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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Microbiome and One Health
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Microbiome and One Health

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiomes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 9529

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Naveed Ahmed Khan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
Interests: infectious diseases; drug discovery from novel and unusual sources; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah 269999, United Arab Emirates
Interests: microbiome; One Health; human health and performance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The microbiome is known to play a pivotal role in regulating the behavior and health of its host. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in studies of the human microbiome. However, Homo sapiens are just one species among millions of other species, and we are a relatively new addition to this planet. Other species have shown the ability to adapt, evolve, and survive successfully over millions of years, suggesting that we ought to learn from these species, and these should also be studied. Even with exposure to stressful environments and carcinogenic materials, several species such as cockroaches and crocodiles thrive under conditions that are considered detrimental to Homo sapiens. Logically, such species must have developed mechanisms to protect themselves. In addition to their immune system, their defense may also be attributed to their microbiome.

Given the increasing importance of the microbiome in One Health, it is timely and topical to have a focused Special Issue in this important emergent area to highlight and/or solve age-old problems. This Microbiome and One Health Special Issue will utilize “One Health approaches” to tackle public health challenges of human importance at the human–animal–environmental interface.

Prof. Dr. Naveed Ahmed Khan
Prof. Dr. Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiome
  • One Health
  • public health challenges

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 225 KiB  
Editorial
Microbiome and One Health: Potential of Novel Metabolites from the Gut Microbiome of Unique Species for Human Health
by Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui and Naveed Ahmed Khan
Microorganisms 2023, 11(2), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020481 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1604
Abstract
For thousands of years, the notion that human health and performance are concomitant with the health and diversity of the microbiome has been deliberated upon [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and One Health)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Other

19 pages, 2466 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Plastisphere from Floating Plastics in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, with Emphasis on Viruses
by Ana Luzia Lacerda, Jean-François Briand, Véronique Lenoble, Eliézer Quadro Oreste, Felipe Kessler and Maria Luiza Pedrotti
Microorganisms 2024, 12(3), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030444 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 952
Abstract
Plastics in the ocean create the “plastisphere”, a diverse habitat hosting various life forms. Other than the pollution induced by plastics, the co-occurrence of primary producers, symbiotic organisms, decomposers, and pathogens within the plastisphere raises questions about how they influence the dynamics of [...] Read more.
Plastics in the ocean create the “plastisphere”, a diverse habitat hosting various life forms. Other than the pollution induced by plastics, the co-occurrence of primary producers, symbiotic organisms, decomposers, and pathogens within the plastisphere raises questions about how they influence the dynamics of marine ecosystems. Here, we used a shotgun DNA-sequencing approach to describe the species thriving on floating plastics collected in two Mediterranean sites. Our findings revealed many species of bacteria, eukaryotes, viruses, and archaea on each plastic. Proteobacteria was dominant (70% of reads in the entire dataset), with other groups such as Ascomycota fungi (11%) and Bacteroidetes (9%) also being represented. The community structure was not affected by the polymeric composition or the plastic shape. Notably, pathogenic Vibrio species, including V. campbelli, V. alginolyticus, and V. coralliilyticus, were among the most abundant species. Viruses, despite showing lower relative abundances, occurred in all samples, especially Herpesvirales, Caudovirales, and Poxviridae groups. A significant finding was the presence of the White Spot Syndrome virus (WSSV). This pathogen, responsible for devastating outbreaks in aquaculture systems, had not been previously reported in the marine plastisphere. Our study emphasizes the need for further investigation into the ecological and economic impacts of plastisphere organisms in the ocean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and One Health)
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16 pages, 2492 KiB  
Article
First Detection and Genetic Identification of Wolbachia Endosymbiont in Field-Caught Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes Collected from Southern Taiwan
by Li-Lian Chao and Chien-Ming Shih
Microorganisms 2023, 11(8), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11081911 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1135
Abstract
The prevalence and genetic character of Wolbachia endosymbionts in field-collected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were examined for the first time in Taiwan. A total of 665 Ae. aegypti were screened for Wolbachia infection using a PCR assay targeting the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp [...] Read more.
The prevalence and genetic character of Wolbachia endosymbionts in field-collected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were examined for the first time in Taiwan. A total of 665 Ae. aegypti were screened for Wolbachia infection using a PCR assay targeting the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) gene. In general, the prevalence of Wolbachia infection was detected in 3.3% Ae. aegypti specimens (2.0% female and 5.2% male). Group-specific Wolbachia infection was detected with an infection rate of 1.8%, 0.8% and 0.8% in groups A, B and A&B, respectively. Genetic analysis demonstrated that all Wolbachia strains from Taiwan were phylogenetically affiliated with Wolbachia belonging to the supergroups A and B, with high sequence similarities of 99.4–100% and 99.2–100%, respectively. Phylogenetic relationships can be easily distinguished by maximum likelihood (ML) analysis and were congruent with the unweighted pair group with the arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method. The intra- and inter-group analysis of genetic distance (GD) values revealed a lower level within the Taiwan strains (GD < 0.006 for group A and GD < 0.008 for group B) and a higher level (GD > 0.498 for group A and GD > 0.286 for group B) as compared with other Wolbachia strains. Our results describe the first detection and molecular identification of Wolbachia endosymbiont in field-caught Ae. aegypti mosquitoes collected from Taiwan, and showed a low Wolbachia infection rate belonging to supergroups A and B in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and One Health)
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15 pages, 2605 KiB  
Article
Selected Gut Bacteria from Water Monitor Lizard Exhibit Effects against Pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii Belonging to the T4 Genotype
by Noor Akbar, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Alexander D. Giddey, Nelson C. Soares, Ahmad M. Alharbi, Hasan Alfahemi and Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
Microorganisms 2023, 11(4), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041072 - 20 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1391
Abstract
Water monitor lizards (WMLs) reside in unhygienic and challenging ecological surroundings and are routinely exposed to various pathogenic microorganisms. It is possible that their gut microbiota produces substances to counter microbial infections. Here we determine whether selected gut bacteria of water monitor lizards [...] Read more.
Water monitor lizards (WMLs) reside in unhygienic and challenging ecological surroundings and are routinely exposed to various pathogenic microorganisms. It is possible that their gut microbiota produces substances to counter microbial infections. Here we determine whether selected gut bacteria of water monitor lizards (WMLs) possess anti-amoebic properties using Acanthamoeba castellanii of the T4 genotype. Conditioned media (CM) were prepared from bacteria isolated from WML. The CM were tested using amoebicidal, adhesion, encystation, excystation, cell cytotoxicity and amoeba-mediated host cell cytotoxicity assays in vitro. Amoebicidal assays revealed that CM exhibited anti-amoebic effects. CM inhibited both excystation and encystation in A. castellanii. CM inhibited amoebae binding to and cytotoxicity of host cells. In contrast, CM alone showed limited toxic effects against human cells in vitro. Mass spectrometry revealed several antimicrobials, anticancer, neurotransmitters, anti-depressant and other metabolites with biological functions. Overall, these findings imply that bacteria from unusual places, such as WML gut, produce molecules with anti-acanthamoebic capabilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and One Health)
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Other

Jump to: Editorial, Research

20 pages, 1332 KiB  
Systematic Review
Blood Stream Microbiota Dysbiosis Establishing New Research Standards in Cardio-Metabolic Diseases, A Meta-Analysis Study
by Mohsan Ullah Goraya, Rui Li, Liming Gu, Huixiong Deng and Gefei Wang
Microorganisms 2023, 11(3), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030777 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1815
Abstract
Aims: Scientists have recently discovered a link between the circulating microbiome and homeostasis, as well as the pathogenesis of a number of metabolic diseases. It has been demonstrated that low-grade chronic inflammation is one of the primary mechanisms that has long been implicated [...] Read more.
Aims: Scientists have recently discovered a link between the circulating microbiome and homeostasis, as well as the pathogenesis of a number of metabolic diseases. It has been demonstrated that low-grade chronic inflammation is one of the primary mechanisms that has long been implicated in the risk of cardio-metabolic disease (CMDs) and its progression. Currently, the dysbiosis of circulating bacteria is considered as a key regulator for chronic inflammation in CMDs, which is why we have conducted this systemic review focused on circulating bacterial dysbiosis. Methods: A systemic review of clinical and research-based studies was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. Literature was considered for risk of bias and patterns of intervention effects. A randomized effect model was used to evaluate the dysbiosis of circulating microbiota and clinical outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis considering the circulating bacteria in both healthy people and people with cardio-metabolic disorders, in reports published mainly from 2008 to 2022, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: We searched 627 studies and, after completing the risk of bias and selection, 31 studies comprising of 11,132 human samples were considered. This meta-analysis found that dysbiosis of phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes was associated with metabolic diseases. Conclusions: In most instances, metabolic diseases are linked to higher diversity and elevated bacterial DNA levels. Bacteroides abundance was higher in healthy people than with metabolic disorders. However, more rigorous studies are required to determine the role of bacterial dysbiosis in cardio-metabolic diseases. Understanding the relationship between dysbiosis and cardio-metabolic diseases, we can use the bacteria as therapeutics for the reversal of dysbiosis and targets for therapeutics use in cardio-metabolic diseases. In the future, circulating bacterial signatures can be used as biomarkers for the early detection of metabolic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiome and One Health)
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