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Microorganisms
Special Issues
New Advances in Management and Treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections
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New Advances in Management and Treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 1837

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alessandro Russo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ‘Magna Graecia’ University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: septic shock; multidrug-resistant pathogens; severe infections; hospital infections; antimicrobials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infections caused by MDR Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) represent a major problem in patients admitted to hospital, especially intensive care units. Inappropriate therapy and limited therapeutic options are responsible for negative impact on outcome and this infection is associated with high mortality rates.MDR-AB has been defined one of the top priority pathogens by the World Health Organization; Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria are usually resistant to carbapenems and to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, rifampin, and fluoroquinolones. Then, there are limited therapeutic options with a subsequent negative impact on outcome. New agents with microbiological activity against MDR-AB strains have been recently developed but further real-life data are needed. Mortality rate over 60% has been reported for MDR-AB infections, particularly in patients with septic shock. Early diagnosis and adequate administration of antimicrobials are the milestone for the management of critically ill patients, and data about therapeutic approach when use monotherapy and when combination therapy, are limited. On these bases, physicians should recognize peculiar clinical characteristics and treat MDR-AB infections appropriately in hospitalized patients.This Special Issue aims to collect papers on Acinetobacter baumannii infections to better define the management and treatment of this difficult-to-treat infection. For this Special Issue, we invite to submit research articles, review articles, case series and clinical cases on the current status of Acinetobacter baumannii infections, especially in critically-ill patients.

Dr. Alessandro Russo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Acinetobacter baumannii
  • MDR
  • virulence factors
  • antibiotic resistance
  • antibiotic therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 1409 KiB  
Article
Exploring Synergistic Combinations in Extended and Pan-Drug Resistant (XDR and PDR) Whole Genome Sequenced Acinetobacter baumannii
by Munawr AL Quraini, Zaaema AL Jabri, Hiba Sami, Jaspreet Mahindroo, Neelam Taneja, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Ibrahim AL Busaidi and Meher Rizvi
Microorganisms 2023, 11(6), 1409; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061409 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1474
Abstract
Background: The diminishing antimicrobial options for the treatment of XDR and PDR Acinetobacter baumannii is an increasing concern. In this study, we assessed the in vitro synergy of the fosfomycin (FOS) with meropenem (MEM), amikacin (AK), tigecycline (TGC), and colistin (CL) in whole [...] Read more.
Background: The diminishing antimicrobial options for the treatment of XDR and PDR Acinetobacter baumannii is an increasing concern. In this study, we assessed the in vitro synergy of the fosfomycin (FOS) with meropenem (MEM), amikacin (AK), tigecycline (TGC), and colistin (CL) in whole genome sequenced isolates. Methods: Non-replicate whole genome sequenced (illumina next-generation sequencing platform, Clevergene, India), A. baumanii (7 XDR, 1PDR) were subjected to in vitro synergy testing by checkerboard (CB) and time kill assay (TKA) after MIC determination, with glucose-6-phosphate being incorporated in all runs. FOS was used as a cornerstone drug in four combinations and colistin in one. ResFinder, MLST, PlasmidFinder, and CSIPhylogeny tools were used. Results: Mortality occurred in three patients. Diverse MLST were observed, ST-1962 (3 isolates) and one each of ST2062, ST2063, ST1816, ST1806, ST234. FOS MICs ranged from 32 to 128 mg/L, MEM MIC: 16–64 mg/L, TGC MIC: ≤2–≤4 mg/L and AK MIC: >512 mg/L. CL: MIC range, 0.25–≤2 mg/L, PDR MIC > 16 mg/L. Synergy results by CB: FOS-MEM: synergy in ⅞ (90%) isolates. Synergy lowered MEM MICs to susceptibility breakpoints in 6/8 cases. CL-MEM: Excellent synergy (3/3) isolates. FOS-AK: Indifference in ⅞, antagonism ⅛ (AK-susceptible isolate). FOS-TGC: Partial synergy (PS) in 8/8 (TGC MIC dropped to ≤0.25 mg/L in 3/8). In the PDR isolate, synergy was seen in FOS-MEM, CL-MEM, PS in FOS-CL, FOS-TGC, indifference in FOS-AK. TKA: Excellent synergy was observed with FOS-MEM from 4 h, while FOS-AK and FOS-TGC demonstrated synergy at 24 h. Synergy was achieved despite presence of widespread resistance markers against aminoglycosides (AacAad, AadA, AadB, Aph3″Ia, ArmA, Arr, StrA, StrB), beta-lactams (ADC, BlaA1, BlaA2, Zn-dependent_hydrolase, OXA-23, OXA-51, PER-1,TEM-1D, CARB-5, Mbl), sulphonamides (SulII, SulI), phenicols (CatBx, CmlA), macrolides (MphE, MsrE) and tetracycline (TetB) were widespread. Carbapenemase, CARB-5 was present in one isolate. Beta-lactamase genes OXA-23, OXA-51, BlaA2, Zn-dependent_hydrolase, ADC, Mbl and macrolide resistance genes MphE, MsrE were present in all 8 isolates. Conclusions: FOS-MEM and CL-MEM are promising combinations against A. baumannii. Synergy of FOS-MEM in intrinsically resistant A. baumannii shows that this antibiotic combination might be useful in treating such XDR and PDR pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Management and Treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii Infections)
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