Special Issue "Highly Siderophile Elements and Their Isotopes in the Earth’s Mantle"

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 1593

Special Issue Editor

Department of Geochemistry and Ore-Forming Processes, Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vonsovsky str. 15, Ekaterinburg 620110, Russia
Interests: highly siderophile elements; mineralogy of platinum-group elements; radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry, Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits; ultramafic rocks; isotope composition of the Earth's mantle
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Absolute and relative abundances of the highly siderophile elements (HSE = PGE (Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd), Re, Au) and their isotopes are important for geological, petrological, and geochemical investigations. Since Re and Os have strongly contrasting partitioning behavior during mantle melting and magma differentiation, the 187Re–187Os isotopic system is particularly useful in (i) distinguishing between crustal and mantle sources of the HSE and (ii) tracking melt extraction events, which can be applied at both the whole-rock and mineral (i.e., chromite, Ru-Os-Ir alloy, sulfide) scale. Further advances in mass spectrometry have allowed PGE alloys and sulfides to be dated using the 190Pt–186Os system. In order to gain further insights into large-scale geodynamic processes as well as the concentration of the HSE at the local scale, we invite contributions that use combined mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic studies, including the integration of whole-rock and mineral separate (via N-TIMS) and sub-grain scale (via LA-MC-ICPMS) Pt-Re-Os isotopic data from a selected set of rocks and robust minerals (e.g., chromite, PGE alloy) derived from various mantle domains. The latter may include, but are not limited to: komatiite systems, mantle xenoliths, abyssal peridotites, deep portions of ophiolite sections within the oceanic mantle, orogenic peridotite massifs, typical of subcontinental lithospheric mantle, and spatially associated PGE placer deposits.

Dr. Kreshimir N. Malitch
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • highly siderophile elements
  • Re-Os and Pt-Os isotope systems
  • high-precision negative thermal ionization mass-spectrometry
  • in situ isotope analysis
  • PGE alloy
  • sulfide
  • chromite
  • komatiite
  • oceanic mantle
  • subcontinental lithospheric mantle
  • earth’s mantle

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

Article
A Combined Re-Os and Pt-Os Isotope and HSE Abundance Study of Ru-Os-Ir Alloys from the Kunar and Unga Placer Deposits, the Taimyr Peninsula, Polar Siberia
Minerals 2022, 12(11), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12111463 - 19 Nov 2022
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Abstract
In order to provide further insights into the origin of Ru-Os-Ir alloys, this study presents new highly siderophile element (HSE: Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, and Pd) abundance and 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os isotope data for detrital grains [...] Read more.
In order to provide further insights into the origin of Ru-Os-Ir alloys, this study presents new highly siderophile element (HSE: Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, and Pd) abundance and 187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os isotope data for detrital grains of native Ru-Os-Ir alloys in placer deposits of the Kunar and Unga Rivers, which display a close spatial association with the Kunar dunite–harzburgite complex in the northern part of the Taimyr Peninsula in the Polar Siberia. The study utilized electron microprobe analysis, negative thermal ionization mass-spectrometry (N-TIMS) and laser ablation multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (LA MC-ICP-MS). The primary nature of the Ru-Os-Ir alloys is supported by the occurrence of euhedral inclusions of high-Mg olivine (Fo92–93) that fall within the compositional range of mantle olivine. The LA MC-ICP-MS data show similar average initial 187Os/188Os and γ187Os(740 Ma) values for PGM assemblages from the Kunar and Unga deposits of 0.1218 ± 0.0010, −0.18 ± 0.85, and 0.1222 ± 0.0025, +0.10 ± 2.1, respectively. These values are identical, within their respective uncertainties, to the initial 187Os/188Os value of the Ru-Os-Ir alloy grain measured by N-TIMS (0.1218463 ± 0.0000015, γ187Os(740 Ma) = −0.1500 ± 0.0012). The combined 187Re-187Os isotopic data for all studied grains (γ187Os(740 Ma) = −0.02 ± 1.6) indicate evolution of the Kunar and Unga mantle sources with a long-term chondritic 187Re/188Os ratio of 0.401 ± 0.030. In contrast to the 187Os/188Os data, the initial 186Os/188Os value of 0.1198409 ± 0.0000012 (µ186Os(740 Ma) = +34 ± 10) obtained for the same Ru-Os-Ir alloy grain by N-TIMS is suprachondritic and implies evolution of the Kunar and Unga mantle source(s) with a long-term suprachondritic 190Pt/188Os ratio of 0.00247 ± 0.00021. This value is ~40% higher than the average chondritic 190Pt/188Os ratio of 0.00180 and indicates long-term enrichment of the Kunar source in Pt over Os. Establishing the source of this enrichment requires further investigation. Full article
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