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Metals
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FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing
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FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11651

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Evangelos Hristoforou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
Interests: sensors; magnetic materials; biotechnology; structure and properties of materials; steel health monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Steel condition monitoring is a key issue in all steel structures. However, the main issue arises in the steel production or manufacturing lines. Keeping the mechanical and other properties of steel within certain limits, then steel producers, manufacturers, and users are more sure about the healthy condition of their products.

Up to now, all steel production and manufacturing methodologies have been based on standards, concerning proper recipes in hot or cold rolling, heat treatments, etc. Faultless steel production and manufacturing must be based on a continuous on-line automated feedback control based on the monitoring and rehabilitation of their properties.

This is the focal point of this Special Issue: to provide methods and technologies to realize a continuous feedback control system for faultless steel production and manufacturing. Therefore, we are inviting papers on: methods and technologies for steel condition monitoring; methods and technologies for rapid, on-line, and localized steel treatment; and finally certification methods for holistic type approval of a steel product.

Prof. Evangelos V. Hristoforou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Non-destructive testing
  • Condition monitoring
  • Feedback control
  • Heat treatment methods
  • Steel treatment methods

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3574 KiB  
Article
Consideration of Magnetic Measurements for Characterisation of Ferrite–Martensite Commercial Dual-Phase (DP) Steel and Basis for Optimisation of the Operating Magnetic Field for Open Loop Deployable Sensors
by Mohsen Aghadavoudi Jolfaei, Lei Zhou and Claire Davis
Metals 2021, 11(3), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11030490 - 16 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2151
Abstract
The magnetic properties of commercial dual-phase (DP) steels (DP600, DP800 and DP1000 grades) were evaluated using initial permeability, incremental permeability and coercivity and correlated with the key microstructural differences between the grades. The ferrite grain sizes and ferrite fractions have been compared with [...] Read more.
The magnetic properties of commercial dual-phase (DP) steels (DP600, DP800 and DP1000 grades) were evaluated using initial permeability, incremental permeability and coercivity and correlated with the key microstructural differences between the grades. The ferrite grain sizes and ferrite fractions have been compared with the magnetic parameters obtained from minor and major magnetisation loops within each DP grade. It has been revealed that the incremental permeability increases with the applied magnetic field amplitude to reach a peak and then drops at a higher magnetic field, with the values being different for the three DP grades at a lower field and converging to a similar permeability value at the high field. The effects of ferrite grain size and phase fraction on the incremental permeability are considered, and it has been shown that the influence of ferrite grain boundaries on magnetic permeability is more dominant than the effect of ferrite fraction in commercial DP steel samples. An analysis of the correlation between coercivity and initial permeability with tensile strength shows that the initial permeability provides a slightly better prediction of strength for the steels examined, which is believed to be due to the fact that a combination of reversible and irreversible domain components affect the coercivity value, while the initial permeability is predominantly affected by reversible domain movements. Based on the trend between incremental permeability and applied magnetic field and the commercial EM sensor (EMspec) operating parameters, the effect of lift-off and hence magnetic field strength on the sensitivity to DP steel properties can be assessed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing)
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11 pages, 5378 KiB  
Article
Smart Stress Annihilation in Steels Using Residual Stress Distribution Monitoring and Localized Induction Heating
by Kaiming Liang, Panagiotis Tsarabaris, Aphrodite Ktena, Xiaofang Bi and Evangelos Hristoforou
Metals 2020, 10(6), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060838 - 24 Jun 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3331
Abstract
The monitoring and control of residual stresses and microstructure are of paramount importance for the steel industry. Residual stress annihilation is needed during the entire lifetime of steels. In this paper, we presented a stress monitoring and annihilation method, based on a force [...] Read more.
The monitoring and control of residual stresses and microstructure are of paramount importance for the steel industry. Residual stress annihilation is needed during the entire lifetime of steels. In this paper, we presented a stress monitoring and annihilation method, based on a force sensor for stress monitoring and an induction heater for localized heat treatment and corresponding stress annihilation. The heat treatment results indicated an at least 90% reduction of localized stresses, allowing for the implementation of the method in steel production and manufacturing to improve steel quality and perform faultless steel production and manufacturing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing)
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11 pages, 1721 KiB  
Article
Nondestructive Investigation of Neutron Irradiation Generated Structural Changes of Reactor Steel Material by Magnetic Hysteresis Method
by Gábor Vértesy, Antal Gasparics, Inge Uytdenhouwen, Ildikó Szenthe, Ferenc Gillemot and Rachid Chaouadi
Metals 2020, 10(5), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050642 - 15 May 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2383
Abstract
The neutron irradiation embrittlement of four different types of nuclear pressure vessel materials (three base metals and one weld material) were investigated by a magnetic nondestructive testing method, magnetic adaptive testing (MAT). The method is based on the measurement of minor magnetic hysteresis [...] Read more.
The neutron irradiation embrittlement of four different types of nuclear pressure vessel materials (three base metals and one weld material) were investigated by a magnetic nondestructive testing method, magnetic adaptive testing (MAT). The method is based on the measurement of minor magnetic hysteresis loops on Charpy specimens irradiated by neutrons in the BR2 reactor. Due to the neutron irradiation, the structure of the material was modified. The Charpy impact method is suitable for destructive characterization of material embrittlement. The results of Charpy impact test measurements at SCK CEN Belgian Nuclear Research Centre were compared with the nondestructively measured magnetic parameters. A definite correlation was found between magnetic descriptors and the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT), regardless of the type of material or irradiation condition. The results suggest that this “calibration curve“ can be used to estimate the DBTT from non-destructive measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing)
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12 pages, 4787 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Texture Evolution during Recrystallization by Laser-Induced Transient Thermal Grating Method
by Anmin Yin, Xiaodong Xu, Shuyi Zhang, Christ Glorieux, Xuedao Shu, Yufan Wang and Xuejun Yan
Metals 2019, 9(3), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9030288 - 04 Mar 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2643
Abstract
The analyses of texture evolution of cold rolled interstitial free (IF) steel sheets during annealing and recrystallization are presented, in which the dispersion curves of surface acoustic waves (SAW) excited by laser-induced transient thermal grating method are measured. The results show that the [...] Read more.
The analyses of texture evolution of cold rolled interstitial free (IF) steel sheets during annealing and recrystallization are presented, in which the dispersion curves of surface acoustic waves (SAW) excited by laser-induced transient thermal grating method are measured. The results show that the angular anisotropy of the SAW velocity changes due to the texture changes at different stages of recrystallization. The theoretically simulated angular dispersion of SAW velocity within individual crystal revealed that the change of SAW velocity is closely related to recrystallization texture evolution. A model for the angular dependence of the SAW velocity in textured polycrystalline IF steel with different oriented crystals is presented and the simulations are yielded, which show that the results agree with those of experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue FaSTeP: Faultless Steel Production and Manufacturing)
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