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Microorganisms
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Microbial-Host Symbiotic Metabolism Special Edition
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Microbial-Host Symbiotic Metabolism Special Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 4210

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jeremy K. Nicholson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Australian National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
2. Institute of Global Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2NA, UK
Interests: spectroscopy; informatics; metabolic biochemistry; systems medicine
Dr. Siobhon L. Egan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Australian National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
Interests: microbiome; genomics; metabolomics; bioinformatics; systems biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The diversity of the gut microbiome across composition and function results in unique interactions between the individual and the environment. A functional core microbiome, provided by abundant bacterial taxa, seems to be common to human hosts regardless of their gender, geographic location, and age. However, the exact definition of what constitutes a core functional microbiome is not yet fully understood.

The gut microbiome is metabolically flexible and can respond to changing nutritional input and environmental stressors on a fairly short timescale. Variation in the gut microbiome results in modulation of multiple pathways throughout the body and strongly influences the metabolic phenotype of the host with consequent knock-on effects in host fitness, resistance to disease, and interactions with drugs and toxins. Perturbation of the gut microbiome (gut dysbiosis) has been associated with multiple inflammatory conditions, development of an obesogenic environment, anxiety, impact on cognitive performance, and certain cancers.

Deeper understanding of microbiome dynamics in relation to how host systems function at a mechanistic level is necessary to develop frameworks for integrative super-systems modelling. This will help to drive new knowledge on how variations in the symbiotic supraorganism or ‘holobiont’ contribute to health and disease at both the individual and population levels. Whilst current research has focused on the host immune system–microbiome axis, far less research has been carried out of direct chemical signalling between host and microbiome.

In this Special Issue, we encourage the submission of both reviews and novel research related to gut microbiome and metabolism. We welcome manuscripts across the field such as in vitro and in vivo approaches, population level studies, and novel methodological approaches, including informatic methods.

Biomedicine and systems-biology

  • Importance of microbial–host metabolic interactions in determining host phenotypes, disease risks. and impacts on precision medicine;
  • The role of the microbiome in modulating host immunity and its influence on disease outcomes;
  • The microbiome in COVID-19, including post-acute COVID-19 syndrome;
  • Roles in GI diseases;
  • Roles in neurological diseases and dementias;
  • Roles in cardiovascular disease;
  • Obesity and diabetes;
  • Bariatric surgery;
  • Faecal transplantation;
  • Dietary and ageing studies.

Methodology studies

  • Genomics and metagenomics
  • Metabolism
  • Functional integration of metagenomics and metabolism
  • Statistical analysis, data integration, and visualisation

Prof. Dr. Jeremy K. Nicholson
Dr. Siobhon L. Egan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiome
  • metabolism
  • host-microbe interactions
  • dysbiosis
  • gut–brain axis
  • systems medicine
  • informatics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3711 KiB  
Article
Structure and Metabolic Characteristics of Intestinal Microbiota in Tibetan and Han Populations of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Associated Influencing Factors
by Jin Lv, Ping Qi, Xiangdong Yan, Liuhui Bai and Lei Zhang
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2655; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112655 - 28 Oct 2023
Viewed by 951
Abstract
Residents of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau might experience shifts in their gut microbiota composition as a result of the plateau environment. For example, high altitudes can increase the abundance of obligate anaerobic bacteria, decrease the number of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, increase [...] Read more.
Residents of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau might experience shifts in their gut microbiota composition as a result of the plateau environment. For example, high altitudes can increase the abundance of obligate anaerobic bacteria, decrease the number of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, increase probiotics, and decrease pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to determine the structure and metabolic differences in intestinal microbial communities among the Tibetan and Han populations on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and shed light on the factors that influence the abundance of the microbial communities in the gut. The structural characteristics of intestinal microorganisms were detected from blood and fecal samples using 16S rRNA sequencing. Metabolic characteristics were detected using gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC–TOFMS). The influencing factors were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium were dominant in the intestinal tract of the Han population, while Bacteroides and Prevotella were dominant in that of the Tibetan population, with marked differences in Pseudomonas, Prevotella, and other genera. Ferulic acid and 4-methylcatechol were the main differential metabolites between the Tibetan and Han ethnic groups. This may be the reason for the different adaptability of Tibetan and Han nationalities to the plateau. Alanine aminotransferase and uric acid also have a high correlation with different bacteria and metabolites, which may play a role. These results reveal notable disparities in the compositions and metabolic characteristics of gut microbial communities in the Tibetan and Han people residing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and may provide insights regarding the mechanism of plateau adaptability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial-Host Symbiotic Metabolism Special Edition)
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13 pages, 2314 KiB  
Article
Mechanism of the Change in the Intestinal Microbiota of C-Strain Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) after an Interspecific Transference between Rice and Corn
by Teng Di, Yongping Li, Guangzu Du, Yanyan He, Wenqian Wang, Yunfeng Shen, Jizhi Meng, Wenxiang Xiao, Guanli Xiao and Bin Chen
Microorganisms 2023, 11(10), 2514; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102514 - 08 Oct 2023
Viewed by 825
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was first found in 2019 in Yunnan, China, and it was characterized as a corn strain; it was also found on rice strains there, and it damages rice in China, but little is known about the effect of [...] Read more.
Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was first found in 2019 in Yunnan, China, and it was characterized as a corn strain; it was also found on rice strains there, and it damages rice in China, but little is known about the effect of host plant transfer on the intestinal microbiota and the activities of detoxification enzymes in the C-strain (corn strain) S. frugiperda. The intestinal microbiota and the protective enzyme activity of S. frugiperda that were transferred from rice plants were assessed, and the fourth generation of insects transferred from corn were studied; the gene types of S. frugiperda that were transferred from rice plants were tested using mitochondrial Tpi gene sequences. The results showed that the intestinal microbiota in the C-strain S. frugiperda were changed after the host transference, and the diversity and richness of the intestinal bacterial communities of the S. frugiperda feeding on rice were significantly reduced after the transfer of the host from corn. The predominant species of intestinal bacteria of the S. frugiperda on rice transferred from corn were Enterococcus and Enterobacter, with relative abundances of 28.7% and 66.68%; the predominant species of intestinal bacteria of the S. frugiperda that were transferred from rice and feeding on corn were Enterococcus (22.35%) and Erysipelatoclostridium (73.92%); and the predominant species of intestinal bacteria of S. frugiperda feeding on corn was Enterococcus, with a relative abundance of 61.26%. The CAT (catalase) activity of the S. frugiperda transferred from corn onto rice from corn was reduced, the POD (peroxidase) activity was significantly increased after the transfer from corn, and no significant variations were found for the SOD (superoxide dismutase), CarE (carboxylesterase), and GST (glutathione S-transferase) activities of S. frugiperda after the host plant transfer. The results showed that after feeding on rice, the activities of CAT and POD in the in S. frugiperda body changed in order to resist plant secondary metabolites from corn or rice, but there was no significant change in the detoxification enzymes in the body. In summary, switching the host plant between corn and rice induced variations in the intestinal microbiota in C-strain S. frugiperda owing to the strain difference between the C-strain and the R-strain (rice strain), and this was consistent with the results of the activities of detoxification enzymes. The results indicat that changes in intestinal microbiota and physiological enzymes may be important reasons for the adaptive capacity of C-strain S. frugiperda to rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial-Host Symbiotic Metabolism Special Edition)
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14 pages, 2193 KiB  
Article
Standardized Complex Gut Microbiomes Influence Fetal Growth, Food Intake, and Adult Body Weight in Outbred Mice
by Christa N. Cheatham, Kevin L. Gustafson, Zachary L. McAdams, Giedre M. Turner, Rebecca A. Dorfmeyer and Aaron C. Ericsson
Microorganisms 2023, 11(2), 484; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020484 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1770
Abstract
Obesity places a tremendous burden on individual health and the healthcare system. The gut microbiome (GM) influences host metabolism and behaviors affecting body weight (BW) such as feeding. The GM of mice varies between suppliers and significantly influences BW. We sought to determine [...] Read more.
Obesity places a tremendous burden on individual health and the healthcare system. The gut microbiome (GM) influences host metabolism and behaviors affecting body weight (BW) such as feeding. The GM of mice varies between suppliers and significantly influences BW. We sought to determine whether GM-associated differences in BW are associated with differences in intake, fecal energy loss, or fetal growth. Pair-housed mice colonized with a low or high microbial richness GM were weighed, and the total and BW-adjusted intake were measured at weaning and adulthood. Pups were weighed at birth to determine the effects of the maternal microbiome on fetal growth. Fecal samples were collected to assess the fecal energy loss and to characterize differences in the microbiome. The results showed that supplier-origin microbiomes were associated with profound differences in fetal growth and excessive BW-adjusted differences in intake during adulthood, with no detected difference in fecal energy loss. Agreement between the features of the maternal microbiome associated with increased birth weight here and in recent human studies supports the value of this model to investigate the mechanisms by which the maternal microbiome regulates offspring growth and food intake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial-Host Symbiotic Metabolism Special Edition)
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