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Metabolites
Special Issues
Metabolic Syndrome: Causes and Effects
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Metabolic Syndrome: Causes and Effects

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 4160

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109-1023, USA
Interests: cancer; immunotherapy; cancer cachexia; metabolism; metabolites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nimer Assy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Galil Medical Center, Internal Medicine A, Nahariya 221001, Israel
Interests: liver regeneration; NAFLD; metabolic syndrome; NASH; cirrhosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome constitutes a group of three to five conditions which increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. A combination of elevated waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and low HDL cholesterol, which constitute the parameters of metabolic syndrome, can alter the metabolism of the entire body.

There is increasing interest around factors that trigger the development of metabolic syndrome, such as dietary intake of specific nutrient combinations, genetic predisposition, or inflammation. In recent years, the incidence of metabolic syndrome has increased worldwide, affecting more and more individuals.

The intention of this Special Issue is to share additional scientific data that could enhance our knowledge of the causes and effects of metabolic syndrome. Additionally, it aims to further clarify the role of metabolic syndrome in specific groups of people/patients and diseases.

We are pleased to invite clinicians and researchers to submit any relevant scientific work on this interesting and promising Special Issue of Metabolites.

We look forward to your contributions.

Dr. Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi
Dr. Nimer Assy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome
  • dietary intake
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • prevention
  • prognostic factor
  • nutrition
  • metabolism
  • nutritional status

Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 1510 KiB  
Article
Oral Administration of Chaetoceros gracilis—A Marine Microalga—Alleviates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Rats Fed a High-Sucrose and Cholesterol-Containing Diet
by Bungo Shirouchi, Yuri Kawahara, Yuka Kutsuna, Mina Higuchi, Mai Okumura, Sarasa Mitsuta, Norio Nagao and Kazunari Tanaka
Metabolites 2023, 13(3), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13030436 - 16 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1510
Abstract
Microalgae are attracting attention as a next-generation alternative source of protein and essential fatty acids that do not consume large amounts of water or land. Chaetoceros gracilis (C. gracilis)—a marine microalga—is rich in proteins, fucoxanthin, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Growing [...] Read more.
Microalgae are attracting attention as a next-generation alternative source of protein and essential fatty acids that do not consume large amounts of water or land. Chaetoceros gracilis (C. gracilis)—a marine microalga—is rich in proteins, fucoxanthin, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Growing evidence indicates that dietary fucoxanthin and EPA have beneficial effects in humans. However, none of these studies have shown that dietary C. gracilis has beneficial effects in mammals. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary C. gracilis on lipid abnormalities in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-sucrose cholesterol-containing diet. Dried C. gracilis was added to the control diet at a final dose of 2 or 5% (w/w). After four weeks, the soleus muscle weights were found to be dose-responsive to C. gracilis and showed a tendency to increase. The hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by C. gracilis feeding compared to those in the control group. The activities of FAS and G6PDH, which are related to fatty acid de novo synthesis, were found to be dose-responsive to C. gracilis and tended to decrease. The hepatic glycerol content was also significantly decreased by C. gracilis feeding, and the serum HDL cholesterol levels were significantly increased, whereas the serum levels of cholesterol absorption markers (i.e., campesterol and β-sitosterol) and the hepatic mRNA levels of Scarb1 were significantly decreased. Water-soluble metabolite analysis showed that the muscular contents of several amino acids, including leucine, were significantly increased by C. gracilis feeding. The tendency toward an increase in the weight of the soleus muscle as a result of C. gracilis feeding may be due to the enhancement of muscle protein synthesis centered on leucine. Collectively, these results show that the oral administration of C. gracilis alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation in rats fed a high-sucrose and cholesterol-containing diet, indicating the potential use of C. gracilis as a food resource. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome: Causes and Effects)
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16 pages, 1934 KiB  
Systematic Review
High Versus Low Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet for Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Evangelia Kotzakioulafi, Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, Lydia Chrysoula, Xenophon Theodoridis, Christina Antza, Ilias Tirodimos and Michail Chourdakis
Metabolites 2023, 13(7), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13070779 - 22 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1817
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT-2) presents with a growing incidence, and its complications contribute mainly to cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. DMT-2 prevention and early stage management include lifestyle modification by adopting healthy eating patterns and increasing physical activity levels. The Mediterranean diet [...] Read more.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT-2) presents with a growing incidence, and its complications contribute mainly to cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. DMT-2 prevention and early stage management include lifestyle modification by adopting healthy eating patterns and increasing physical activity levels. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with beneficial effects on human health and has been found effective for preventing and managing DMT-2. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate whether the level of MD adherence plays a role in DMT-2 prevention and to what extent. A systematic literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was conducted until November 2022, and related observational studies fulfilling the eligibility criteria were included. The literature search concluded with 24 studies in the qualitative analysis and 23 studies in the quantitative analysis. Of those, 18 cohort studies were eligible for meta-analysis with hazard ratio as effect size and five studies providing odds ratio as effect size. The cohort studies included 248,140 participants with a mean follow-up of 10.8 years (3 to 22 years). Individuals with high adherence to MD presented an 11% and 18% decrease in risk and odds, respectively, of developing DMT-2 compared to those with low MD adherence (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.83 to 0.95) and (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.72 to 0.93). In studies where the follow-up was longer than 10 years, the 12% decrease in the risk of developing DMT-2 remained (HR 0.88 95%CI 0.84 to 0.92), whereas in studies where follow-up was less than 10 years, no difference between groups with different levels of adherence was found. Long-term high MD adherence is associated with a reduced risk of developing DMT-2, but further studies are needed to confirm these results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome: Causes and Effects)
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