The Management and Treatment of Infectious Diseases in Comorbidity with Tuberculosis

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 June 2023) | Viewed by 5900

Special Issue Editors

1. ICAP, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
2. School of Health Systems & Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
Interests: infectious diseases; epidemiology; health systems; health policy; limited resource settings
1. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
2. Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda
Interests: infectious diseases; clinical microbiology; tuberculosis; hepatitis
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
Interests: pharmaceutical sciences; health sciences; drug discovery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem globally. Prior to COVID-19, TB was the main cause of infectious disease deaths worldwide. In the regions of the world where TB is endemic, comorbidity between TB and other infectious diseases is very common. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malaria, toxoplasmosis, sexually transmitted infections, viral hepatitis, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, and pneumonia are a few examples of infectious diseases that can exist concurrently with TB. This makes the management and treatment of infectious diseases in comorbidity with TB an important research area. For instance, research has shown that the concurrent use of rifampicin, the main drug used to treat TB and several antiretroviral drugs, is complicated by pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions.

This Special Issue, “The Management and Treatment of Infectious Diseases in Comorbidity with Tuberculosis”, will include viewpoints, reviews and primary research studies focusing on the management and treatment of infectious diseases in comorbidity with TB. Specifically, manuscripts falling under the themes of: interrelated pathophysiology; epidemiology (systematic review, meta-analysis, cross-sectional studies, retrospective/prospective studies, etc.); clinical manifestations and diagnosis; overlapping toxicity; pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions; drug supply; monitoring and evaluation; and national surveillance will be considered. Research from low-to-middle-income countries and resource-limited settings, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, are strongly encouraged.

Dr. Tafadzwa Dzinamarira
Prof. Dr. Claude Mambo Muvunyi
Dr. Mohd Imran
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • tuberculosis
  • infectious diseases
  • epidemiology
  • management
  • treatment
  • medicine

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 227 KiB  
Editorial
The Management of Infectious Diseases in Comorbidity with Tuberculosis
by Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Mohd Imran and Claude Mambo Muvunyi
Medicina 2022, 58(10), 1406; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58101406 - 07 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1353
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) infection is instigated by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) [...] Full article

Review

Jump to: Editorial

16 pages, 2567 KiB  
Review
Highlights on the Development, Related Patents, and Prospects of Lenacapavir: The First-in-Class HIV-1 Capsid Inhibitor for the Treatment of Multi-Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Infection
by Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani, Abdulelah Aljuaid, Abdulaziz Alsharif, Abida Khan, Mehnaz Kamal, Ali A. Rabaan, Amal H. Alfaraj, Bashayer M. AlShehail, Nouf Alotaibi, Shams M. AlShehail and Mohd Imran
Medicina 2023, 59(6), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59061041 - 28 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3744
Abstract
The multidrug-resistant (MDR) human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection is an unmet medical need. HIV-1 capsid plays an important role at different stages of the HIV-1 replication cycle and is an attractive drug target for developing therapies against MDR HIV-1 infection. Lenacapavir (LEN) [...] Read more.
The multidrug-resistant (MDR) human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection is an unmet medical need. HIV-1 capsid plays an important role at different stages of the HIV-1 replication cycle and is an attractive drug target for developing therapies against MDR HIV-1 infection. Lenacapavir (LEN) is the first-in-class HIV-1 capsid inhibitor approved by the USFDA, EMA, and Health Canada for treating MDR HIV-1 infection. This article highlights the development, pharmaceutical aspects, clinical studies, patent literature, and future directions on LEN-based therapies. The literature for this review was collected from PubMed, authentic websites (USFDA, EMA, Health Canada, Gilead, and NIH), and the free patent database (Espacenet, USPTO, and Patent scope). LEN has been developed by Gilead and is marketed as Sunlenca (tablet and subcutaneous injection). The long-acting and patient-compliant LEN demonstrated a low level of drug-related mutations, is active against MDR HIV-1 infection, and does not reveal cross-resistance to other anti-HIV drugs. LEN is also an excellent drug for patients having difficult or limited access to healthcare facilities. The literature has established additive/synergistic effects of combining LEN with rilpivirine, cabotegravir, islatravir, bictegravir, and tenofovir. HIV-1 infection may be accompanied by opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). The associated diseases make HIV treatment complex and warrant drug interaction studies (drug–drug, drug–food, and drug–disease interaction). Many inventions on different aspects of LEN have been claimed in patent literature. However, there is a great scope for developing more inventions related to the drug combination of LEN with anti-HIV/anti-TB drugs in a single dosage form, new formulations, and methods of treating HIV and TB co-infection. Additional research may provide more LEN-based treatments with favorable pharmacokinetic parameters for MDR HIV-1 infections and associated opportunistic infections such as TB. Full article
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