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Special Issue "Carbonate Petrology and Geochemistry"

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A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 18 October 2023 | Viewed by 2499

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Prof. Dr. Luis Miguel Nieto

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Departamento de Geología and CEACTEMA, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Universitario, Edf. B-3., E-23071 Jaén, Spain
Interests: stratigraphy; sedimentology; carbonate petrology; facies analysis; paleokarst; Mesozoic; Betic Cordillera
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Prof. Dr. José Miguel Molina

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Dear Colleagues,

On behalf of Minerals, we are pleased to announce the Special Issue "Carbonate Petrology and Geochemistry" and we would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue that focuses on the carbonates (rocks and sediments) deposited in continental and marine environments, irrespective of their age. Carbonate rocks and sediments emerge in response to mechanisms forced primarily by high environmental CO₂ contents. Therefore, research on petrological and geochemical carbonate topics is critical for understanding the global carbonate cycle, as carbonate minerals comprise the largest reservoir of carbon in the Earth’s lithosphere.

Remarkable advances have recently been made in understanding the petrology and geochemistry of carbonates, mainly considering environmental changes and their ecological impact. Furthermore, in recent decades, analytical techniques have also advanced and offer a more complete vision to scientists in mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry, making data available with a superlative analytical and spatial resolution.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect original research studies that can shed new light on the advances in stratigraphy, sedimentology, petrology, geochemistry, (paleo)climate, (pale)oceanography and hydrogeology of carbonate rocks and/or sediments. Contributions may embrace a broad spectrum of topics, because this Special Issue aims to show a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective of past and recent carbonates, whilst taking into account the fact that carbonate research is more focused on the assessment of processes and genetic relationships between textures and mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Contributions can either be review papers related to special topics or very specialized research studies, offering new perspectives on specific aspects of recent or past carbonates.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) the architecture and interpretation of carbonate outcrops; 2) the diagenetic and geochemical controls regarding carbonate deposition; 3) carbonate rocks or sediments as an archive of ancient/recent (paleo)-environmental changes; 4) role of carbonates in (pale)oceanography and the global carbon cycle; 5) recognition of primary versus diagenetic overprint in carbonates; 6) carbonate significance as a source and reservoir rocks.

We thank you and look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Luis Miguel Nieto
Prof. Dr. José Miguel Molina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

carbonate rocks and/or sediments
carbonate texture
mineralogical and/or geochemical composition of carbonates
carbonate petrology
carbonate diagenesis
carbonate weathering
(paleo)-environmental changes
carbon cycle
continental or marine carbonates

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

The Origin of the Upper Cambrian Basin-Scale Massive Dolostones of the Xixiangchi Formation, Sichuan Basin, China

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Minerals 2023, 13(7), 932; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070932 - 13 Jul 2023

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Abstract

The thick Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi dolostones, developed in the Sichuan Basin, are an important deep exploration target, but their genesis is still controversial, which hinders predicting the porous dolomite distribution and related potential hydrocarbon play. Herein, based on the observation and sampling of field outcrops, combined with a microscopic thin section analysis, cathodoluminescence analysis, and geochemical study, their characteristics and genesis were investigated. The results showed that there are mainly three types of dolomite that can be distinguished: (1) fine crystalline dolomite with a low crystallinity (Type 1); (2) granular dolomite with coarse grains, maintaining the original particle structure (Type 2); and (3) grain-texture relict dolomite with a higher degree of crystal form and obvious recrystallization (Type 3). The Type 1 dolomite with a common lamina structure and the highest ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio implies the most continental-influenced seawater in a supratidal environment around paleouplift, where there is an evaporation pump effect in its formation. The Type 2 dolomite recorded a slightly higher diagenesis temperature and slightly lower brine salinity, which would be formed in a seepage-reflux model in the beach environment of the platform. The lowest REY content and higher dolomite temperature with structural residuals indicate that the Type 3 dolomite is the result of further burial dolomitization during the diagenetic process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbonate Petrology and Geochemistry)

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Open AccessArticle

Genesis of Calcite Veins in 8# Coal Seam of the Upper Carboniferous Benxi Formation, Southeastern Margin of Ordos Basin

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Minerals 2023, 13(7), 879; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070879 - 29 Jun 2023

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Abstract

The 8# coal seam in the Benxi Formation of the southeastern margin of the Ordos Basin is a deep coal seam with abundant coalbed methane resources. Calcite veins are commonly developed within the 8# coal seam, and their formation processes and mechanisms have significant implications for the enrichment of deep coalbed methane. Genesis of the calcite veins was analyzed to reveal the impact of the calcite veins formation on coalbed methane accumulation, with an integrated application of petrographic study by thin section, cathodoluminescence analysis, carbon-oxygen isotope analysis, and homogeneous temperature measurements of fluid inclusions. The research findings indicate that the calcite veins in the 8# coal seam can be classified into three stages: C1, C2, and C3. The diagenetic fluids of C1 primarily originated from contemporaneous seawater. The fluids responsible for the formation of C2 primarily consist of organic fluids enriched in biogenic gas, whereas the fluids contributing to the formation of C3 are primarily associated with liquid hydrocarbons originated form decarboxylation of organic matter. Furthermore, the development of both C2 and C3 is influenced by deep hydrothermal fluids resulting from tectonic heating events during the Early Cretaceous. By combining analysis of the hydrocarbon accumulation history and burial history in the study area, it has been established that C2 formation occurred during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, while C3 formation took place during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. The exploration and production practices in the study area have firmly established the crucial significance of the formation and evolution of calcite veins within the 8# coal seam for the migration and accumulation of coalbed methane. The research outcomes provide valuable insights for the exploration of deep coalbed methane enrichment areas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbonate Petrology and Geochemistry)

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Open AccessArticle

Carbonate U-Pb Geochronology and Clumped Isotope Constraints on the Origin of Hydrothermal Dolomites: A Case Study in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation, Sichuan Basin, South China

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Minerals 2023, 13(2), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020223 - 03 Feb 2023

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Abstract

Reservoirs in the dolomites of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Sichuan Basin are currently important oil and gas exploration objects in China. However, the questions concerning the sources of the dolomitized fluids and the control factors of the Qixia hydrothermal dolomites remain unclear. In this study, the original hydrothermal dolomites (the replacement dolomites (RDs) and saddle dolomites (SDs)) from the Qixia Formation in the southwestern Sichuan Basin (the PR1 well and Baoxing section) were mainly examined using novel in situ carbonate U-Pb dating with clumped isotopes (∆₄₇). Our results show that the U-Pb ages of the latest SDs from the PR1 well (located in the middle zone of the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) and distanced from the Orogenic Belt of Longmenshan) are 257.9–251.0 Ma, coincident with the period of main activity of the ELIP. Combined with the previous U-Pb dating, we propose that the high-temperature T_∆47 (82.2–108.4 °C and 127.5–205.9 °C) recorded for SDs from the PR1 well and Baoxing section may have responded to ELIP activity and Longmenshan orogeny activity, respectively. In addition, in the entire southwestern Sichuan Basin, the RDs and SDs yield similar δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values, indicating that the dolomites were formed by hydrothermal fluids of similar sources, with marine hydrothermal fluids being a highly possible source. Finally, this study proposes a new hydrothermal dolomite genesis model for the Qixia Formation, emphasizing that the formation of hydrothermal dolomites mainly depends on the proximity to tectonic thermal events in space and time. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbonate Petrology and Geochemistry)

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