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Micromachines
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μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz
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μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B：Biology and Biomedicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 7090

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wenming Wu

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Guest Editor
National Engineering Research Center for Health Care Devices, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Interests: µTAS; immunoassays; biomimetic; digital microfluidics; microbiology; algorithm; optoelectronics; surface modification and bonding technique; micropump; genetics; PCR; microfabrication; MEMS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Yanyi Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Interests: single-cell analytical chemistry; microfluidic technology; high-throughput genome sequencing technology; biophysics
Prof. Dr. Yonggang Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Microflows and Nanoflows, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong
Interests: flow mechanics; lab on a chip; micro/nano sensor; micro/nano-heat transfer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Pavel Neuzil

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
2. Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno 61600, Czech Republic
Interests: micro-electro-mechanical system; micro/nano fluid; microfluidic chip; polymerase chain reaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

This Special Issue aims to recognize the contributions of Professor Andreas Manz in the field of Miniature Total Analytical Systems (μ-TAS). It will cover a selection of recent studies and review articles about μ-TAS theory and its development and sensing applications. Professor Andreas Manz, one of the pioneers in microchip technology used for chemical applications, is generally considered as the founding father of the “lab-on-a-chip” field. He developed the novel concept of µ-TAS in 1990, which allows complex medical, biological or chemical analyses to be performed quickly and efficiently on a platform no larger than a few square millimeters.

μ-TAS, defined as “a system that periodically performs all sample handing steps required to translate chemical into electronic information at a location that is extremely close to the point of sample collection”, has extended its usefulness into many new fields and disciplines spanning basic research to commercial applications. Moreover, in recent years, μ-TAS have demonstrated enormous potential in the application of biomedical applications, owing to their small size, precise control, and multifunctionality.

This Special Issue aims to showcase reviews or original papers describing current and expected challenges, along with potential solutions for μ-TAS. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • The fundamentals of micro- and nanofluidic systems;
  • Micro/nano-engineering;
  • Sensors/actuators/detection methods;
  • Integrated microfluidic systems;
  • Cell isolation and analysis;
  • Cell/model organism/organ microarray;
  • Applications of diagnostic/therapeutic/translational medicine;
  • Applications of isolation/reaction and others.

Prof. Dr. Wenming Wu
Prof. Dr. Yanyi Huang
Prof. Dr. Yonggang Zhu
Prof. Dr. Pavel Neuzil
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • microTAS
  • lab-on-a-chip
  • micro- and nanofluidic systems
  • POCT
  • clinical medicine

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1714 KiB  
Article
Towards a Point-of-Care Test of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Concentrations for Immune Status Monitoring with Magnetic Flow Cytometry
by Moritz Leuthner, Mathias Reisbeck, Michael Helou and Oliver Hayden
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040520 - 13 Apr 2024
Viewed by 258
Abstract
For the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, the regular assessment of the immune status is indispensable. The quantification of CD4+ T lymphocytes in blood by gold standard optical flow cytometry is not point-of-care testing (POCT) compatible. This incompatibility is due [...] Read more.
For the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, the regular assessment of the immune status is indispensable. The quantification of CD4+ T lymphocytes in blood by gold standard optical flow cytometry is not point-of-care testing (POCT) compatible. This incompatibility is due to unavoidable pre-analytics, expensive and bulky optics with limited portability, and complex workflow integration. Here, we propose a non-optical, magnetic flow cytometry (MFC) workflow that offers effortless integration opportunities, including minimal user interaction, integrated sample preparation and up-concentration, and miniaturization. Furthermore, we demonstrate immunomagnetic CD4+ T lymphocyte labeling in whole blood with subsequent quantification using sheath-less MFC. Showing linearity over two log scales and being largely unimpaired by hematocrit, evidence is provided for POCT capabilities of HIV patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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11 pages, 6992 KiB  
Article
Glass Microdroplet Generator for Lipid-Based Double Emulsion Production
by Alessandra Zizzari and Valentina Arima
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040500 - 05 Apr 2024
Viewed by 388
Abstract
Microfluidics offers a highly controlled and reproducible route to synthesize lipid vesicles. In recent years, several microfluidic approaches have been introduced for this purpose, but double emulsions, such as Water-in-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W) droplets, are preferable to produce giant vesicles that are able to maximize [...] Read more.
Microfluidics offers a highly controlled and reproducible route to synthesize lipid vesicles. In recent years, several microfluidic approaches have been introduced for this purpose, but double emulsions, such as Water-in-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W) droplets, are preferable to produce giant vesicles that are able to maximize material encapsulation. Flow focusing (FF) is a technique used to generate double emulsion droplets with high monodispersity, a controllable size, and good robustness. Many researchers use polydimethylsiloxane as a substrate material to fabricate microdroplet generators, but it has some limitations due to its hydrophobicity, incompatibility with organic solvents, and the molecular adsorption on the microchannel walls. Thus, specific surface modification and functionalization steps, which are uncomfortable to perform in closed microchannels, are required to overcome these shortcomings. Here, we propose glass as a material to produce a chip with a six-inlet junction geometry. The peculiar geometry and the glass physicochemical properties allow for W/O/W droplet formation without introducing microchannel wall functionalization and using a variety of reagents and organic solvents. The robust glass chip can be easily cleaned and used repeatedly, bringing advantages in terms of cost and reproducibility in emulsion preparation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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11 pages, 2027 KiB  
Article
Continuous Perfusion Experiments on 3D Cell Proliferation in Acoustic Levitation
by Luca Fabiano, Shilpi Pandey, Martin Brischwein, Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari and Oliver Hayden
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040436 - 25 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 672
Abstract
An acoustofluidic trap is used for accurate 3D cell proliferation and cell function analysis in levitation. The prototype trap can be integrated with any microscope setup, allowing continuous perfusion experiments with temperature and flow control under optical inspection. To describe the trap function, [...] Read more.
An acoustofluidic trap is used for accurate 3D cell proliferation and cell function analysis in levitation. The prototype trap can be integrated with any microscope setup, allowing continuous perfusion experiments with temperature and flow control under optical inspection. To describe the trap function, we present a mathematical and FEM-based COMSOL model for the acoustic mode that defines the nodal position of trapped objects in the spherical cavity aligned with the microscope field of view and depth of field. Continuous perfusion experiments were conducted in sterile conditions over 55 h with a K562 cell line, allowing for deterministic monitoring. The acoustofluidic platform allows for rational in vitro cell testing imitating in vivo conditions such as cell function tests or cell–cell interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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14 pages, 5901 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of Molecular Transport into Film Stacked Structures for Micro-Immunoassay by Unsteady Rotation
by Hinata Maeno, Satoshi Ogata, Tetsuhide Shimizu and Ming Yang
Micromachines 2023, 14(4), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14040744 - 28 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1290
Abstract
A film-stacked structure consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films stacked in a gap of 20 µm that can be combined with 96-well microplates used in biochemical analysis has been developed by the authors. When this structure is inserted into a well and rotated, [...] Read more.
A film-stacked structure consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films stacked in a gap of 20 µm that can be combined with 96-well microplates used in biochemical analysis has been developed by the authors. When this structure is inserted into a well and rotated, convection flow is generated in the narrow gaps between the films to enhance the chemical/bio reaction between the molecules. However, since the main component of the flow is a swirling flow, only a part of the solution circulates into the gaps, and reaction efficiency is not achieved as designed. In this study, an unsteady rotation is applied to promote the analyte transport into the gaps using the secondary flow generated on the surface of the rotating disk. Finite element analysis is used to evaluate the changes in flow and concentration distribution for each rotation operation and to optimize the rotation conditions. In addition, the molecular binding ratio for each rotation condition is evaluated. It is shown that the unsteady rotation accelerates the binding reaction of proteins in an ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay), a type of immunoassay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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10 pages, 2896 KiB  
Article
Cost-Effective Droplet Generator for Portable Bio-Applications
by Lin Du, Yuxin Li, Jie Wang, Zijian Zhou, Tian Lan, Dalei Jing, Wenming Wu and Jia Zhou
Micromachines 2023, 14(2), 466; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020466 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1742
Abstract
The convenient division of aqueous samples into droplets is necessary for many biochemical and medical analysis applications. In this article, we propose the design of a cost-effective droplet generator for potential bio-chemical application, featuring two symmetric tubes. The new droplet generator revisits the [...] Read more.
The convenient division of aqueous samples into droplets is necessary for many biochemical and medical analysis applications. In this article, we propose the design of a cost-effective droplet generator for potential bio-chemical application, featuring two symmetric tubes. The new droplet generator revisits the relationship between capillary components and liquid flow rates. The size of generated droplets by prototype depends only on generator dimensions, without precisely needing to control external flow conditions or driving pressure, even when the relative extreme difference in flow rate for generating nL level droplets is over 57.79%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the volume of droplets is barely about 9.80%. A dropper working as a pressure resource is used to verify the rapidity and robustness of this principle of droplet generation, which shows great potential for a wide range of droplet-based applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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9 pages, 2502 KiB  
Article
Trophoblast Migration with Different Oxygen Levels in a Gel-Patterned Microfluidic System
by Gun Ko, Tae-Joon Jeon and Sun Min Kim
Micromachines 2022, 13(12), 2216; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13122216 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1766
Abstract
In the placenta, substances such as nutrients, oxygen, and by-products are exchanged between the mother and the fetus, and the proper formation of the placenta determines the success of pregnancy, including the growth of the fetus. Preeclampsia is an obstetric disease in which [...] Read more.
In the placenta, substances such as nutrients, oxygen, and by-products are exchanged between the mother and the fetus, and the proper formation of the placenta determines the success of pregnancy, including the growth of the fetus. Preeclampsia is an obstetric disease in which the incomplete formation of the placenta occurs, which is known to occur when there is an abnormality in the invasion of trophoblast cells. The invasion of trophoblast cells is controlled by oxygen concentration, and HIF-1α changes according to oxygen concentration, showing a difference in cell mobility. MMP-2 and MMP-9 are observed to be high in the endometrium involved in trophoblast invasion, and the expression is regulated according to the oxygen concentration. In this experiment, cell culture was conducted using a gel-patterned system with a hypoxic chamber. Before the chip experiment, the difference in the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 according to the oxygen concentration was confirmed using a hypoxia chamber. After that, trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) and endothelial cells (HUVECs) were separated and cultured through a physical barrier through a hydrogel on a microfluidic chip. Cells were cultured in a hypoxic chamber under controlled oxygen levels. It was confirmed that the mobility of trophoblast cells in culture on the chip was upregulated in a hypoxic environment through oxygen control. This suggests that the formation of a hypoxic environment in the endometrium where the invasion of trophoblast cells occurs plays a role in increasing cell mobility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue μ-TAS: A Themed Issue in Honor of Professor Andreas Manz)
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