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Micromachines
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MEMS and Piezoelectric Sensors for Biomedical Applications
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MEMS and Piezoelectric Sensors for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B：Biology and Biomedicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 3835

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tung-Li Hsieh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
Interests: biomedical signal processing; biomedical intelligent sensing; biomedical optical sensing; control architecture and application
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jau-Woei Perng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
Interests: artificial intelligent; automatic control; signal processing; intelligent vehicle; robotic; system engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cheng-Yan Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Accurate Meditech Inc., New Taipei 241406, Taiwan, China
Interests: robotics; biomedical signal processing; image processing; computer vision; sensors; embedded system

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on advanced MEMS and piezoelectric sensors research for the vital sign monitoring of wearable devices, emphasizing their advantages for wearable device design. Furthermore, the issue analyzes the contribution of continuous vital sign monitoring to the research in biomedicine and the advantages of compact wearable device design for health technology. Our primary goal is to collect research and review articles that include novel wearable device designs, scientific method-based analyses, and contributions to the biomedical field and medical technology.

We look forward to receiving your submissions!

Dr. Tung-Li Hsieh
Prof. Dr. Jau-Woei Perng
Guest Editors

Dr. Cheng-Yan Guo
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • MEMS sensors biomedical applications
  • piezoelectric sensors biomedical applications
  • vital sign monitoring
  • compact wearable monitoring devices for healthcare
  • diagnosis and prediction with sensor signals
  • bio-piezoelectricity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3606 KiB  
Article
Effect of Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization on DNA Damage Using a Quartz Tuning Fork Sensor
by Nadyah Alanazi, Reem Alanazi, Mahmoud Algawati, Khaled Alzahrani and Abdullah N. Alodhayb
Micromachines 2023, 14(10), 1963; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14101963 - 21 Oct 2023
Viewed by 856
Abstract
The development of sensor technology enables the creation of DNA-based biosensors for biomedical applications. Herein, a quartz tuning fork (QTF) sensing system was employed as a transducer for biomedical applications to address indirect DNA damage associated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and enhance the [...] Read more.
The development of sensor technology enables the creation of DNA-based biosensors for biomedical applications. Herein, a quartz tuning fork (QTF) sensing system was employed as a transducer for biomedical applications to address indirect DNA damage associated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and enhance the effectiveness of low-dose gamma radiation in radiation therapy. The experiment included two stages, namely during and after irradiation exposure; shift frequencies (Δf) were measured for 20 min in each stage. During the irradiation stage, the QTF response to DNA damage was investigated in a deionized aqueous solution with and without 100 nm GNPs at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 µg/mL). Upon exposure to gamma radiation for 20 min at a dose rate of 2.4 µGy/min, the ratio of Δf/ΔT indicates increased fork displacement frequencies with or without GNPs. Additionally, DNA damage associated with high and low GNP concentrations was evaluated using the change in the resonance frequency of the QTF. The results indicate that GNPs at 15 and 10 µg/mL were associated with high damage-enhancement ratios, while saturation occurred at 20 µg/mL. At 15 µg/mL, significant radiotherapy enhancement occurred compared to that at 10 µg/mL at 10 min after exposure. In the post-irradiation stage, the frequency considerably differed between 15 and 10 µg/mL. Finally, these results significantly depart from the experimental predictions in the post-radiation stage. They exhibited no appreciable direct effect on DNA repair owing to the absence of an environment that promotes DNA repair following irradiation. However, these findings demonstrate the potential of enhancing damage by combining GNP-mediated radiation sensitization and biosensor technology. Thus, QTF is recommended as a reliable measure of DNA damage to investigate the dose enhancement effect at various GNP concentrations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS and Piezoelectric Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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14 pages, 6560 KiB  
Article
A Hemodynamic Pulse Wave Simulator Designed for Calibration of Local Pulse Wave Velocities Measurement for Cuffless Techniques
by Cheng-Yan Guo, Jau-Woei Perng, Li-Ching Chen and Tung-Li Hsieh
Micromachines 2023, 14(6), 1218; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061218 - 09 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1446
Abstract
Objective: Devices for cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement have become increasingly widespread in recent years. Non-invasive continuous BP monitor (BPM) devices can diagnose potential hypertensive patients at an early stage; however, these cuffless BPMs require more reliable pulse wave simulation equipment and verification [...] Read more.
Objective: Devices for cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement have become increasingly widespread in recent years. Non-invasive continuous BP monitor (BPM) devices can diagnose potential hypertensive patients at an early stage; however, these cuffless BPMs require more reliable pulse wave simulation equipment and verification methods. Therefore, we propose a device to simulate human pulse wave signals that can test the accuracy of cuffless BPM devices using pulse wave velocity (PWV). Methods: We design and develop a simulator capable of simulating human pulse waves comprising an electromechanical system to simulate the circulatory system and an arm model-embedded arterial phantom. These parts form a pulse wave simulator with hemodynamic characteristics. We use a cuffless device for measuring local PWV as the device under test to measure the PWV of the pulse wave simulator. We then use a hemodynamic model to fit the cuffless BPM and pulse wave simulator results; this model can rapidly calibrate the cuffless BPM’s hemodynamic measurement performance. Results: We first used multiple linear regression (MLR) to generate a cuffless BPM calibration model and then investigated differences between the measured PWV with and without MLR model calibration. The mean absolute error of the studied cuffless BPM without the MLR model is 0.77 m/s, which improves to 0.06 m/s when using the model for calibration. The measurement error of the cuffless BPM at BPs of 100–180 mmHg is 1.7–5.99 mmHg before calibration, which decreases to 0.14–0.48 mmHg after calibration. Conclusion: This study proposes a design of a pulse wave simulator based on hemodynamic characteristics and provides a standard performance verification method for cuffless BPMs that requires only MLR modeling on the cuffless BPM and pulse wave simulator. The pulse wave simulator proposed in this study can be used to quantitively assess the performance of cuffless BPMs. The proposed pulse wave simulator is suitable for mass production for the verification of cuffless BPMs. As cuffless BPMs become increasingly widespread, this study can provide performance testing standards for cuffless devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS and Piezoelectric Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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12 pages, 2506 KiB  
Article
Toward the Real-Time and Rapid Quantification of Bacterial Cells Utilizing a Quartz Tuning Fork Sensor
by Abeer Alshammari, Sabaa T. Abdulmawla, Reem Alsaigh, Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani, Norah Salim Aldosari, Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy, Abdulaziz K. Assaifan, Hamad Albrithen, Khalid E. Alzahrani and Abdullah N. Alodhayb
Micromachines 2023, 14(6), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061114 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 922
Abstract
The quantitative evaluation of bacterial populations is required in many studies, particularly in the field of microbiology. The current techniques can be time-consuming and require a large volume of samples and trained laboratory personnel. In this regard, on-site, easy-to-use, and direct detection techniques [...] Read more.
The quantitative evaluation of bacterial populations is required in many studies, particularly in the field of microbiology. The current techniques can be time-consuming and require a large volume of samples and trained laboratory personnel. In this regard, on-site, easy-to-use, and direct detection techniques are desirable. In this study, a quartz tuning fork (QTF) was investigated for the real-time detection of E. coli in different media, as well as the ability to determine the bacterial state and correlate the QTF parameters to the bacterial concentration. QTFs that are commercially available can also be used as sensitive sensors of viscosity and density by determining the QTFs’ damping and resonance frequency. As a result, the influence of viscous biofilm adhered to its surface should be detectable. First, the response of a QTF to different media without E. coli was investigated, and Luria–Bertani broth (LB) growth medium caused the largest change in frequency. Then, the QTF was tested against different concentrations of E. coli (i.e., 102–105 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL)). As the E. coli concentration increased, the frequency decreased from 32.836 to 32.242 kHz. Similarly, the quality factor decreased with the increasing E. coli concentration. With a coefficient (R) of 0.955, a linear correlation between the QTF parameters and bacterial concentration was established with a 26 CFU/mL detection limit. Furthermore, a considerable change in frequency was observed against live and dead cells in different media. These observations demonstrate the ability of QTFs to distinguish between different bacterial states. QTFs allow real-time, rapid, low-cost, and non-destructive microbial enumeration testing that requires only a small volume of liquid sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS and Piezoelectric Sensors for Biomedical Applications)
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