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10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational...
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10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research

A special issue of Medical Sciences (ISSN 2076-3271).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 9645

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Antoni Torres

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institut D investigacions August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: respiratory disease; lung infections; pulmonology; antibiotic-resistant pathogens; community-acquired respiratory infections; noninvasive ventilation; artificial ventilation; patient critical care
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The year 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of the journal Medical Sciences (ISSN 2076-3271). To celebrate this significant occasion, a Special Issue entitled “10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences—Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research” has been launched. As the Editor-in-Chief of Medical Sciences, I am pleased to invite you to submit high-quality and relevant manuscripts on your research activities to this Special Issue. The topics of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Clinical medicine;
  • Epidemiologic studies;
  • Health improvement strategies;
  • Laboratory and animal investigation;
  • Pathogenesis of disease;
  • Pharmacology;
  • Translational research.

Prof. Dr. Antoni Torres
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medical Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1009 KiB  
Communication
Identifying Activities from an Intervention to Promote Sleep in Hospitalised Patients Using the Focus Mapping Technique
by Manuel Armayones Ruiz, Noemí Robles, Iolanda Graupera Diez, Raimon Camps Salat, Joan Escarrabill Sanglas and Elena Salas Marco
Med. Sci. 2023, 11(2), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11020039 - 26 May 2023
Viewed by 1292
Abstract
Background: Sleep is an essential element for patients’ recovery during a period of hospitalisation. Hospital Clínic de Barcelona has developed the ClíNit project to promote patients’ sleep by identifying elements that affect the quality of sleep and implementing actions to improve rest at [...] Read more.
Background: Sleep is an essential element for patients’ recovery during a period of hospitalisation. Hospital Clínic de Barcelona has developed the ClíNit project to promote patients’ sleep by identifying elements that affect the quality of sleep and implementing actions to improve rest at night. Objective: Our aim is to select actions to improve sleep quality. Methods: The study population included night-shift nurses from two clinical units where the pilot actions were to be carried out (n: 14). The nurses prioritised actions to improve sleep quality using the methodology proposed by Fogg: clarification, magic wand, crispification, and the focus-mapping technique. Results: Two sessions were organised for each unit and 32 actions considered high impact and easy to implement were proposed, of which 43.75% (14/32) were directly dependent on nurses. It was then agreed to implement four of these pilot studies. Conclusions: One aspect worth highlighting is that using prioritization techniques such as the Fogg technique is a good strategy to implement the general objectives of intervention programmes in large organizations in an easy way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research)
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Review

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28 pages, 3256 KiB  
Review
The Current State of Extracellular Matrix Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease
by Khaled Hamsho, Mark Broadwin, Christopher R. Stone, Frank W. Sellke and M. Ruhul Abid
Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010008 - 29 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1557
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, acellular network of diverse structural and nonstructural proteins embedded within a gel-like ground substance composed of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. The ECM serves numerous roles that vary according to the tissue in which it is situated. In [...] Read more.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, acellular network of diverse structural and nonstructural proteins embedded within a gel-like ground substance composed of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. The ECM serves numerous roles that vary according to the tissue in which it is situated. In the myocardium, the ECM acts as a collagen-based scaffold that mediates the transmission of contractile signals, provides means for paracrine signaling, and maintains nutritional and immunologic homeostasis. Given this spectrum, it is unsurprising that both the composition and role of the ECM has been found to be modulated in the context of cardiac pathology. Myocardial infarction (MI) provides a familiar example of this; the ECM changes in a way that is characteristic of the progressive phases of post-infarction healing. In recent years, this involvement in infarct pathophysiology has prompted a search for therapeutic targets: if ECM components facilitate healing, then their manipulation may accelerate recovery, or even reverse pre-existing damage. This possibility has been the subject of numerous efforts involving the integration of ECM-based therapies, either derived directly from biologic sources or bioengineered sources, into models of myocardial disease. In this paper, we provide a thorough review of the published literature on the use of the ECM as a novel therapy for ischemic heart disease, with a focus on biologically derived models, of both the whole ECM and the components thereof. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research)
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12 pages, 4370 KiB  
Review
Leukodystrophy Imaging: Insights for Diagnostic Dilemmas
by Rajvi N. Thakkar, Drashti Patel, Ivelina P. Kioutchoukova, Raja Al-Bahou, Pranith Reddy, Devon T. Foster and Brandon Lucke-Wold
Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010007 - 25 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1625
Abstract
Leukodystrophies, a group of rare demyelinating disorders, mainly affect the CNS. Clinical presentation of different types of leukodystrophies can be nonspecific, and thus, imaging techniques like MRI can be used for a more definitive diagnosis. These diseases are characterized as cerebral lesions with [...] Read more.
Leukodystrophies, a group of rare demyelinating disorders, mainly affect the CNS. Clinical presentation of different types of leukodystrophies can be nonspecific, and thus, imaging techniques like MRI can be used for a more definitive diagnosis. These diseases are characterized as cerebral lesions with characteristic demyelinating patterns which can be used as differentiating tools. In this review, we talk about these MRI study findings for each leukodystrophy, associated genetics, blood work that can help in differentiation, emerging diagnostics, and a follow-up imaging strategy. The leukodystrophies discussed in this paper include X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, metachromatic leukodystrophy, Krabbe’s disease, Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease, Alexander’s disease, Canavan disease, and Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research)
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21 pages, 3478 KiB  
Review
Extracellular Vesicles’ Role in Angiogenesis and Altering Angiogenic Signaling
by Maryam Ateeq, Mark Broadwin, Frank W. Sellke and M. Ruhul Abid
Med. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci12010004 - 03 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessels formation from existing vasculature, plays a vital role in development, wound healing, and various pathophysiological conditions. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication and have gained significant attention for [...] Read more.
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessels formation from existing vasculature, plays a vital role in development, wound healing, and various pathophysiological conditions. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication and have gained significant attention for their role in modulating angiogenic processes. This review explores the multifaceted role of EVs in angiogenesis and their capacity to modulate angiogenic signaling pathways. Through comprehensive analysis of a vast body of literature, this review highlights the potential of utilizing EVs as therapeutic tools to modulate angiogenesis for both physiological and pathological purposes. A good understanding of these concepts holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting angiogenesis-related disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research)
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23 pages, 1894 KiB  
Review
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Major Orthopedic Surgeries and Factor XIa Inhibitors
by Aaryana Jones and Rami A. Al-Horani
Med. Sci. 2023, 11(3), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11030049 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2901
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), poses a significant risk during and after hospitalization, particularly for surgical patients. Among various patient groups, those undergoing major orthopedic surgeries are considered to have a higher susceptibility to PE and [...] Read more.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), poses a significant risk during and after hospitalization, particularly for surgical patients. Among various patient groups, those undergoing major orthopedic surgeries are considered to have a higher susceptibility to PE and DVT. Major lower-extremity orthopedic procedures carry a higher risk of symptomatic VTE compared to most other surgeries, with an estimated incidence of ~4%. The greatest risk period occurs within the first 7–14 days following surgery. Major bleeding is also more prevalent in these surgeries compared to others, with rates estimated between 2% and 4%. For patients undergoing major lower-extremity orthopedic surgery who have a low bleeding risk, it is recommended to use pharmacological thromboprophylaxis with or without mechanical devices. The choice of the initial agent depends on the specific surgery and patient comorbidities. First-line options include low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), direct oral anticoagulants, and aspirin. Second-line options consist of unfractionated heparin (UFH), fondaparinux, and warfarin. For most patients undergoing knee or hip arthroplasty, the initial agents recommended for the early perioperative period are LMWHs (enoxaparin or dalteparin) or direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban or apixaban). In the case of hip fracture surgery, LMWH is recommended as the preferred agent for the entire duration of prophylaxis. However, emerging factor XI(a) inhibitors, as revealed by a recent meta-analysis, have shown a substantial decrease in the occurrence of VTE and bleeding events among patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery. This discovery poses a challenge to the existing paradigm of anticoagulant therapy in this specific patient population and indicates that factor XI(a) inhibitors hold great promise as a potential strategy to be taken into serious consideration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Medical Sciences — Advances in Basic, Translational and Clinical Research)
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