Research

11 pages, 1739 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ceramic versus Composite Resin Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Milled Leucite-Reinforced Ceramics

by Carlos A. Jurado, Saad Alresayes, Silvia Rojas-Rueda, Ali Alqahtani, Akimasa Tsujimoto, Nicholas G. Fischer and Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar

Medicina 2023, 59(6), 1048; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59061048 - 29 May 2023

Viewed by 1278

Abstract

Background and Objective: This study aimed to compare the surface finish of milled leucite-reinforced ceramics polished with ceramic and composite polishing systems based on the manufacturers’ recommendations. Materials and Methods: Sixty subtractive computer-aided manufactured (s-CAM) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic specimens (IPS-Empress-CAD) were assigned into six [...] Read more.

Background and Objective: This study aimed to compare the surface finish of milled leucite-reinforced ceramics polished with ceramic and composite polishing systems based on the manufacturers’ recommendations. Materials and Methods: Sixty subtractive computer-aided manufactured (s-CAM) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic specimens (IPS-Empress-CAD) were assigned into six groups: no polishing, a ceramic polishing kit, and four composite kit groups. The roughness average (Ra) was evaluated in microns using a profilometer, and scanning electron micrographs were obtained for qualitative analysis. A Tukey HSD posthoc test (α = 0.05) was used to determine significant intergroup differences. Results: After surface evaluation of the ceramics, the Ra values of the polishing systems ranked OptraFine (0.41 ± 0.26) < Enhance (1.60 ± 0.54) < Shofu (2.14 ± 0.44) < Astropol (4.05 ± 0.72) < DiaComp (5.66 ± 0.62) < No Polishing (5.66 ± 0.74). Discussion: Composite polishing systems did not provide as smooth surfaces as the ceramic polishing kit for CAD-CAM leucite-reinforced ceramics. Thus, using ceramic polishing systems, polishing leucite ceramics is recommended, whereas composite polishing systems should not be considered as an alternative for use in minimally invasive dentistry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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19 pages, 805 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perception of Minimum Interventional Dentistry among Dental Undergraduate Students and Interns

by Manal M. Abdelhafeez, Fatima M. Alharbi, Swati Srivastava, Elzahraa Eldwakhly, Selma A. Saadaldin and Mai Soliman

Medicina 2023, 59(4), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040649 - 24 Mar 2023

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Abstract

Background: The philosophy of minimum interventional dentistry (MID) is to integrate prevention, remineralization, and minimal intervention for the placement and replacement of restorations. All branches of dentistry play an important role in practicing MID, and their primary goal is to realize that [...] Read more.

Background: The philosophy of minimum interventional dentistry (MID) is to integrate prevention, remineralization, and minimal intervention for the placement and replacement of restorations. All branches of dentistry play an important role in practicing MID, and their primary goal is to realize that any restoration is of less biological significance than the healthy original tissue Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the perception of MID among dental undergraduate students and interns in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice at the College of Dentistry. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students and interns at the College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed, which included basic demographic profiles and questions about the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward MID. The data were tabulated in MS Excel, and all statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 163 dental students were recruited, with senior students comprising 73% and interns comprising 27%. Male students were slightly more prevalent (50.9%) than female students (49.1%). About 37.6% of participants received training about MID during educational courses, while 10.3% received it during their internship. A statistical test revealed that the prevalence of interns who were trained in performing MID was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The majority of the participants demonstrated proper knowledge, attitude, and practice in different aspects of MID. Interns reported a higher rate of knowledge, attitude, and practice in MID compared to undergraduate students. However, more education and hands-on training about MID concepts during the college curriculum are necessary to attain better knowledge, attitude, and practices that could be useful for more conservative clinical practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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10 pages, 293 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Attitude and Knowledge of Endodontic, Pedodontic and SBARD Residents in Saudi Arabia toward Regenerative Endodontics—A National Survey

by Ali A. Assiry, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Niher Tabassum Snigdha, Roshan Noor Mohamed, Syed Nahid Basheer and Mohammed Zameer

Medicina 2022, 58(4), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58040545 - 14 Apr 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2120

Abstract

Background and Objectives: There are no guidelines on the regenerative endodontic procedures that should be followed in dental treatment. Thus, it is essential to learn the knowledge, attitudes, and opinions about regenerative endodontics among dental practitioners, particularly endodontists, as they are the [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: There are no guidelines on the regenerative endodontic procedures that should be followed in dental treatment. Thus, it is essential to learn the knowledge, attitudes, and opinions about regenerative endodontics among dental practitioners, particularly endodontists, as they are the first providers of this type of dental treatment. Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes among residents of the Saudi Board of Advanced Restorative Dentistry (SBARD) in Saudi Arabia. Methods & Materials: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 128 residents of endodontics, pedodontics, and the SBARD in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was distributed to participants using the available electronic measures such as emails and social media. The questionnaire was made by Google Forms, and responses were received directly in the excel sheet in the email. The data were exported as an excel file, coded, and analyzed, and the p-value < 0.05 was set as significant. Results: More than 50% (74 dentists) of the participants reported receiving continuing education in regenerative treatment, with a significant difference found among specialty (p = 0.023). No significant association was found between knowledge, gender, and type of postgraduate study. The vast majority (89.1%) of the participants believed regenerative endodontics should be incorporated into dentistry curricula. About two-thirds (78.2%) of the participants declared their ability to attend future training courses in a regenerative endodontic, whereas 10.9% did not, and 10.9% were unsure. Conclusions: The dental practitioners were enthusiastic and interested in regenerative and stem cell treatment. The results also suggested incorporating regenerative treatment into the dental curriculum and signaled the need for more continued training courses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

11 pages, 949 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Implantoplasty Improves Clinical Parameters over a 2-Year Follow-Up: A Case Series

by Orlando Martins, Philipp Sahrmann, João Ramos, Francisco Caramelo, Sérgio Matos and Isabel Poiares Baptista

Medicina 2022, 58(1), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010113 - 12 Jan 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2295

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Peri-implantitis treatment is still undefined. Regenerative treatment is expensive and technically demanding due to the need to handle biomaterials, membranes and different methodologies of decontamination. Resective treatment and implantoplasty might be a viable solution. This case series presents a [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Peri-implantitis treatment is still undefined. Regenerative treatment is expensive and technically demanding due to the need to handle biomaterials, membranes and different methodologies of decontamination. Resective treatment and implantoplasty might be a viable solution. This case series presents a 24 month retrospective observational study of 10 peri-implantitis patients treated with implantoplasty. Materials and Methods: In the present case series, 10 peri-implantitis patients (20 implants) were treated with a resective approach and implantoplasty. Previous to implantoplasty, all patients underwent non-surgical treatment. This surgery consisted in a full-thickness flap and implant surface exposure. The exposed non-osseointegrated implant body was submitted to implantoplasty. The flap was apically repositioned and sutured. Patients were accompanied for 24 months. Results: The mean initial probing depth (PD) (PD = 5.37 ± 0.86 mm), bleeding on probing (BoP = 0.12 ± 0.06%) and suppuration (Sup = 0.01 ± 0.01%) decreased significantly at the 12 month evaluation (PD = 2.90 ± 0.39 mm; BoP = 0.01 ± 0.01% and Sup = 0.00 ± 0.00%). Between the 12 and 24 month evaluations, there were no significant clinical changes (PD = 2.85 ± 0.45 mm; BoP = 0.01 ± 0.01% and Sup = 0.00 ± 0.00%). Mucosal recession (MR) had a significant increase between the baseline and the first 12 months (0.69 ± 0.99 mm vs. 1.96 ± 1.33 mm), but there were no significant changes between the 12th and 24th month (1.94 ± 1.48 mm). The success rate was 100% without implant fracture or loss. Conclusions: Resective surgery and implantoplasty might be a valid option in some specific peri-implantitis cases. Properly designed clinical trials are needed to confirm this possibility. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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17 pages, 13299 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Pulp Stones: Morphological Analysis in Scanning Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopic Chemical Quantification

by Aleksandra Palatyńska-Ulatowska, Marcos Cook Fernandes, Krystyna Pietrzycka, Agata Koprowicz, Leszek Klimek, Ronaldo Araújo Souza, Marieli Pradebon and José Antonio Poli de Figueiredo

Medicina 2022, 58(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010005 - 21 Dec 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 10238

Abstract

Background and objectives: Pulp stones are hard tissue structures formed in the pulp of permanent and deciduous teeth. Few studies have evaluated their morphology and chemical composition. However, their formation, composition, configuration and role played in overall health status are still unclear. Clinically, [...] Read more.

Background and objectives: Pulp stones are hard tissue structures formed in the pulp of permanent and deciduous teeth. Few studies have evaluated their morphology and chemical composition. However, their formation, composition, configuration and role played in overall health status are still unclear. Clinically, they may be symptomatic; technically, they impede access during endodontic therapy, increasing the risk of treatment errors. Thus, this study aimed to morphologically analyze pulp stones and present their chemical quantification, identifying their main chemical elements. It also correlates the results with their possible induction mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Seven pulp nodules were collected from molar teeth needing endodontic treatment. The morphology of the stones was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their chemical composition was determined by X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDX). Results: These structures varied considerably in shape, size and topography. The site of the stones in the pulp cavity was the factor that most affected the morphology. The majority of the stones found in the pulp chambers presented nodular morphology, while those in the root canals presented a diffuse shape, resembling root canal anatomy. The topography of the nodules showed heterogeneous relief, revealing smooth and compact areas contrasting with the rugged and porous ones. The chemical composition varied depending on the location of the nodule in the pulp cavity and the relief of the analyzed area. Radicular stones presented considerably lower calcium and phosphorus content than coronary nodules. Conclusions: The high cellularity rate of the coronal pulp predisposes this region to nodular mineralizations around injured cells. The presence of larger caliber vascular bundles and higher collagen fiber content in radicular pulp determines a diffuse morphological pattern in this region. Understanding the morphology and chemical composition of the pulp stones allows future translational pathways towards the prevention or treatment of such conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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Review

Jump to: Research, Other

14 pages, 787 KiB

Open AccessReview

Impact of Periodontal Attachment Loss on the Outcome of Endodontic Microsurgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Margarida Sarnadas, Joana A. Marques, Isabel Poiares Baptista and João Miguel Santos

Medicina 2021, 57(9), 922; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090922 - 01 Sep 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3554

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Endodontic microsurgery (EMS) aims to eradicate the sources of infection once the apical root resection removes most of the infected anatomical structures and repairs potential procedural errors in the apical region. An endodontic-periodontal lesion yields a pathological communication between [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Endodontic microsurgery (EMS) aims to eradicate the sources of infection once the apical root resection removes most of the infected anatomical structures and repairs potential procedural errors in the apical region. An endodontic-periodontal lesion yields a pathological communication between the pulp and the periodontium. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of periodontal attachment loss on the outcome of teeth submitted to EMS. Materials and Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed. An electronic search was performed in EBSCOhost, Embase and PubMed databases with the following search key: (“endodontic microsurgery” AND “outcome”). No filters were used concerning the year of publication or language. Only randomized clinical trials, prospective and retrospective clinical studies in humans, with a minimum one-year follow-up, defined clinical and radiographic outcome criteria and estimable success rate for endodontic-periodontal lesion were included. Statistical analysis was performed using OpenMeta[Analyst] software. Results: Of a total of 113 articles, 34 were selected for full-text reading after duplicates deletion and title and abstract analysis. Thirteen and six studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. A total of 2775 pooled teeth were submitted to EMS, of which 492 teeth and 4 roots had periodontal involvement. According to the qualitative analysis, success rates of the endodontic-periodontal group ranged from 67.6% to 88.2%. Meta-analysis revealed that the absence of periodontal attachment loss was predictive of a higher likelihood of success with an odds ratio of 3.14. Conclusions: Periodontal attachment loss presents a risk factor for EMS outcome. Although endodontic-periodontal lesions were associated with lower success rates considering a 1 to 10 years follow-up period, long-term successful prognosis following EMS has been reported, therefore presenting a fully valid and viable therapeutic option for the management of this type of lesions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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14 pages, 1667 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Vital Pulp Therapy in Permanent Mature Posterior Teeth with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review of Treatment Outcomes

by João Miguel Santos, Joana F. Pereira, Andréa Marques, Diana B. Sequeira and Shimon Friedman

Medicina 2021, 57(6), 573; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57060573 - 03 Jun 2021

Cited by 44 | Viewed by 11267

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in permanent mature teeth is a common indication for nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT), but contemporary studies have reported on vital pulp therapy (VPT) applied in such teeth as a less invasive treatment. This systematic review [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in permanent mature teeth is a common indication for nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT), but contemporary studies have reported on vital pulp therapy (VPT) applied in such teeth as a less invasive treatment. This systematic review assessed the outcomes of VPT, including partial and full pulpotomy performed with hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) in permanent mature posterior teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The search strategy included PubMed^®, EMBASE, Cochrane library and grey literature electronic databases. The quality assessment of the identified studies followed the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias, ROBINS-I and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale tools. Results: The search of primary databases identified 142 articles, of which 9 randomized controlled trials and 3 prospective cohort studies were selected for review. The risk-of-bias was assessed as ‘high’ or ‘serious’, ‘fair’, and ‘low’ for three, seven and two articles, respectively. One to five years after VPT using HCSCs, the success rates mostly ranged from 78 to 90%. Based on two articles, the outcomes of the VPT and NSRCT were comparable at one and five years. Despite the necessity for the intra-operative pulp assessment in VPT procedures, the majority of the studies did not fully report on this step or on the time needed to achieve hemostasis. Small sample sizes, of under 23 teeth, were reported in three studies. Conclusions: The reviewed 12 articles reported favorable outcomes of the VPT performed with HCSCs in permanent mature posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, with radiographic success in the range of 81 to 90%. Two articles suggested comparable outcomes of the VPT and root canal treatment. Universal case selection and outcome criteria needs to be established for VPT when considered as an alternative to NSRCT. This evidence supports the need for further research comparing longer-term outcomes of both of the treatment modalities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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Other

Jump to: Research, Review

12 pages, 2013 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Low-Level Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Oral Mucositis Induced by Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

by Rocco Franco, Ettore Lupi, Enzo Iacomino, Angela Galeotti, Mario Capogreco, João Miguel Marques Santos and Maurizio D’Amario

Medicina 2023, 59(8), 1413; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081413 - 03 Aug 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1931

Abstract

Oral mucositis is a common and debilitating side effect induced by stem cell transplantation that is experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy. This condition involves inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa, leading to pain, difficulty with eating and speaking, [...] Read more.

Oral mucositis is a common and debilitating side effect induced by stem cell transplantation that is experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy. This condition involves inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa, leading to pain, difficulty with eating and speaking, and an increased risk of infections. Mucositis not only compromises the quality of life for cancer patients, but also affects treatment outcomes and may necessitate dose reductions or treatment delays. This scientific article provides a comprehensive overview of mucositis. The purpose of this literature review with a meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy in treating post-transplant mucositis. Materials and methods: A search of the literature from 3 May 2023 was carried out on three online databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only studies that treated patients with laser therapy were considered; only studies with the placebo-treated control group were considered. Review Manager version 5.2.8 (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the pooled analysis. We measured the std. mean difference between the two groups (laser and placebo). Results: There were 230 papers included in this review. Two hundred twenty-seven were excluded. Furthermore, a manual search was performed. After the search phase, three articles were considered in the study. The overall effect showed differences in the degree of mucositis in the laser-treated patients compared with the placebo group. The meta-analysis shows a reduction in the degree of mucositis in the patients treated with laser therapy (std. mean difference −1.34 [−1.98; −0.98]; C.I. 95%). Conclusions: The application of laser therapy results in decreased severity of oral mucositis from radiation and chemotherapy. Our study shows that the application of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of transplant mucositis has excellent efficacy in relieving the symptoms and severity of mucositis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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7 pages, 1425 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Harnessing the Power of PAOO and Invisalign: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Orthodontic Care

by Kayvon Javid, Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado, Pietro Montemezzi, Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira, Adam Lowenstein and Carlos Fernando Mourão

Medicina 2023, 59(5), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050987 - 20 May 2023

Viewed by 2348

Abstract

The present article explores the benefits of combining periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with Invisalign for optimal orthodontic treatment outcomes. PAOO is an interdisciplinary dental technique that minimizes complications and accelerates tooth movement while enhancing various orthodontic treatments. In conjunction with Invisalign, PAOO [...] Read more.

The present article explores the benefits of combining periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with Invisalign for optimal orthodontic treatment outcomes. PAOO is an interdisciplinary dental technique that minimizes complications and accelerates tooth movement while enhancing various orthodontic treatments. In conjunction with Invisalign, PAOO provides a discreet and comfortable solution for patients seeking to improve their smile. The study presents two challenging cases successfully treated using this combined approach, emphasizing the technique’s potential to reduce treatment times and improve orthodontic outcomes. The interdisciplinary approach of PAOO ensures long-term success and stability by preserving periodontal structures and addressing potential bony defects. By incorporating bone grafting materials, PAOO helps prevent common concerns in traditional orthodontic treatments, such as bony defects and gingival recession. Furthermore, the combination with Invisalign offers a more aesthetically pleasing and comfortable treatment experience, allowing patients to maintain their self-esteem and confidence throughout the treatment. Despite the potential advantages, dental professionals must manage patient expectations and address potential complications to ensure the best possible results. Overall, the integration of PAOO and Invisalign demonstrates a viable alternative for patients who do not want to proceed with orthognathic surgery, enhancing patient satisfaction and overall treatment outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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16 pages, 703 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials Evaluating the Efficacy of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Soft Tissue Management: Aesthetics, Postoperative Morbidity, and Clinical Results

by Carlos M. Ardila, Daniel González-Arroyave and Annie Marcela Vivares-Builes

Medicina 2023, 59(5), 924; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050924 - 11 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1497

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The necessity for less invasive and patient-friendly surgical therapies guided the development of the “minimally invasive surgical technique” (MIST). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of MIST for soft tissue management considering aesthetic results, [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: The necessity for less invasive and patient-friendly surgical therapies guided the development of the “minimally invasive surgical technique” (MIST). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of MIST for soft tissue management considering aesthetic results, postoperative morbidity, and clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: Several databases were used to conduct a thorough analysis of the scientific evidence. To investigate randomized clinical trials (RCTs), MeSH terms and keywords were provided. Results: Eleven RCTs were chosen. These experiments included 273 patients. The trials that explored MIST for papilla preservation presented greater efficacy in increasing papillary height (p < 0.05). MIST showed stable clinical outcomes for the management of excessive gingival display and with a flapless technique for single implant placement. Considering the treatment of gingival recessions, some RCTs presented greater root coverage with MIST (p < 0.05), while other trials did not show differences between groups. Regarding aesthetic perception, five RCTs indicated high patient satisfaction with MIST (p < 0.05). Similarly, six RCTs reported that patients in the MIST group presented significantly less post-surgical pain and lower wound healing scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: It was concluded that using MIST resulted in more clinical studies reporting better clinical outcomes. Considering aesthetic appearance, slightly more than half of the clinical trials also showed improved results with MIST. Likewise, regarding postoperative morbidity, 60% of the clinical trials also described better scores with MIST. All of this indicates that MIST is a good alternative for the management of soft tissues. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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10 pages, 3587 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Minimally Invasive Laminate Veneer Therapy for Maxillary Central Incisors

by Gerardo Guzman-Perez, Carlos A. Jurado, Francisco Azpiazu-Flores, Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar and Akimasa Tsujimoto

Medicina 2023, 59(3), 603; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030603 - 18 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1768

Abstract

Minimally invasive dentistry is a considered process that requires the clinician to be prepared with the ideal sequence and the tools needed. This report describes a well-planned ultraconservative approach using only two ceramic laminate veneers for the maxillary central incisors to significantly improve [...] Read more.

Minimally invasive dentistry is a considered process that requires the clinician to be prepared with the ideal sequence and the tools needed. This report describes a well-planned ultraconservative approach using only two ceramic laminate veneers for the maxillary central incisors to significantly improve the patient’s overall smile. A 30-year-old female presented with the chief complaints of having diastemas between the central and lateral incisors as well as incisal wear. Diagnostic wax-up and mock-up were performed, and the patient approved the minimally invasive treatment with veneers only for central incisors. A reduction guide aided the conservative tooth preparations, and hand-crafted feldspathic veneers were bonded under total isolation with a rubber dam. The two final conservative veneers significantly improved the smile and fulfilled the patient’s expectations. Following proper planning and sequencing, predictable outcomes were obtained and fulfilled the patient’s esthetic demands. Minimally invasive restorative dentistry with only two single veneers can impact the entire smile frame. Overtreatment in the esthetic zone is unnecessary to meet a patient’s esthetic expectations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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11 pages, 3501 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Augmented Corticotomy on the Lingual Side in Mandibular Anterior Region Assisting Orthodontics in Protrusive Malocclusion: A Case Report

by Yun Lu, Haohao Liu, Jialiang Liu and Meihua Chen

Medicina 2022, 58(9), 1181; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58091181 - 30 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3558

Abstract

Adequate alveolar bone volume is a prerequisite condition for successful orthodontic tooth movement and posttreatment stability. Mandibular anterior teeth are more likely to exhibit dehiscence and fenestration in adult patients, which make orthodontic treatment in adults challenging, especially when the amount of retraction [...] Read more.

Adequate alveolar bone volume is a prerequisite condition for successful orthodontic tooth movement and posttreatment stability. Mandibular anterior teeth are more likely to exhibit dehiscence and fenestration in adult patients, which make orthodontic treatment in adults challenging, especially when the amount of retraction of the anterior teeth is large. Herein, we report the treatment of augmented corticotomy only on the lingual side in the mandibular anterior region to increase the volume of soft and hard tissue assisting orthodontics in a Class I bialveolar protrusive malocclusion and propose management strategies of mandibular incisor retractions. A 22-year-old female with a chief complaint of protrusive mouth presented to the Department of Orthodontics for orthodontic treatment, diagnosed with Class I bialveolar protrusive. The orthodontic treatment plan involved the extraction of four premolars and extensive retraction of the anterior teeth using microimplant anchorage. In consideration of the fenestration and dehiscence in the mandibular anterior alveolar bone and the pattern of tooth movement, augmented corticotomy was performed on the lingual side combined with bone grafting. Clinical and radiographic evaluation after treatment revealed significant improvements in the facial profile and in periodontal phenotype. Augmented corticotomy assisting orthodontic treatment could be a promising treatment strategy for adult patients with alveolar protrusion to maintain periodontal health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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9 pages, 5403 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Combined Application of Virtual Simulation Technology and 3-Dimensional-Printed Computer-Aided Rapid Prototyping in Autotransplantation of a Mature Third Molar

by Hui Zhang, Min Cai, Zhiguo Liu, He Liu, Ya Shen and Xiangya Huang

Medicina 2022, 58(7), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070953 - 19 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2131

Abstract

The use of computer-aided rapid prototyping (CARP) models was considered to reduce surgical trauma and improve outcomes when autotransplantation of teeth (ATT) became a viable alternative for dental rehabilitation. However, ATT is considered technique-sensitive due to its series of complicated surgical procedures and [...] Read more.

The use of computer-aided rapid prototyping (CARP) models was considered to reduce surgical trauma and improve outcomes when autotransplantation of teeth (ATT) became a viable alternative for dental rehabilitation. However, ATT is considered technique-sensitive due to its series of complicated surgical procedures and unfavorable outcomes in complex cases. This study reported a novel autotransplantation technique of a 28-year-old patient with an unrestorable lower first molar (#36) with double roots. Regardless of a large shape deviation, a lower third molar (#38) with a completely single root formation was used as the donor tooth. ATT was performed with a combined use of virtual simulation, CARP model-based rehearsed surgery, and tooth replica-guided surgery. A 3D virtual model of the donor and recipient site was generated from cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) radiographs prior to surgery for direct virtual superimposition simulation and CARP model fabrication. The virtual simulation indicated that it was necessary to retain cervical alveolar bone during the surgical socket preparation, and an intensive surgical rehearsal was performed on the CARP models. The donor tooth replica was used during the procedure to guide precise socket preparation and avoid periodontal ligament injury. Without an additional fitting trial and extra-alveolar storage, the donor tooth settled naturally into the recipient socket within 30 s. The transplanted tooth showed excellent stability and received routine root canal treatment three weeks post-surgery, and the one-year follow-up examination verified the PDL healing outcome and normal functioning. Patient was satisfied with the transplanted tooth. This cutting-edge technology combines virtual simulation, digital surgery planning, and guided surgery implementation to ensure predictable and minimally invasive therapy in complex cases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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18 pages, 1313 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Management of Pulp Canal Obliteration—Systematic Review of Case Reports

by Alexandra Vinagre, Catarina Castanheira, Ana Messias, Paulo J. Palma and João C. Ramos

Medicina 2021, 57(11), 1237; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57111237 - 12 Nov 2021

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5733

Abstract

Background and Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess the literature focusing on the clinical management of traumatized teeth with Pulp Canal Obliteration (PCO) and propose an updated clinical decision-making algorithm. The present review follows the PRISMA guidelines and was registered on [...] Read more.

Background and Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess the literature focusing on the clinical management of traumatized teeth with Pulp Canal Obliteration (PCO) and propose an updated clinical decision-making algorithm. The present review follows the PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO database (CRD42020200656). Materials and Methods: An electronic search strategy was performed in Pubmed, EBSCOhost and LILACS from inception to March 2021. Only anterior permanent teeth with PCO due to dental trauma were included. Regarding clinical approaches, only teeth managed with a “watchful waiting” approach, tooth bleaching or root canal treatment (RCT) were included. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for Case Reports. Results: Twenty case reports were selected, resulting in a total of 27 patients. The number of traumatized teeth diagnosed with PCO was 33. The “watchful waiting” approach was the most implemented clinical strategy. Discolored non-symptomatic PCO teeth were mostly managed with external bleaching. The prevalence of pulp necrosis (PN) was 36.4%. For teeth diagnosed with PN, non-surgical RCT was performed in 10 teeth and surgical RCT in one tooth. Guided endodontic technique was performed in six of those teeth. Conclusions: For discolored non-symptomatic PCO teeth, external bleaching is advocated and the RCT approach should not be implemented as a preventive intervention strategy. Symptomatic PCO teeth should follow regular endodontic treatment pathways. Clinical approach of teeth with PCO should follow a decision-making algorithm incorporating clinical and radiographic signs and patient-reported symptoms. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Outcome of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Dentistry)

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