2), along with two meroterpenoidal analogues (3 and 4) and two phenolic compounds (5 and [...] Read more.
In this study, we report the isolation of two new meroterpenoids, miniolutelide D (1) and miniolutelide E (13-epi-miniolutelide C) (2), along with two meroterpenoidal analogues (3 and 4) and two phenolic compounds (5 and 6) from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus derived from Punica granatum fruits. Their structures were elucidated using extensive MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses as well as by comparing with data in the literature. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined using TDDFT-ECD calculations. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated. Compound 5 displayed significant activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 700699 and moderate activity against S. aureus strain ATCC 29213. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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13 pages, 3399 KiB  
Article
Amino Acid Derivatives of Ginsenoside AD-2 Induce HepG2 Cell Apoptosis by Affecting the Cytoskeleton
by Lizhen Lin, Yuqing Zhao, Peng Wang, Tao Li, Yuhang Liang, Yu Chen, Xianyi Meng, Yudong Zhang and Guangyue Su
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7400; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217400 - 02 Nov 2023
Viewed by 762
Abstract
AD-2 (20(R)-dammarane-3β, 12β, 20, 25-tetrol, 25-OH-PPD) was structurally modified to introduce additional amino groups, which can better exert its anti-tumor effects in MCF-7, A549, LoVo, HCT-116, HT -29, and U-87 cell lines. We investigated the cellular activity of 15 different AD-2 amino acid [...] Read more.
AD-2 (20(R)-dammarane-3β, 12β, 20, 25-tetrol, 25-OH-PPD) was structurally modified to introduce additional amino groups, which can better exert its anti-tumor effects in MCF-7, A549, LoVo, HCT-116, HT -29, and U-87 cell lines. We investigated the cellular activity of 15 different AD-2 amino acid derivatives on HepG2 cells and the possible mechanism of action of the superior derivative 6b. An MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of the derivatives. Western blotting was used to study the signaling pathways. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and ghost pen peptide staining was used to identify the changes in the cytoskeleton. The AD-2 amino acid derivatives have a better cytotoxic effect on the HepG2 cells than AD-2, which may be achieved by promoting the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and influencing the cytoskeleton. The derivative 6b shows obvious anti-HepG2 cells activity through affecting the expression of apoptotic proteins such as MDM2, P-p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3, Cleaved Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and NSD2. According to the above findings, the amino acid derivatives of AD-2 may be developed as HepG2 cytotoxic therapeutic drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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20 pages, 6970 KiB  
Article
Exhausted Grape Seed Residues as a Valuable Source of Antioxidant Molecules for the Formulation of Biocompatible Cosmetic Scrubs
by Yara Salem, Hiba N. Rajha, Suhair Sunoqrot, Alaa M. Hammad, Ines Castangia, Maria Manconi, Maria Letizia Manca, Dana Al Lababidi, Joe A. Touma, Richard G. Maroun and Nicolas Louka
Molecules 2023, 28(13), 5049; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135049 - 28 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1184
Abstract
Grape seed of Obeidi, a white Lebanese autochthonous variety, was previously tested in different studies as a valuable source of bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, oils, and proteins by means of extraction procedures for the development of cosmetic and therapeutic products. However, an [...] Read more.
Grape seed of Obeidi, a white Lebanese autochthonous variety, was previously tested in different studies as a valuable source of bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, oils, and proteins by means of extraction procedures for the development of cosmetic and therapeutic products. However, an un-valorized, exhausted grape seed residue remains as “secondary waste” after the extraction processes. In this study, the exhausted seeds have been further exploited to produce cosmetic scrubs capable of releasing antioxidant molecules during the exfoliation process, in accordance with the principles of the circular economy and going toward a zero-waste process. The deep characterization of the exhausted seeds confirmed the presence of antioxidant phenolic molecules including gallic acid, catechins and protocatechuic acid (0.13, 0.126, and 0.089 mg/g of dry matter DM), and a high phenolic content (11.85 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dry matter (DM)). Moreover, these residues were shown to possess a sandy texture (Hausner ratio (HR): 1.154, Carr index (CI): 0.133, and angle of repose: 31.62 (°) degrees), similar to commercial natural exfoliants. In this respect, exhausted Obeidi grape seed residues were incorporated at increasing concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% w/w) in a cosmetic scrub, and stored for 5 weeks at 4, 25, and 50 °C for stability testing. All tested scrub formulations exhibited good spreadability with a spread diameter of 3.6–4.7 cm and excellent physical stability, as no phase separation or color change were observed after four cycles of heat shock at 4 and 50 °C. Finally, an in vivo skin irritation test showed that the scrub enriched with 1.5% of exhausted Obeidi grape seed residues was the most promising formulation, as it possessed a high amount of phenolic molecules (0.042 ± 0.001 mg GAE/mL of scrub) and good stability and could be safely applied to the skin with no irritation phenomena. Overall results underlined that exhausted grape seed residues can be transformed into promising systems for both physical and chemical exfoliation, thus confirming the importance of the effective exploitation of agro-industrial by-products for the development of high value cosmeceutics towards a more sustainable and zero-waste approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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16 pages, 2104 KiB  
Article
New Insight on In Vitro Biological Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Ulvophyte Green Algae
by Fahrul Nurkolis, Rudy Kurniawan, Isma Kurniatanty, Moon Nyeo Park, Myunghan Moon, Siti Fatimah, William Ben Gunawan, Reggie Surya, Nurpudji Astuti Taslim, Hangyul Song and Bonglee Kim
Molecules 2023, 28(11), 4531; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114531 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
Green algae are natural bioresources that have excellent bioactive potential, partly due to sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) which are still rarely explored for their biological activities. There is currently an urgent need for studies exploring the anticancer biological activity of SPs extracted from two [...] Read more.
Green algae are natural bioresources that have excellent bioactive potential, partly due to sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) which are still rarely explored for their biological activities. There is currently an urgent need for studies exploring the anticancer biological activity of SPs extracted from two Indonesian ulvophyte green algae: the sulfated polysaccharide of Caulerpa racemosa (SPCr) and the sulfated polysaccharide of Caulerpa lentillifera (SPCl). The method of isolating SPs and their assessment of biological activities in this study were based on previous and similar studies. The highest yield sulfate/total sugar ratio was presented by SPCr than that of SPCl. Overall, SPCr exhibits a strong antioxidant activity, as indicated by smaller EC50 values obtained from a series of antioxidant activity assays compared to the EC50 values of Trolox (control). As an anti-obesity and antidiabetic, the overall EC50 value of both SPs was close to the EC50 of the positive control (orlistat and acarbose). Even more interesting was that SPCl displayed wide-ranging anticancer effects on colorectal, hepatoma, breast cancer cell lines, and leukemia. Finally, this study reveals new insights in that SPs from two Indonesian green algae have the potential to be promising nutraceuticals as novel antioxidative actors, and to be able to fight obesity, diabetes, and even cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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20 pages, 3233 KiB  
Article
Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions
by Ahmed M. A. A. Ramadan, Reda M. Shehata, Hussein H. EL-Sheikh, Fuad Ameen, Steven L. Stephenson, Sabry A. H. Zidan and Osama A. M. Al-Bedak
Molecules 2023, 28(10), 4048; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104048 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2617
Abstract
Using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for identification, three strains of Aspergillus terreus were identified and designated AUMC 15760, AUMC 15762, and AUMC 15763 for the Assiut University Mycological Centre culture collection. The ability of the three strains to manufacture lovastatin in [...] Read more.
Using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for identification, three strains of Aspergillus terreus were identified and designated AUMC 15760, AUMC 15762, and AUMC 15763 for the Assiut University Mycological Centre culture collection. The ability of the three strains to manufacture lovastatin in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The most potent strain was strain AUMC 15760, which was chosen to ferment nine types of lignocellulosic waste (barley bran, bean hay, date palm leaves, flax seeds, orange peels, rice straw, soy bean, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat bran), with sugarcane bagasse turning out to be the best substrate. After 10 days at pH 6.0 at 25 °C using sodium nitrate as the nitrogen source and a moisture content of 70%, the lovastatin output reached its maximum quantity (18.2 mg/g substrate). The medication was produced in lactone form as a white powder in its purest form using column chromatography. In-depth spectroscopy examination, including 1H, 13C-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, optical density, and LC-MS/MS analysis, as well as a comparison of the physical and spectroscopic data with published data, were used to identify the medication. At an IC50 of 69.536 ± 5.73 µM, the purified lovastatin displayed DPPH activity. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had MICs of 1.25 mg/mL, whereas Candida albicans and Candida glabrata had MICs of 2.5 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL, respectively, against pure lovastatin. As a component of sustainable development, this study offers a green (environmentally friendly) method for using sugarcane bagasse waste to produce valuable chemicals and value-added commodities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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20 pages, 3870 KiB  
Article
Semisynthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Barbatic Acid Derivatives as Novel Diuretic Candidates
by Xiang Yu, Yi Sui, Yinkai Xi, Yan Zhang, Guoyong Luo, Yi Long and Wude Yang
Molecules 2023, 28(10), 4010; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104010 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1147
Abstract
Barbatic acid, a compound isolated from lichen, has demonstrated a variety of biological activities. In this study, a series of esters based on barbatic acid (6aq′) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their diuretic and litholytic activity at a [...] Read more.
Barbatic acid, a compound isolated from lichen, has demonstrated a variety of biological activities. In this study, a series of esters based on barbatic acid (6aq′) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their diuretic and litholytic activity at a concentration of 100 μmol/L in vitro. All target compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS, and the spatial structure of compound 6w was confirmed using X-ray crystallography. The biological results showed that some derivatives, including 6c, 6b′, and 6f′, exhibited potent diuretic activity, and 6j and 6m displayed promising litholytic activity. Molecular docking studies further suggested that 6b′ had an optimal binding affinity to WNK1 kinases related to diuresis, while 6j could bind to the bicarbonate transporter CaSR through a variety of forces. These findings indicate that some barbatic acid derivatives could be further developed into novel diuretic agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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10 pages, 859 KiB  
Article
New Isocoumarin and Pyrone Derivatives from the Chinese Mangrove Plant Rhizophora mangle-Associated Fungus Phomopsis sp. DHS-11
by Zhikai Guo, Biting Chen, Dandan Chen, Xiaoling Deng, Jingzhe Yuan, Shiqing Zhang, Zijun Xiong and Jing Xu
Molecules 2023, 28(9), 3756; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093756 - 27 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1115
Abstract
Mangrove-associated fungi are important sources for the discovery of new bioactive natural products. Three new isocoumarins (13) and one new pyrone derivative (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of the mangrove [...] Read more.
Mangrove-associated fungi are important sources for the discovery of new bioactive natural products. Three new isocoumarins (13) and one new pyrone derivative (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. DHS-11. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (one-dimensional and two-dimensional) and mass spectrometry were used to determine the structures of these new compounds. The absolute configurations for the new isocoumarins 13 were determined by comparing their experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, while the configuration for the new pyrone-derivative 4 was tentatively solved by comparison of its 13C NMR data with reported data. In the biological activity test, compounds 1 and 3 showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with IC50 values of 11.49 ± 1.64 µM and 8.70 ± 0.94 µM, respectively. The initial structure and activity relationship (SAR) analysis revealed that the length of the side chain at C-3 for isocoumarin-type compounds 13 could affect the cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. Compound 4 exhibited cytotoxic activities against human hepatoma cells HepG2 with an IC50 value of 34.10 ± 2.92 µM. All compounds have no immunosuppressive activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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15 pages, 2526 KiB  
Article
Carotenoids Composition of Green Algae Caulerpa racemosa and Their Antidiabetic, Anti-Obesity, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
by Rudy Kurniawan, Fahrul Nurkolis, Nurpudji Astuti Taslim, Dionysius Subali, Reggie Surya, William Ben Gunawan, Darmawan Alisaputra, Nelly Mayulu, Netty Salindeho and Bonglee Kim
Molecules 2023, 28(7), 3267; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073267 - 06 Apr 2023
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3197
Abstract
Green alga Caulerpa racemosa is an underexploited species of macroalgae, even though it is characterized by a green color that indicates an abundance of bioactive pigments, such as chlorophyll and possibly xanthophyll. Unlike chlorophyll, which has been well explored, the composition of the [...] Read more.
Green alga Caulerpa racemosa is an underexploited species of macroalgae, even though it is characterized by a green color that indicates an abundance of bioactive pigments, such as chlorophyll and possibly xanthophyll. Unlike chlorophyll, which has been well explored, the composition of the carotenoids of C. racemosa and its biological activities have not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to look at the carotenoid profile and composition of C. racemose and determine their biological activities, which include antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity in vitro. The detected carotenoids were all xanthophylls, which included fucoxanthin, lutein, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin based on orbitrap-mass spectrometry (MS) and a rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) diode array detector. Of the seven carotenoids observed, it should be highlighted that β-carotene and canthaxanthin were the two most dominant carotenoids present in C. racemosa. Interestingly, the carotenoid extract of C. racemosa has good biological activity in inhibiting α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPPH and ABTS, and the TNF-α and mTOR, as well as upregulating the AMPK, which makes it a drug candidate or functional antidiabetic food, a very promising anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory. More interestingly, the cytotoxicity value of the carotenoid extract of C. racemosa shows a level of safety in normal cells, which makes it a potential for the further development of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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13 pages, 1666 KiB  
Article
Phenolic Compounds Contribution to Portuguese Propolis Anti-Melanoma Activity
by Ana Rita Caetano, Rafaela Dias Oliveira, Sónia Pires Celeiro, Ana Sofia Freitas, Susana M. Cardoso, M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves, Fátima Baltazar and Cristina Almeida-Aguiar
Molecules 2023, 28(7), 3107; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073107 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1679
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, with about 61,000 deaths annually worldwide. Late diagnosis increases mortality rates due to melanoma’s capacity to metastasise rapidly and patients’ resistance to the available conventional therapies. Consequently, the interest in natural products as a strategy [...] Read more.
Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, with about 61,000 deaths annually worldwide. Late diagnosis increases mortality rates due to melanoma’s capacity to metastasise rapidly and patients’ resistance to the available conventional therapies. Consequently, the interest in natural products as a strategy for drug discovery has been emerging. Propolis, a natural product produced by bees, has several biological properties, including anticancer effects. Propolis from Gerês is one of the most studied Portuguese propolis. Our group has previously demonstrated that an ethanol extract of Gerês propolis collected in 2018 (G18.EE) and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) decrease melanoma cell viability. Out of all the fractions, G18.EE-n-BuOH showed the highest potential as a melanoma pharmacological therapy. Thus, in this work, G18.EE-n-BuOH was fractioned into 17 subfractions whose effect was evaluated in A375 BRAF-mutated melanoma cells. The subfractions with the highest cytotoxic activity were analysed by UPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn in an attempt to understand which phenolic compounds could account for the anti-melanoma activity. The compounds identified are typical of the Gerês propolis, and some of them have already been linked with antitumor effectiveness. These results reaffirm that propolis compounds can be a source of new drugs and the isolation of compounds could allow its use in traditional medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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Review

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17 pages, 1481 KiB  
Review
Nutraceutical Potential of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seed Oil in Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Obesity and Metabolic Alterations
by Carolina Di Pietro Fernandes, Lidiani Figueiredo Santana, Jair Rosa dos Santos, Dayane Stéphanie Fernandes, Priscila Aiko Hiane, Arnildo Pott, Karine de Cássia Freitas, Danielle Bogo, Valter Aragão do Nascimento, Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú, Marcel Arakaki Asato and Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
Molecules 2023, 28(23), 7811; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237811 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1417
Abstract
Vitis vinifera L. (grapevine) is a perennial plant of the Vitaceae family that is widely used to produce grapes and wines. Grape seed oil is rich in fatty acids such as linoleic acid (65–75%), vitamin E (50 mg), and phytosterols in addition to [...] Read more.
Vitis vinifera L. (grapevine) is a perennial plant of the Vitaceae family that is widely used to produce grapes and wines. Grape seed oil is rich in fatty acids such as linoleic acid (65–75%), vitamin E (50 mg), and phytosterols in addition to phenolic compounds, such as catechins (414 mg), epicatechins (130.4 mg), and gallic acid (77 µg), shows promise as a nutritional compound and is outstanding as a therapeutic substance with active properties for health, detected mainly by in vitro studies, as well as some in vivo studies. The benefits of consuming this oil include modulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory effects, and protection against oxidative cell damage and some types of cancer. However, experimental findings confirm that therapeutic functions remain scarce; thus, more studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of action involved in the indicated therapeutic qualities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery of Bioactive Ingredients from Natural Products IV)
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