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Study of Biologically Active Organic Compounds Using Various Liquid Chromatography Techniques

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Analytical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4137

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Dear Colleagues,

The search for new substances that are biologically active and have the desired properties is a challenge that modern science must face. The aim is to improve people's quality of life and their life expectancy, to increase the efficiency of agricultural production without undesirable side effects, and to maintain the biodiversity of the environment and prevent its biodegradation. The possibilities and advantages of liquid chromatography make it a significant in vitro technique that supports the testing and modeling of bioactive compounds. Combined with in silico methods, it can predict the physicochemical, biological, and pharmacokinetic properties of substances in screening. According to the European Commission's legislation, predictive models constitute an alternative to highly unethical animal testing.

This Special Issue is dedicated to original research and review articles that cover the latest findings on using biomimetic chromatographic systems (stationary and mobile phases) and quantitative retention property relationships in supporting the modeling of bioactive compounds.

Dr. Małgorzata Janicka
Dr. Katarzyna E. Stȩpnik
Dr. Wirginia Kukula-Koch
Guest Editors

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Keywords

liquid chromatography
micellar mobile phases
biomimetic stationary phases
bioactive compounds
lipophilicity
QRARs
QS(P)Rs

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Research

18 pages, 2395 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Integrating Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Coupled with Pathway Analysis Reveals Muscle Disorder in Osteoporosis on Orchiectomized Mice

by Fei Ge, Ziheng Wei, Yanting Che, Qingqing Qian, Jinfei Song, Hongxia Zhao, Si Wu and Xin Dong

Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2512; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062512 - 09 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1768

Abstract

Most osteoporosis (OP) fracture accidents in men are due not only to a low BMD but also because of unhealthy muscle support. However, there has been a limited number of reports about how muscle metabolism is disturbed by OP in males. In this work, a pathway analysis based on metabolomic research was carried out to fill this gap. A classical orchiectomy procedure was adapted to create an OP animal model. A micro-CT and pathological section were applied for a bone and muscle phenotype assessment and a pathology analysis. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS were applied to measure metabolites in skeletal muscle samples among groups. In total, 31 significantly differential metabolites were detected by comparing healthy models and OP animals, and 7 representative metabolites among the 31 significantly differential metabolites were identified and validated experimentally by UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS (xanthine, L-phenylalanine, choline, hypoxanthine, L-tryptophan, succinic acid, and L-tyrosine). An ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) analysis revealed significantly enriched pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and necrosis. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to investigate early muscle disorder processes in Cases of OP at a metabolic level, facilitating early intervention and protection from OP fractures for aged men. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Biologically Active Organic Compounds Using Various Liquid Chromatography Techniques)

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15 pages, 3946 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Light Increases Astaxanthin Absorbance in Acetone Solution through Isomerization Reactions

by Oleksandr Virchenko and Tryggvi Stefánsson

Molecules 2023, 28(2), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020847 - 14 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1777

Abstract

Astaxanthin quantitative analysis is prone to high variability between laboratories. This study aimed to assess the effect of light on the spectrometric and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurements of astaxanthin. The experiment was performed on four Haematococcus pluvialis-derived astaxanthin-rich oleoresin samples with different carotenoid matrices that were analyzed by UV/Vis spectrometry and HPLC according to the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) monograph. Each sample was dissolved in acetone in three types of flasks: amber glass wrapped with aluminium foil, uncovered amber glass, and transparent glass. Thus, the acetone solutions were either in light-proof flasks or exposed to ambient light. The measurements were taken within four hours (spectrometry) or three hours (HPLC) from the moment of oleoresin dissolution in acetone to investigate the dynamics of changes in the recorded values. The results confirm the logarithmic growth of astaxanthin absorbance by 8–11% (UV/Vis) and 7–17% (HPLC) after 3 h of light exposure. The changes were different in the samples with different carotenoid matrices; for instance, light had the least effect on the USP reference standard sample. The increase in absorbance was accompanied with the change of isomeric distribution, namely a reduction of 13Z and an increase of All-E and 9Z astaxanthin. The greater HPLC values’ elevation was related not only to the increase of astaxanthin absorbance, but also to light-dependent degradation of internal standard apocarotenal. The findings confirm a poor robustness of the conventional analytical procedure for astaxanthin quantitation and a necessity for method revision and harmonization to improve its reproducibility. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Biologically Active Organic Compounds Using Various Liquid Chromatography Techniques)

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Study of Biologically Active Organic Compounds Using Various Liquid Chromatography Techniques

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