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Metabolites
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The Role of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants in Alzheimer’s Disease
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The Role of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants in Alzheimer’s Disease

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 October 2023) | Viewed by 3032

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City 61519, Minia, Egypt
Interests: natural products; metabolomics; marine microbiology; endophytes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Omnia Hesham Abdelhafez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, P.O. Box 61111, New Minia City 61519, Minia, Egypt
Interests: natural products; pharmacognosy; medicinal plants; metabolism
Dr. Nourhan Hisham Shady

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, P.O. Box 61111, New Minia City 61519, Minia, Egypt
Interests: natural products; sponges; medicinal plants; actinomycetes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents a major socioeconomic burden worldwide. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is clinically described by cognitive dysfunction as well as disorders in behavior and personality. The risk of acquiring Alzheimer’s disease increases dramatically with age. Thus, with an aging population, the number of people affected is set to increase even further, necessitating the development of therapeutic strategies capable of reversing or stopping the degenerative process. However, elevated oxidative stress has been revealed as a prominent and early aspect of vulnerable neurons in AD. Exposure to oxidative stress stimulates the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which consecutively triggers cell damage in the form of protein, lipid, and DNA oxidation. Raised ROS levels are also coupled with the elevated accumulation of amyloid-β and the formation of senile plaques—a characteristic feature of the AD brain. Therefore, antioxidant substances are considered potential drug candidates as a treatment or preventive therapy of Alzheimer’s disease.

In the present Special Issue, we encourage submissions that detail the following topics: the isolation of natural products and extracts from natural sources, such as food waste or byproducts; the characterization of their metabolites; the design, synthesis, and structural elucidation of natural product molecules using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques; as well as the in vitro and in vivo documentation of their antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer’s properties.

Multidisciplinary manuscripts are encouraged, while those that only report the results of colorimetric antioxidant and phenolic determination assays (e.g., Folin–Ciocalteu, FRAP, and DPPH assays) without any characterization of plant extracts/essential oils with LC-DAD, LC-MS, GC-FID, or GC-MS will be not suitable for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
Dr. Omnia Hesham Abdelhafez
Dr. Nourhan Hisham Shady
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Alzheimer’s
  • dementia
  • antioxidants
  • natural products
  • food byproducts
  • polyphenols
  • synthetic derivatives
  • in silico approaches
  • pharmacological network

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 6614 KiB  
Article
Citronellal as a Promising Candidate for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on In Silico and In Vivo Anti-Acetylcholine Esterase Activity
by Pavani K, D S. N. B. K. Prasanth, Murthy K. R. Shadakshara, Sheikh F. Ahmad, Ramanjaneyulu Seemaladinne, Mithun Rudrapal and Praveen Kumar Pasala
Metabolites 2023, 13(11), 1133; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13111133 - 04 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
One of the primary therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves the modulation of Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity to elevate acetylcholine (ACh) levels inside the brain. The current study employed computational chemistry approaches to evaluate the inhibitory effects of CTN on AChE. [...] Read more.
One of the primary therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves the modulation of Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity to elevate acetylcholine (ACh) levels inside the brain. The current study employed computational chemistry approaches to evaluate the inhibitory effects of CTN on AChE. The docking results showed that Citronellal (CTN) and standard Donepezil (DON) have a binding affinity of −6.5 and −9.2 Kcal/mol, respectively, towards AChE. Further studies using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out on these two compounds. Binding free energy calculations and ligand-protein binding patterns suggested that CTN has a binding affinity of −12.2078. In contrast, DON has a much stronger binding relationship of −47.9969, indicating that the standard DON has a much higher binding affinity than CTN for AChE. In an in vivo study, Alzheimer-type dementia was induced in mice by scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg/day i.p) for 14 days. CTN was administered (25 and 50 mg/kg. i.p) along with scopolamine (SCO) administration. DON (0.5 mg/kg orally) was used as a reference drug. CTN administration significantly improved the mice’s behavior as evaluated by the Morris water maze test, evident from decreased escape latency to 65.4%, and in the CPS test, apparent from reduced escape latency to 69.8% compared to the positive control mice. Moreover, CTN significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to SCO. Furthermore, CTN administration significantly decreased SCO-induced elevated AChE levels in mice. These results were supported by histopathological and in silico molecular docking studies. CTN may be a potential antioxidant and neuroprotective supplement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants in Alzheimer’s Disease)
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19 pages, 3646 KiB  
Article
Anti-Alzheimer Potential of a New (+)-Pinitol Glycoside Isolated from Tamarindus indica Pulp: In Vivo and In Silico Evaluations
by Esraa M. Mohamed, Abeer H. Elmaidomy, Rania Alaaeldin, Faisal Alsenani, Faisal H. Altemani, Naseh A. Algehainy, Mohammad A Alanazi, Alaa Bagalagel, Abdulhamid Althagafi, Mahmoud A Elrehany and Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
Metabolites 2023, 13(6), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13060732 - 07 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1280
Abstract
Tamarindus indica Linn (tamarind, F. Leguminosae) is one of the most widely consumed edible fruits in the world. Phytochemical investigation of tamarind pulp n-butanol fraction yielded one new (+)-pinitol glycoside compound 1 (25% w/w), and 1D, 2D NMR, and [...] Read more.
Tamarindus indica Linn (tamarind, F. Leguminosae) is one of the most widely consumed edible fruits in the world. Phytochemical investigation of tamarind pulp n-butanol fraction yielded one new (+)-pinitol glycoside compound 1 (25% w/w), and 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS investigation were used to confirm the new compound’s structure. (+)-Pinitol glycoside showed anti-Alzheimer potential that was confirmed in prophylactic and treatment groups by decreasing time for the T-maze test; decreased TAO, brain and serum AChE, MDA, tau protein levels, and β amyloid peptide protein levels; and increasing GPX, SOD levels, and in vivo regression of the neurodegenerative features of Alzheimer’s dementia in an aluminum-intoxicated rat model. The reported molecular targets for human Alzheimer’s disease were then used in a network pharmacology investigation to examine their complex interactions and identify the key targets in the disease pathogenesis. An in silico-based analysis (molecular docking, binding free energy calculation (ΔGBinding), and molecular dynamics simulation) was performed to identify the potential targets for compound 1. The findings of this study may lead to the development of dietary supplements for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants in Alzheimer’s Disease)
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