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Membranes
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Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications
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Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymeric Membranes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 11310

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jinwu Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726-2398, USA
Interests: wood and cellulose utilization
Dr. Lanxing Du

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
College of Forestry, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
Interests: wood-based composite materials; wood resources reuse

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

We are pleased to invite you to report your research findings in this Special Issue of Membranes. A membrane is defined as a selective barrier, which allows some things to pass through while preventing others. Membrane technology utilizes this selective permeation to regulate molecules and ions flow for containment, concentration, separation, and purification. It can improve process and energy efficiency in the fields of drug delivery, tissue engineering, water filtration, chemical recovery, greenhouse gases capture, moisture removal, etc. Membranes are typically made from synthetic polymers; however, due to increasing concerns regarding petroleum-based plastic pollution, bio-based and biodegradable membranes are emerging as alternatives to synthetic polymers. Traditionally, regenerated cellulose has been used to create dialysis membranes. However, newly emerging technologies such as cellulose nanotechnology are being used to make cellulose membranes. 

This Special Issue aims to report advances in the composition, design, processing, characterization, and applications of cellulose membranes made from regenerated cellulose, cellulose nanomaterials, cellulose derivatives, and other materials that contain substantial cellulose, from various sources of cellulose such as woody plants, bast fibers, cotton,  bacteria, algae, waste textiles, and papers, etc. Cellulose membranes should be well characterized in structure and transport properties and are used accordingly. 

 Original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: cellulose membrane preparation and characterization; cellulose membrane processes; modeling and simulation; operation and modules design; industrial and medical cellulose membrane applications, for example, dialysis membranes, supercapacitor membrane separators, drug capsules, cellulose scaffolds, etc.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Jinwu Wang
Dr. Lanxing Du
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cellulose
  • membrane
  • porosity
  • permeation
  • transport
  • diffusion
  • transmission
  • selectivity
  • reject

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6384 KiB  
Article
Effect of Low Concentrations of Lithium Chloride Additive on Cellulose-Rich Ultrafiltration Membrane Performance
by Anastasiia Lopatina, Mohammadamin Esmaeili, Ikenna Anugwom, Mika Mänttäri and Mari Kallioinen-Mänttäri
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020198 - 05 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1958
Abstract
Various water treatment processes make extensive use of porous polymeric membranes. A key objective in membrane fabrication is to improve membrane selectivity without sacrificing other properties such as permeability. Herein, LiCl (0–2 wt.%) was utilised as a preforming agent in fabricating biomass-derived cellulosic [...] Read more.
Various water treatment processes make extensive use of porous polymeric membranes. A key objective in membrane fabrication is to improve membrane selectivity without sacrificing other properties such as permeability. Herein, LiCl (0–2 wt.%) was utilised as a preforming agent in fabricating biomass-derived cellulosic membranes. The fabricated membranes were characterised by dope solution viscosity, surface and cross-sectional morphology, pure water flux, relative molecular mass cut-off (MWCO, 35 kDa), membrane chemistry, and hydrophilicity. The results demonstrated that at the optimum LiCl concentration (0.4 wt.%), there is an interplay of thermodynamic instability and kinetic effects during membrane formation, wherein the membrane morphology and hydrophilicity can be preferably altered and thus lead to the formation of the membrane with better rejection at no detriment to its permeability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications)
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12 pages, 1716 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Nanofiltration Membrane Modified with Sawdust-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystals for Removal of Nitrate from Drinking Water
by Amos Adeniyi, Danae Gonzalez-Ortiz, Céline Pochat-Bohatier, Sandrine Mbakop and Maurice Stephen Onyango
Membranes 2022, 12(7), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070670 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1805
Abstract
In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from sawdust were successfully incorporated into a nanofiltration membrane produced by the interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The characteristics of unmodified and CNC-modified membranes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic [...] Read more.
In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from sawdust were successfully incorporated into a nanofiltration membrane produced by the interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The characteristics of unmodified and CNC-modified membranes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), zeta potential measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. The performance of the membranes in terms of nitrate removal and water flux was investigated using 60 mg/L of potassium nitrate solution in a dead-end test cell. The characteristics of the modified membrane revealed a more nodular structure, higher roughness, increased negative surface charge, and higher hydrophilicity than the pristine membrane, leading to nitrate rejection of 94%. In addition, the membrane gave an average water flux of 7.2 ± 1.8 L/m2/h/bar. This work implies that nanofiltration, a relatively low-pressure process compared to reverse osmosis, can be used for improved nitrate removal from drinking water using an NF membrane modified with sawdust-derived cellulose nanocrystals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications)
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22 pages, 6716 KiB  
Article
Cellulose Nanocrystals Crosslinked with Sulfosuccinic Acid as Sustainable Proton Exchange Membranes for Electrochemical Energy Applications
by Olena Selyanchyn, Thomas Bayer, Dino Klotz, Roman Selyanchyn, Kazunari Sasaki and Stephen Matthew Lyth
Membranes 2022, 12(7), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070658 - 26 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3307
Abstract
Nanocellulose is a sustainable material which holds promise for many energy-related applications. Here, nanocrystalline cellulose is used to prepare proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Normally, this nanomaterial is highly dispersible in water, preventing its use as an ionomer in many electrochemical applications. To solve [...] Read more.
Nanocellulose is a sustainable material which holds promise for many energy-related applications. Here, nanocrystalline cellulose is used to prepare proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Normally, this nanomaterial is highly dispersible in water, preventing its use as an ionomer in many electrochemical applications. To solve this, we utilized a sulfonic acid crosslinker to simultaneously improve the mechanical robustness, water-stability, and proton conductivity (by introducing -SO3−H+ functional groups). The optimization of the proportion of crosslinker used and the crosslinking reaction time resulted in enhanced proton conductivity up to 15 mS/cm (in the fully hydrated state, at 120 °C). Considering the many advantages, we believe that nanocellulose can act as a sustainable and low-cost alternative to conventional, ecologically problematic, perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers for applications in, e. fuel cells and electrolyzers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications)
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14 pages, 1590 KiB  
Article
Drying Regimes on Regenerated Cellulose Films Characteristics and Properties
by Nur Ain Ibrahim, Kushairi Mohd Salleh, Ahmad Fudholi and Sarani Zakaria
Membranes 2022, 12(5), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12050445 - 20 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2225
Abstract
Abundant water content and its interaction with cellulose macromolecules through hydrogen bonding engenders a complex drying process, the circumstances of which have not yet been unveiled. For instance, excessive drying on regenerated cellulose membranes (RCM) causes cracking and severe shrinking, affecting the produced [...] Read more.
Abundant water content and its interaction with cellulose macromolecules through hydrogen bonding engenders a complex drying process, the circumstances of which have not yet been unveiled. For instance, excessive drying on regenerated cellulose membranes (RCM) causes cracking and severe shrinking, affecting the produced regenerated cellulose film (RCF). Thus, mathematical models in estimating the drying kinetics and required energy to dry RCM are necessary. This study evaluated two drying techniques of oven drying and infrared (IR) drying on RCM at different temperatures of 50–80 °C. Five mathematical models were used, namely Newton, Page, Handreson–Pabis, logarithmic, and Wang–Singh, to adjust the obtained experimental data and were statistically validated using ANOVA to review their effect on the quality of the produced RCF. A logarithmic model and a Wang–Singh model were the best models for oven drying and IR drying of RCM, respectively. It was found that the physical property of the RCF was similar to all drying types. Meanwhile, for mechanical properties, the high temperature of oven drying affected the tensile properties of RCF compared with IR drying. This study is beneficial by approximating the drying kinetics of RCM and defining appropriate drying conditions, which controls the quality of its predictive physical and mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellulose Membranes: From Synthesis to Applications)
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