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Microplastics
Special Issues
Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics
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Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics

A special issue of Microplastics (ISSN 2673-8929).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 11517

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mariacristina Cristina Cocca

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Guest Editor
Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Italian National Research Council-Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
Interests: polymeric based materials including polymorphic polymers, polymer blends, nano and microstructured composites, textile and micro and nanoplastic; development and validation of different mitigation strategies for microplastic pollution
Dr. Roberto Avolio

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Guest Editor
Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials of the National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
Interests: multiphase polymeric materials; mechanochemical treatments; solid state NMR spectroscopy: recycling and sustainability; biodegradable polymers; composites and nanocomposites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rachele Castaldo

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Guest Editor
National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
Interests: porous and microporous materials; nanostructured materials; environmental remediation; biobased polymers; recycling and sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Emanuela Errico

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Guest Editor
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Polymers (ICTP-CNR), Naples, Italy
Interests: polymer based micro and nano-structured materials; structure/properties correlation of multicomponent polymer based materials; biodegradable and/or biocompatible polymer based materials: control and optimization of the interface in multicomponent polymer based materials; recycling of thermoplastic and thermosetting based polymeric materials; solid state NMR
Dr. Gennaro Gentile

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Guest Editor
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Via Campi Flegrei, 34 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
Interests: multiphase polymer systems; smart materials; morphological and structural characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Veronica Ambrogi

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Piazzale Tecchio, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: functional polymers and composites; bio-based resins; stimuli-responsive nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The monitoring, detection and mitigation of micro- and nanoplastics represent a very challenging and interdisciplinary topic, which requires contributions from different scientific areas such as chemistry, biology, engineering, polymer science, physics, and policy and regulation. This proposed Special Issue will cover the most relevant aspects related to microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, collecting contributions from authors proposing new solutions and actions recently developed in this sector.

This Special Issue invites contributions covering all aspects with regard to the monitoring, detection and mitigation of micro- and nanoplastics, including:

1) Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in different environments: freshwater, marine, air and soil;

2) Sources, fate and effects of micro- and nanoplastics;

3) Monitoring and detection of micro- and nanoplastic pollutants;

4) Innovative solutions to mitigate micro- and nanoplastic pollution;

5) Valorisation of plastic waste into chemicals, fuels or new materials;

6) Degradation of macro-, micro- and nanoplastics;

7) Impact of micro- and nanoplastics on biota;

8) Micro- and nanoparticle interaction with biomolecules, cellular uptake and biodisposition;

9) Socioeconomic and environmental impact assessment and risk analysis.

Authors are invited to submit original research papers, reviews and short communications.

Dr. Mariacristina Cristina Cocca
Dr. Roberto Avolio
Dr. Rachele Castaldo
Dr. Maria Emanuela Errico
Dr. Gennaro Gentile
Prof. Dr. Veronica Ambrogi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microplastics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • macro-, meso-, micro-, and nanoplastics
  • air, water, soil, biota
  • mitigation approaches—bioremediation, phytoremediation, new materials for filtration, photocatalysis, controlled degradation
  • detection approaches for micro- and nanoplastics
  • sorption, desorption, leaching, additives
  • toxicity and biological impacts
  • cellular and subcellular effects, uptake, biodisposition
  • risk assessment

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1522 KiB  
Article
Abundance and Characteristics of Fibrous Microplastics and Microfibers Isolated in Mullus barbatus from the Adriatic Sea—Preliminary Investigation
by Serena Santonicola, Michela Volgare, Mariacristina Cocca and Giampaolo Colavita
Microplastics 2023, 2(4), 411-421; https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2040030 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 682
Abstract
Despite the wide distribution of textile microfibers in the marine environment, there is still limited knowledge on microfiber ingestion in fish species intended for human consumption, mostly due to analytical issues. The present study aims to assess the occurrence of microfibers in red [...] Read more.
Despite the wide distribution of textile microfibers in the marine environment, there is still limited knowledge on microfiber ingestion in fish species intended for human consumption, mostly due to analytical issues. The present study aims to assess the occurrence of microfibers in red mullet (Mullus barbatus) samples collected from the Italian waters of the central Adriatic Sea. M. barbatus is a bottom fish that lives in contact with sediment and therefore was proposed as a sentinel species for the monitoring plastic pollution. A visual approach based on the evaluation of specific microfiber surface morphology was applied for the identification of particles of different origins. The preliminary findings showed the presence of microfibers in 80% of red mullet samples with a mean of 5.95 microfibers/individual. The majority (>80%) of the isolated microfibers were of natural/artificial origin, while the dominant colors were blue and black. The obtained results confirmed that benthic fish species are susceptible to microfiber ingestion and indicate the high availability of these particles in the Adriatic basin. Considering the spectroscopic drawbacks in microfiber analyses and the need to improve the current knowledge on the rate of contamination of fishery products, the visual approach could be a feasible, easy, and accessible method in the study of microfiber pollution, and the assessment of consumer health risks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics)
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10 pages, 2136 KiB  
Communication
Detection of Secondary Microplastics in an Aquatic Mesocosm by Means of Object-Based Image Analysis
by Dahlia E. Carmona-Valdivieso, Tizziana Valdivieso and Víctor D. Carmona-Galindo
Microplastics 2023, 2(3), 268-277; https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2030022 - 07 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1286
Abstract
When plastics are discarded, they do not biodegrade and instead break down over time into progressively smaller particles, termed secondary microplastics, which adversely impact biota and human health as well as persist in the environment for centuries. Our research objective was to evaluate [...] Read more.
When plastics are discarded, they do not biodegrade and instead break down over time into progressively smaller particles, termed secondary microplastics, which adversely impact biota and human health as well as persist in the environment for centuries. Our research objective was to evaluate the capabilities of object-based image analyses in detecting compositionally varied microplastics suspended in an aquatic mesocosm under no-slip and turbulent water conditions. We found that the presence of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and low-density polyethylene microplastic pollution in both single-type and mixed-type suspensions was not detectable by either average red (R), average blue (B), average green (G), or average RBG pixel intensities, but was significantly detectable by means of total RBG pixel intensity from digital imagery of the surface-water. Our findings suggest that object-based image analyses of surface waters to quantify pixel information is better suited for monitoring the presence and absence of suspended microplastics, rather than for the stepwise determination of microplastic concentrations. We propose the development of a smartphone application to facilitate citizen-science monitoring of microplastic contamination as well as comment on future applications utilizing drone imagery to boost cloud-based mapping spatiotemporal plumes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics)
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13 pages, 2102 KiB  
Article
Quantification of Very Low Concentrations of Colloids with Light Scattering Applied to Micro(Nano)Plastics in Seawater
by Gireeshkumar Balakrishnan, Fabienne Lagarde, Christophe Chassenieux and Taco Nicolai
Microplastics 2023, 2(2), 202-214; https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2020016 - 02 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1844
Abstract
The detection and quantification of micro(nano)plastics in the marine environment are essential requirements to understand the full impacts of plastic pollution on the ecosystem and human health. Here, static light scattering (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering techniques are assessed for their capacity [...] Read more.
The detection and quantification of micro(nano)plastics in the marine environment are essential requirements to understand the full impacts of plastic pollution on the ecosystem and human health. Here, static light scattering (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering techniques are assessed for their capacity to detect colloidal particles with diameters between d = 0.1 and 0.8 µm at very low concentrations in seawater. The detection limit of the apparatus was determined using model monodisperse spherical polystyrene latex particles with diameters of 0.2 µm and 0.5 µm. It is shown that the concentration and size of colloids can be determined down to about 10−6 g/L. Light scattering measurements on seawater obtained from different locations in Western Europe show that colloidal particles were detected with DLS in seawater filtered through 0.8 µm pore size filters. The concentration of these particles was not higher than 1 µg/L, with an average diameter of about 0.6 µm. We stress that these particles are not necessarily plastic. No particles were detected after filtration through 0.45 µm pore size filters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics)
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Review

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18 pages, 974 KiB  
Review
The Impact of Microplastics on Global Food Production: A Brief Overview of This Complex Sector
by Thúlio Righeti Corrêa, Christine C. Gaylarde, José Antônio Baptista Neto, Jéssica de F. Delgado, Leonardo da S. Lima, Danieli L. Cunha and Estefan M. da Fonseca
Microplastics 2023, 2(4), 371-388; https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2040028 - 15 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1567
Abstract
Environmental pollution management combined with food safety represents two of the main challenges of the last decades. Soil and water contamination has historically threatened food safety. As ubiquitous pollutants, microplastics (MPs) have attracted increasing attention over the last few years. These particles can [...] Read more.
Environmental pollution management combined with food safety represents two of the main challenges of the last decades. Soil and water contamination has historically threatened food safety. As ubiquitous pollutants, microplastics (MPs) have attracted increasing attention over the last few years. These particles can affect the balance of terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial ecosystems. Their negative impacts are intensified when they adsorb and carry toxic chemicals. They can circulate through organisms and accumulate in human beings via food and water. Physiological dysfunctions in all species continue to be reported, both in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This article considers how this might be affecting the global production of food. It reports the adverse effects induced by MPs in soils, their properties and organisms growing within and upon them, including livestock and the pollinating agents necessary for plant growth. A separate section discusses the effects of MPs on aquaculture, mentioning effects on wild species, as well as farmed fish. The growing concern of the food production sector with MPs mimics that of the world with global warming; the danger is real and requires urgent attention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics)
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26 pages, 1185 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Microplastics Removal from Water with Special Attention Given to Photocatalytic Degradation: Review of Scientific Research
by Nicolás Alejandro Sacco, Fernanda Miranda Zoppas, Alejandra Devard, María del Pilar González Muñoz, Gonzalo García and Fernanda Albana Marchesini
Microplastics 2023, 2(3), 278-303; https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics2030023 - 04 Sep 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4715
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has become a global environmental concern with detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health. Effective removal of microplastics from water sources is crucial to mitigate their impacts. Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) have emerged as promising strategies for the degradation and elimination [...] Read more.
Microplastic pollution has become a global environmental concern with detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health. Effective removal of microplastics from water sources is crucial to mitigate their impacts. Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) have emerged as promising strategies for the degradation and elimination of microplastics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of AOPs in the removal of microplastics from water. Various AOPs, such as photocatalysis, ozonation, and Fenton-like processes, have shown significant potential for microplastic degradation. These processes generate highly reactive species, such as hydroxyl radicals, which can break down microplastics into smaller fragments or even mineralize them into harmless byproducts. The efficiency of photocatalytic oxidation depends on several factors, including the choice of photocatalysts, reaction conditions, and the physicochemical properties of microplastics. Furthermore, this review discusses the challenges associated with photocatalytic oxidation, such as the need for optimization of operating parameters and the potential formation of harmful byproducts. Overall, photocatalytic oxidation offers a promising avenue for the removal of microplastics from water, contributing to the preservation of aquatic ecosystems and safeguarding human health. However, further research is needed to address the limitations and optimize the implementation of this process for effective and sustainable microplastic remediation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring, Detection and Mitigation of Micro and Nanoplastics)
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