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Micromachines
Special Issues
Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications
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Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "E：Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2023) | Viewed by 12270

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yongmin Jeon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
Interests: wearable electronics; biomedical application; OLED; organic electronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wearable bioelectronics is the study of integrating form-factor technologies in electronics with biomedical applications. Wearable bioelectronics technologies include flexible electronics, stretchable electronics, fabric-based electronics, and transparent electronics, etc. By using these various form-factor technologies, it can be extended to attachable/implantable biomedical applications, as well as wearable health care monitoring sensors, wearable electroceuticals, and optogenetics that could not be solved with conventional bioelectronics technology. In order to realize these various wearable bioelectronics, research that converges various fields, such as electronics, biomedical engineering, chemistry, physics, and materials science is required.

To address these challenges, this Special Issue invites high-quality submissions with significant scientific and technical contributions related to key topics in wearable bioelectronics, such as:

  • Two-dimensional and Organic Materials for Flexible & Stretchable Electronics;
  • Flexible and WearableBio Sensor (Pulse Oximeter, etc.);
  • Attachable/Implatnable Bioelectronic Devices (Optogenetics, etc.);
  • Flexible and Stretchable Optoelectronic Devices (OLED, QLED, etc.);
  • Element technology for flexible, stretchable, and transparent (electrode, encapsulation, etc.).

Dr. Yongmin Jeon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 2D materials
  • organic bioelectronics
  • implantable / attachable/ wearable devices
  • flexible / stretchable / transparent bioelectronics
  • bio sensors
  • optogenetics
  • electroceuticals
  • OLED/QLED
  • electrode / encapsulation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 22234 KiB  
Article
Photogating Effect of Atomically Thin Graphene/MoS2/MoTe2 van der Waals Heterostructures
by Do-Hyun Park and Hyo Chan Lee
Micromachines 2023, 14(1), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14010140 - 04 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1814
Abstract
The development of short-wave infrared photodetectors based on various two-dimensional (2D) materials has recently attracted attention because of the ability of these devices to operate at room temperature. Although van der Waals heterostructures of 2D materials with type-II band alignment have significant potential [...] Read more.
The development of short-wave infrared photodetectors based on various two-dimensional (2D) materials has recently attracted attention because of the ability of these devices to operate at room temperature. Although van der Waals heterostructures of 2D materials with type-II band alignment have significant potential for use in short-wave infrared photodetectors, there is a need to develop photodetectors with high photoresponsivity. In this study, we investigated the photogating of graphene using a monolayer-MoS2/monolayer-MoTe2 van der Waals heterostructure. By stacking MoS2/MoTe2 on graphene, we fabricated a broadband photodetector that exhibited a high photoresponsivity (>100 mA/W) and a low dark current (60 nA) over a wide wavelength range (488–1550 nm). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications)
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11 pages, 1751 KiB  
Article
Modification of Electrode Interface with Fullerene-Based Self-Assembled Monolayer for High-Performance Organic Optoelectronic Devices
by Dong Hun Sin, Soo Hyun Kim, Jaewon Lee and Hansol Lee
Micromachines 2022, 13(10), 1613; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13101613 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1680
Abstract
Efficient charge transfer between organic semiconductors and electrode materials at electrode interfaces is essential for achieving high-performance organic optoelectronic devices. For efficient charge injection and extraction at the electrode interface, an interlayer is usually introduced between the organic active layer and electrode. Here, [...] Read more.
Efficient charge transfer between organic semiconductors and electrode materials at electrode interfaces is essential for achieving high-performance organic optoelectronic devices. For efficient charge injection and extraction at the electrode interface, an interlayer is usually introduced between the organic active layer and electrode. Here, a simple and effective approach for further improving charge transfer at the organic active layer–interlayer interface was presented. Treatment of the zinc oxide (ZnO) interlayer, a commonly used n-type interlayer, with a fullerene-based self-assembled monolayer (SAM) effectively improved electron transfer at the organic–ZnO interface, without affecting the morphology and crystalline structure of the organic active layer on the cathode interlayer. Furthermore, this treatment reduced charge recombination in the device, attributed to the improved charge extraction and reduction of undesirable ZnO-donor polymer contacts. The photocurrent density and power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells employing the fullerene-SAM-treated interlayer were ~10% higher than those of the device employing the nontreated interlayer. This improvement arises from the enhanced electron extraction and reduced charge recombination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 4507 KiB  
Review
Interconnection Technologies for Flexible Electronics: Materials, Fabrications, and Applications
by Ratul Kumar Baruah, Hocheon Yoo and Eun Kwang Lee
Micromachines 2023, 14(6), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061131 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2904
Abstract
Flexible electronic devices require metal interconnects to facilitate the flow of electrical signals among the device components, ensuring its proper functionality. There are multiple factors to consider when designing metal interconnects for flexible electronics, including their conductivity, flexibility, reliability, and cost. This article [...] Read more.
Flexible electronic devices require metal interconnects to facilitate the flow of electrical signals among the device components, ensuring its proper functionality. There are multiple factors to consider when designing metal interconnects for flexible electronics, including their conductivity, flexibility, reliability, and cost. This article provides an overview of recent endeavors to create flexible electronic devices through different metal interconnect approaches, with a focus on materials and structural aspects. Additionally, the article discusses emerging flexible applications, such as e-textiles and flexible batteries, as essential considerations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications)
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19 pages, 4605 KiB  
Review
A Review of Various Attempts on Multi-Functional Encapsulation Technologies for the Reliability of OLEDs
by Yongmin Jeon, Hyeongjun Lee, Hyeunwoo Kim and Jeong-Hyun Kwon
Micromachines 2022, 13(9), 1478; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13091478 - 06 Sep 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3130
Abstract
As the demand for flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) grows beyond that for rigid OLEDs, various elements of OLEDs, such as thin-film transistors, electrodes, thin-film encapsulations (TFEs), and touch screen panels, have been developed to overcome OLEDs’ physical and chemical limitations through material [...] Read more.
As the demand for flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) grows beyond that for rigid OLEDs, various elements of OLEDs, such as thin-film transistors, electrodes, thin-film encapsulations (TFEs), and touch screen panels, have been developed to overcome OLEDs’ physical and chemical limitations through material and structural design. In particular, TFEs, which protect OLEDs from the external environment, including reactive gases, heat, sunlight, dust, and particles, have technical difficulties to be solved. This review covers various encapsulation technologies that have been developed with the advent of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology for highly reliable OLEDs, in which solutions to existing technical difficulties in flexible encapsulations are proposed. However, as the conventional encapsulation technologies did not show technological differentiation because researchers have focused only on improving their barrier performance by increasing their thickness and the number of pairs, OLEDs are inevitably vulnerable to environmental degradation induced by ultraviolet (UV) light, heat, and barrier film corrosion. Therefore, research on multi-functional encapsulation technology customized for display applications has been conducted. Many research groups have created functional TFEs by applying nanolaminates, optical Bragg mirrors, and interfacial engineering between layers. As transparent, wearable, and stretchable OLEDs will be actively commercialized beyond flexible OLEDs in the future, customized encapsulation considering the characteristics of the display will be a key technology that guarantees the reliability of the display and accelerates the realization of advanced displays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications)
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19 pages, 3395 KiB  
Review
Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring: Academic Insights and Perspectives Analysis
by Shiyun Li, Can Zhang, Zhirui Xu, Lihua Liang, Ye Tian, Long Li, Huaping Wu and Sheng Zhong
Micromachines 2022, 13(8), 1225; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13081225 - 30 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1773
Abstract
In recent decades, cuffless blood pressure monitoring technology has been a point of research in the field of health monitoring and public media. Based on the web of science database, this paper evaluated the publications in the field from 1990 to 2020 using [...] Read more.
In recent decades, cuffless blood pressure monitoring technology has been a point of research in the field of health monitoring and public media. Based on the web of science database, this paper evaluated the publications in the field from 1990 to 2020 using bibliometric analysis, described the developments in recent years, and presented future research prospects in the field. Through the comparative analysis of keywords, citations, H-index, journals, research institutions, national authors and reviews, this paper identified research hotspots and future research trends in the field of cuffless blood pressure monitoring. From the results of the bibliometric analysis, innovative methods such as machine learning technologies related to pulse transmit time and pulse wave analysis have been widely applied in blood pressure monitoring. The 2091 articles related to cuffless blood pressure monitoring technology were published in 1131 journals. In the future, improving the accuracy of monitoring to meet the international medical blood pressure standards, and achieving portability and miniaturization will remain the development goals of cuffless blood pressure measurement technology. The application of flexible electronics and machine learning strategy in the field will be two major development directions to guide the practical applications of cuffless blood pressure monitoring technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Bioelectronics: Technology, Challenges and Applications)
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