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Microorganisms
Special Issues
New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation
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New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 8386

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Domenico Franco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: phage-display technology; drug delivery and drug targeting; nano and micro-structured systems for biosensor application; molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Laura Maria De Plano

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: phage-display technology; drug delivery and drug targeting; nano and micro-structured systems for biosensor application; molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giovanna Calabrese

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: regenerative biomaterials; bone tissue engineering; osteoconduction; osteoinduction; osteointegration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advancements in nanotechnologies have allowed us to develop medical implants with excellent biocompatibility, cell proliferation, and non-inflammatory properties. However, most of the materials generally used for these nanostructures lack antibacterial properties, which play a critical role in avoiding postoperative complications.

Infections in surgical sites, which are rich in nutrients and favorable to bacterial proliferation and biofilm formation, are extremely common, difficult to eradicate, and can induce inflammatory processes with tissue destruction and implant loss. Moreover, antibiotic treatments are often ineffective against bacterial residues and can lead to antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the success of the implant is closely related to the prevention of post-operative infections.

For this purpose, the development of new antimicrobial strategies, also including anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm ones, for medical implants has attracted a great amount of interest.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an adequate multidisciplinary platform for the interchange of valuable information (both basic and applied research) that aids the development of new antimicrobial strategies for tissue regeneration.

As Guest Editors of the Special Issue, we invite you to submit research articles, review articles, and short communications related to “New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation”.


Dr. Domenico Franco
Dr. Laura Maria De Plano
Prof. Dr. Giovanna Calabrese
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • implant-associated infection
  • biofilms and bacterial adhesion
  • nanostructured scaffold
  • antibacterial and bioactive composite coating
  • hybrid biomaterials
  • bactericidal agents
  • anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm
  • antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
  • phage-derived antibacterials
  • metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs)

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 3305 KiB  
Article
Lichenysin-like Polypeptide Production by Bacillus licheniformis B3-15 and Its Antiadhesive and Antibiofilm Properties
by Vincenzo Zammuto, Maria Giovanna Rizzo, Claudia De Pasquale, Guido Ferlazzo, Maria Teresa Caccamo, Salvatore Magazù, Salvatore Pietro Paolo Guglielmino and Concetta Gugliandolo
Microorganisms 2023, 11(7), 1842; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071842 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1436
Abstract
We report the ability of the crude biosurfactant (BS B3-15), produced by the marine, thermotolerant Bacillus licheniformis B3-15, to hinder the adhesion and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 to polystyrene and human cells. First, we attempted [...] Read more.
We report the ability of the crude biosurfactant (BS B3-15), produced by the marine, thermotolerant Bacillus licheniformis B3-15, to hinder the adhesion and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 to polystyrene and human cells. First, we attempted to increase the BS yield, optimizing the culture conditions, and evaluated the surface-active properties of cell-free supernatants. Under phosphate deprivation (0.06 mM) and 5% saccharose, the yield of BS (1.5 g/L) increased by 37%, which could be explained by the earlier (12 h) increase in lchAA expression compared to the non-optimized condition (48 h). Without exerting any anti-bacterial activity, BS (300 µg/mL) prevented the adhesion of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus to polystyrene (47% and 36%, respectively) and disrupted the preformed biofilms, being more efficient against S. aureus (47%) than P. aeruginosa (26%). When added to human cells, the BS reduced the adhesion of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (10× and 100,000× CFU/mL, respectively) without altering the epithelial cells’ viability. As it is not cytotoxic, BS B3-15 could be useful to prevent or remove bacterial biofilms in several medical and non-medical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation)
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27 pages, 5546 KiB  
Article
Inhibition of Adherence and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Immobilized ZnO Nanoparticles on Silicone Urinary Catheter Grafted by Gamma Irradiation
by Dalia A. Elzahaby, Hala A. Farrag, Rana R. Haikal, Mohamed H. Alkordi, Nourtan F. Abdeltawab and Mohammed A. Ramadan
Microorganisms 2023, 11(4), 913; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11040913 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1952
Abstract
Nosocomial infections caused by microbial biofilm formation on biomaterial surfaces such as urinary catheters are complicated by antibiotic resistance, representing a common problem in hospitalized patients. Therefore, we aimed to modify silicone catheters to resist microbial adherence and biofilm formation by the tested [...] Read more.
Nosocomial infections caused by microbial biofilm formation on biomaterial surfaces such as urinary catheters are complicated by antibiotic resistance, representing a common problem in hospitalized patients. Therefore, we aimed to modify silicone catheters to resist microbial adherence and biofilm formation by the tested microorganisms. This study used a simple direct method to graft poly-acrylic acid onto silicone rubber films using gamma irradiation to endow the silicone surface with hydrophilic carboxylic acid functional groups. This modification allowed the silicone to immobilize ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as an anti-biofilm. The modified silicone films were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and TGA. The anti-adherence ability of the modified silicone films was evidenced by the inhibition of biofilm formation by otherwise strong biofilm-producing Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and yeast clinical isolates. The modified ZnO NPs grafted silicone showed good cytocompatibility with the human epithelial cell line. Moreover, studying the molecular basis of the inhibitory effect of the modified silicone surface on biofilm-associated genes in a selected Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate showed that anti-adherence activity might be due to the significant downregulation of the expression of lasR, lasI, and lecB genes by 2, 2, and 3.3-fold, respectively. In conclusion, the modified silicone catheters were low-cost, offering broad-spectrum anti-biofilm activity with possible future applications in hospital settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation)
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Review

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22 pages, 2526 KiB  
Review
Metal-Based Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Mechanisms and Biomedical Application
by Domenico Franco, Giovanna Calabrese, Salvatore Pietro Paolo Guglielmino and Sabrina Conoci
Microorganisms 2022, 10(9), 1778; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091778 - 03 Sep 2022
Cited by 79 | Viewed by 4123
Abstract
The growing increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to the search for new antibacterial agents capable of overcoming the resistance problem. In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly used to target bacteria as an alternative to antibiotics. The most promising nanomaterials for [...] Read more.
The growing increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to the search for new antibacterial agents capable of overcoming the resistance problem. In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly used to target bacteria as an alternative to antibiotics. The most promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications are metal and metal oxide NPs, due to their intrinsic antibacterial activity. Although NPs show interesting antibacterial properties, the mechanisms underlying their action are still poorly understood, limiting their use in clinical applications. In this review, an overview of the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial activity of metal and metal oxide NPs will be provided, relating their efficacy to: (i) bacterial strain; (ii) higher microbial organizations (biofilm); (iii) and physico-chemical properties of NPs. In addition, bacterial resistance strategies will be also discussed to better evaluate the feasibility of the different treatments adopted in the clinical safety fields. Finally, a wide analysis on recent biomedical applications of metal and metal oxide NPs with antibacterial activity will be provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Antimicrobial Strategies for Medical Implantation)
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