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Microorganisms
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Beneficial Microbiota and Disease
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Beneficial Microbiota and Disease

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 7426

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Gianluigi Mauriello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
Interests: microencapsulation; probiotic foods; antimicrobial packaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The gut microbiota influence the development of infectious diseases, gastrointestinal malignancy, obesity, diabetes, liver diseases, allergies, and so on. The application of beneficial species such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria can mitigate pathogenic symptoms by direct or indirect action.

The scope of this Special Issue will include but is not limited to probiotics, prebiotics, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), fecal transplantation, and phage therapy. We invite you to submit research articles, review articles, and communications on the role of beneficial microbiota in the disease.

Prof. Dr. Gianluigi Mauriello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Research

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14 pages, 1817 KiB  
Article
Sex- and Age-Dependent Associations between Parabacteroides and Obesity: Evidence from Two Population Cohort
by Feng Zhang, Xiru Zhang, Jingxiang Fu, Zhuo Duan, Wen Qiu, Yijia Cai, Wenjun Ma, Hongwei Zhou, Yuming Chen, Jusheng Zheng and Yan He
Microorganisms 2023, 11(8), 2087; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11082087 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 893
Abstract
Parabacteroides levels are reported to be low in obese individuals, and this genus has shown an anti-obesity capacity in animal studies. Nevertheless, the relationship between Parabacteroides and obesity in different subpopulations, e.g., with respect to age and sex, and its association with subsequent [...] Read more.
Parabacteroides levels are reported to be low in obese individuals, and this genus has shown an anti-obesity capacity in animal studies. Nevertheless, the relationship between Parabacteroides and obesity in different subpopulations, e.g., with respect to age and sex, and its association with subsequent weight change have rarely been explored. The cross-sectional associations of Parabacteroides genus- and species-level OTU abundance with obesity were explored in the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project (GGMP), which included 5843 adults, and replicated in the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNSH), which included 1637 individuals. Furthermore, we assessed the prospective associations of Parabacteroides and its main OTUs’ abundance with the subsequent changes in body mass index (BMI) in the GNSH. We found that Parabacteroides was inversely associated with obesity among females and participants aged 40–69 years in the GGMP and the replicated cohort in the GNSH. After a 3-year follow-up, there was no significant correlation between Parabacteroides and the subsequent changes in BMI. However, Seq4172 (P. johnsonii) showed a negative correlation with subsequent BMI changes in the female and middle-aged (40–69 years) subpopulations. Overall, our results indicate that Parabacteroides have an inverse relationship with obesity and that Seq4172 (P. johnsonii) have a negative association with subsequent changes in BMI among females and middle-aged populations in perspective analyses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beneficial Microbiota and Disease)
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13 pages, 760 KiB  
Article
The Multi-Strain Probiotic OMNi-BiOTiC® Active Reduces the Duration of Acute Upper Respiratory Disease in Older People: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Controlled Clinical Trial
by Maja Strauss, Dušanka Mičetić Turk, Mateja Lorber, Maja Šikić Pogačar, Anton Koželj, Ksenija Tušek Bunc and Sabina Fijan
Microorganisms 2023, 11(7), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071760 - 05 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1610
Abstract
Immunosenescence is the adverse change in the human immune function during aging, leaving older people more prone to an increased risk of infections and morbidity. Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are very common among older people, often resulting in continued morbidity and [...] Read more.
Immunosenescence is the adverse change in the human immune function during aging, leaving older people more prone to an increased risk of infections and morbidity. Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are very common among older people, often resulting in continued morbidity and mortality. Therefore, approaches, such as consuming probiotics, that shorten the duration or even reduce the incidence of URTIs in older people are being studied. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a multi-strain probiotic OMNi-BiOTiC® Active, which contains 11 live probiotic strains, on the incidence, duration, and severity of URTIs in older people. In this randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study, 95 participants, with an average age of 70.9 years in the probiotic group and 69.6 years in the placebo group, were randomly allocated to two groups: 1010 cfu per day of the multi-strain probiotic intervention OMNi-BiOTiC® Active (49) or placebo (46). The incidence of URTIs in older people after 12 weeks supplementation with OMNi-BiOTiC® showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.5244). However, the duration of the URTI infections was statistically significantly different between the groups (p = 0.011). The participants that consumed the probiotic had an average duration of illness of 3.1 ± 1.6 days, whilst participants that received the placebo had symptoms for an average of 6.0 ± 3.8 days (p = 0.011). Statistically significant differences in lymphocyte counts in both groups after supplementation (p = 0.035 for the probiotic group and p = 0.029 for the placebo group) and between both groups were found (p = 0.009). Statistically significant differences in eosinophil (p = 0.002) and basophil counts (p = 0.001) in the probiotic groups before and after supplementation with probiotics were also found. Supplementation with the multi-strain probiotic OMNi-BiOTiC® Active may benefit older people with URTIs. Larger randomised controlled clinical trials are warranted. Clinical Trial Registration; identifier NCT05879393. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beneficial Microbiota and Disease)
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Review

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18 pages, 343 KiB  
Review
Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Probiotics: The Mechanism and Role in Food and Gut Health
by Mohammed Kamal Salman, Jumana Abuqwider and Gianluigi Mauriello
Microorganisms 2023, 11(3), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030793 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3259
Abstract
Background: Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism that occurs between inter- and intra-bacterial species and is regulated by signaling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). It has been suggested that probiotics can exert a QS inhibitory effect through their metabolites. Purpose: To provide [...] Read more.
Background: Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism that occurs between inter- and intra-bacterial species and is regulated by signaling molecules called autoinducers (AIs). It has been suggested that probiotics can exert a QS inhibitory effect through their metabolites. Purpose: To provide an overview of (1) the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its mechanism against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria; (2) the potential role of the QS of probiotics in gut health; and (3) the impact of microencapsulation on QS. Results: Lactobacillus species have been extensively studied for their anti-QS activity and have been found to effectively disrupt QS in vitro. However, their effectiveness in a food matrix is yet to be determined as they interfere with the AI receptor or its synthesis. QS plays an important role in both the biofilm formation of probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, in vitro and animal studies have shown that QS molecules can modulate cytokine responses and gut dysbiosis and maintain intestinal barrier function. In this scenario, microencapsulation was found to enhance AI activity. However, its impact on the anti-QS activity of probiotics and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Conclusions: Probiotics are potential candidates to block QS activity in foodborne pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. Microencapsulation increases QS efficacy. However, more research is still needed for the identification of the QS inhibitory metabolites from probiotics and for the elucidation of the anti-QS mechanism of probiotics (microcapsules and free cells) in food and the human gut. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beneficial Microbiota and Disease)
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