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Chromatography and Extraction Techniques for Chemical Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Analytical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 3756

Special Issue Editors

CQM – Centro de Químcia da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, 9000 Funchal, Portugal
Interests: food composition in bioactive compounds; food quality and degradation; markers for food origin and authenticity; microextraction; chromatographic analysis; foodomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
Interests: contaminants; bioactive compounds; natural toxins; miniaturization; microextraction; sample preparation; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; novel sorbents; analytical methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chromatography and extraction are essential techniques in the field of chemistry, being combined for the separation and purification of chemical compounds. These methods are widely applied in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, environmental analysis, and food science. Chromatography involves the separation of components of a mixture based on their physical and chemical properties, while extraction involves the removal of one or more components from a mixture using a suitable solvent.

This Special Issue is devoted to emerging technologies and applications in the field of chromatography and extraction techniques for chemical analysis. This includes reviews and original research articles that focus on the development, application, and optimization of chromatography and extraction methods for a wide range of chemical applications. Topics of interest include advances in chromatography and extraction theory, instrumentation, sample preparation, and data analysis, as well as applications in food, medicinal, and environmental analysis. Additionally, contributions in new developments in method development and validation, as well as novel approaches for the determination of trace contaminants, and other topics related to the field are welcomed. This Special Issue offers readers an invaluable resource for furthering the advancement of chromatography and extraction techniques for chemical applications.

Dr. Jorge Pereira
Dr. Natalia Casado Navas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liquid chromatography
  • gas chromatography
  • sample preparation
  • extraction
  • supercritical fluid extraction
  • solid-phase extraction
  • liquid-liquid extraction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1694 KiB  
Article
HPLC–DAD Analysis, SFE-CO2 Extraction, and Antibacterial Activity on Bioactive Compounds from Mosla chinensis Maxim
by Ruixi Gao, Bingchen Han, Yanfeng Zeng, Linchuang Shen, Xinqiao Liu, Qiang Wang, Maochuan Liao and Jun Li
Molecules 2023, 28(23), 7724; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237724 - 23 Nov 2023
Viewed by 683
Abstract
Mosla chinensis Maxim is an annual herb with many potential purposes in agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical fields. At present, the extract of the whole plant from M. chinensis has been proven to demonstrate antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previous studies focused on the [...] Read more.
Mosla chinensis Maxim is an annual herb with many potential purposes in agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical fields. At present, the extract of the whole plant from M. chinensis has been proven to demonstrate antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previous studies focused on the enzyme pretreatment in hydrodistillation from M. chinensis. However, organic solvent or supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction (SFE-CO2) methods, which are commonly utilized in industry, have seldom been studied and cannot provide multiple evaluations of yield. In this work, we analysed compounds from M. chinensis by HPLC–DAD, discussed n-hexane extraction, and conducted further investigations on SFE-CO2 through the design of response surface methodology (RSM). The sample obtained from pilot-scale SFE-CO2 was also tested against nine kinds of microorganisms. Single-factor results revealed that the extraction rates from M. chinensis by steam distillation, n-hexane extraction, and SFE-CO2 were 1%, 2.09%, and 3.26%, respectively. RSM results showed a significant improvement in extraction rate through optimising pressure and time, and the interaction of both factors was more important than that of temperature–pressure and temperature–time. A pilot-scale test with an extraction rate of 3.34% indicated that the predicted RSM condition was operable. In addition, samples from the pilot-scale SFE-CO2 showed antibacterial effects against three previously unreported bacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes). These results fill the gap in previous research and provide more information for the application and development of M. chinensis in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromatography and Extraction Techniques for Chemical Applications)
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12 pages, 927 KiB  
Article
Fast and Sensitive Bioanalytical Method for the Determination of Deucravacitinib in Human Plasma Using HPLC-MS/MS: Application and Greenness Evaluation
by Pottabattula Mahesh, M. Akiful Haque, Baher I. Salman, Tarek S. Belal, Adel Ehab Ibrahim and Sami El Deeb
Molecules 2023, 28(14), 5471; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145471 - 17 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1652
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is a common, long-lasting illness that affects the immune system and causes significant negative impacts on a patient’s physical health, well-being, and ability to work effectively. Deucravacitinib (DEU) is the first oral medication used in the treatment of plaque psoriasis, a [...] Read more.
Plaque psoriasis is a common, long-lasting illness that affects the immune system and causes significant negative impacts on a patient’s physical health, well-being, and ability to work effectively. Deucravacitinib (DEU) is the first oral medication used in the treatment of plaque psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin. DEU is a type of medication called an oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, which works by blocking specific enzymes that play a role in the inflammation and immune response associated with psoriasis. Therefore, a quick, easy, novel, reliable, sensitive, and straightforward liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach was used to analyze DEU in plasma samples. The LC-MS/MS method for the determination of DEU in human plasma was based on using trimethoprim as an internal standard (IS). The separation of DEU and IS was carried out via liquid–liquid extraction (LLE). The extract was then subjected to the chromatographic system separation using the ACE-C18 column (4.6 × 100 mm, 5 µm). The mobile phase employed consisted of methanol and a solution of 2 mM ammonium formate (80:20 v/v, respectively). The flow rate used was set at 0.9 mL min−1. The creative strategy was performed by running an ABSCIEX API 4000 mass spectrometer with an electron spray ionization source in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The ion transitions m/z 426.3 → 358.2 were used for DEU quantitation, while the ion transitions m/z 291.1 → 261.1 were used for trimethoprim quantitation. The accuracy, precision, linearity, recovery, and selectivity of DEU were deemed acceptable when validated for a concentration range between 0.500 and 601.050 ng/mL, utilizing a weighting factor of 1/x2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromatography and Extraction Techniques for Chemical Applications)
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Review

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30 pages, 3088 KiB  
Review
Sample Preparation Techniques for Growth-Promoting Agents in Various Mammalian Specimen Preceding MS-Analytics
by Laura Klöppner, Lukas Corbinian Harps and Maria Kristina Parr
Molecules 2024, 29(2), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29020330 - 09 Jan 2024
Viewed by 903
Abstract
The misuse of growth-promoting drugs such as beta-2 agonists and steroids is a known problem in farming and sports competitions. Prior to the analysis of biological samples via liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) or gas chromatography (GC)–MS, sufficient sample preparation is required to [...] Read more.
The misuse of growth-promoting drugs such as beta-2 agonists and steroids is a known problem in farming and sports competitions. Prior to the analysis of biological samples via liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) or gas chromatography (GC)–MS, sufficient sample preparation is required to reliably identify or determine the residues of drugs. In practice, broad screening methods are often used to save time and analyze as many compounds as possible. This review was conceptualized to analyze the literature from 2018 until October 2023 for sample preparation procedures applied to animal specimens before LC- or GC-MS analysis. The animals were either used in farming or sports. In the present review, solid phase extraction (SPE) was observed as the dominant sample clean-up technique for beta-2 agonists and steroids, followed by protein precipitation. For the extraction of beta-2 agonists, mixed-mode cation exchanger-based SPE phases were preferably applied, while for the steroids, various types of SPE materials were reported. Furthermore, dispersive SPE-based QuEChERs were utilized. Combinatory use of SPE and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was observed to cover further drug classes in addition to beta-2 agonists in broader screening methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromatography and Extraction Techniques for Chemical Applications)
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