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Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd)

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 11954

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alexander Zhilyaev

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Guest Editor

1. Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450001 Ufa, Russia
2. Laboratory of Mechanics of Gradient Nanomaterials, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, 455000 Magnitogorsk, Russia
Interests: gradient, bimodal and heterogeneous metallic nanomaterials of enhanced strength and ductility for advanced structural applications processed by asymmetric (cryo-) rolling; advanced manufacturing including metallic 3D printing; microstructure and properties gradient nanomaterials processed by high pressure torsion (HPT) including diffusion bonding of different metals and alloys; microstructure and mechanical properties in bulk nanomaterials processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), high pressure torsion, asymmetric rolling, electrodeposition, ball milling (BM) and friction stir processing (FSP); application of ECAP and HPT for cold compaction of BM powders and rapidly quenched amorphous ribbons for magnetic applications and hydrogen storage; novel approach to metals microstructure modification by means of asymmetric rolling and friction stir processing: assessment and optimization; ng of severe plastic deformation (SPD) for developing novel materials for biomedical application (improved mechanical properties and enhanced biocompability)

Prof. Dr. Jose Maria Cabrera

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Guest Editor

Department of Materials Science and Engineering EEBE, Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, c/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: plastic deformation behavior of metals; mainly at high temperature; ultrafine structures and nano-grained metallic materials; severe plastic deformation processes; equal-channel angular pressing and mechanical alloying
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The last 2–3 decades were the period of creation of ultrafine-grained (UFG) or even nanostructured metals and alloys by methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD). On this path, researchers have achieved a tremendous success: new materials with ultrafine-grained and nano structure have shown not only improved mechanical properties due to their fine grain structure, but also improved functional properties. The greatest successes were achieved for metals and alloys using classical or traditional SPD methods: equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT). Approximately 15 years ago, the mission was to industrialize these methods to obtain bulk nanostructured materials. This turned out to be not an easy task and could not be completed. In parallel, the researchers tried to develop other (alternative) methods of severe plastic deformation, different from the traditional SPD methods, to obtain bulk materials with UFG or nano structure. More than two dozen of such methods are available today and allow to obtain structure and properties of metals and alloys, which are close to those achieved by ECAP or HPT. The advantage of new methods is that they can be easily implemented at the industrial level. In contrast to ECAP or HPT materials, the data on the microstructure and properties of metals and alloys obtained by non-conventional SPD methods are poorly systematized. This Special Issue proposes to correct this deficiency and will consist of reports on the microstructure and properties (mechanical and functional) of metallic materials obtained by non-traditional methods of SPD. Special attention will be paid to asymmetric rolling methods and continuous close-die forging. These two methods have been developed in a way that can be easily scaled up to an industrial level.

The Guest Editors invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Alexander Zhilyaev
Prof. Jose Maria Cabrera
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

Severe plastic deformation
continuous close-die forging
asymmetric rolling
gradient nanostructure
mechanical and functional properties

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2678 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Equal Channel Angular Pressing on Mechanical Behavior and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Rolled Ti-2Fe-0.1B Alloy

by Yanhuai Wang, Xin Li, I. V. Alexandrov, Li Ma, Yuecheng Dong, R. Z. Valiev, Hui Chang, Biao Zhang, Yuyang Wang, Lian Zhou and Zhiwei Hu

Materials 2020, 13(22), 5117; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13225117 - 13 Nov 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1721

Abstract

In the present study, the unique bimodal grain size distribution microstructure with the ultrafine substrate and embedded macro grains was fabricated by a traditional hot-rolling process in a novel low-cost Ti-2Fe-0.1B titanium alloy, which possesses a good combination of strength (around 663 MPa) and ductility (around 30%) without any post heat treatment. Meanwhile, the mechanical behavior and corrosion resistance of hot-rolled Ti-2Fe-0.1B alloy after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) deformation were studied. Results indicated that the average grain size decreased to 0.24 μm after 4 passes ECAP deformation, which led to the enhancement of tensile strength to around 854 MPa and good ductility to around 15%. In addition, corrosion resistance was also improved after ECAP due to the rapid self-repairing and thicker passivation film. Our study revealed that the novel low-cost titanium alloy after hot-rolling and ECAP could be used instead of Ti-6Al-4V in some industrial applications due to similar mechanical behavior and better corrosion resistance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd))

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13 pages, 2710 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Processing Route on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Single-Roll Angular-Rolling

by Hak Hyeon Lee, Kyo Jun Hwang, Hyung Keun Park and Hyoung Seop Kim

Materials 2020, 13(11), 2471; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112471 - 28 May 2020

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1997

Abstract

This paper reports the effect of the processing route on the microstructure and mechanical properties in the pure copper sheets processed by single-roll angular-rolling (SRAR). The SRAR process was repeated up to six passes in two processing routes, called routes A and C in equal-channel angular pressing. As the number of passes increased, the heterogeneous evolution of hardness and microstructural heterogeneities between the core and surface regions gradually became intensified in both processing routes. In particular, route A exhibited more prominent partial grain refinement and dislocation localization on the core region than route C. The finite element analysis revealed that the intense microstructural heterogeneities observed in route A were attributed to effective shear strain partitioning between the core and surface regions by the absence of redundant strain. On the other hand, route C induced reverse shearing and cancellation of shear strain over the entire thickness, leading to weak shear strain partitioning and delayed grain refinement. Ultimately, this work suggests that route A is the preferred option to manufacture reverse gradient structures in that the degree of shear strain partitioning and microstructural heterogeneity between the core and surface regions is more efficiently intensified with increasing the number of passes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd))

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11 pages, 11746 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Pre-Annealing on the Evolution of the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Processed by a Novel SPD Method

by Alexander P. Zhilyaev, Mario J. Torres, Homero D. Cadena, Sandra L. Rodriguez, Jessica Calvo and José-María Cabrera

Materials 2020, 13(10), 2361; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13102361 - 21 May 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2094

Abstract

A novel continuous process of severe plastic deformation (SPD) named continuous close die forging (CCDF) is presented. The CCDF process combines all favorite advances of multidirectional forging and other SPD methods, and it can be easily scaled up for industrial use. Keeping constant both the cross section and the length of the sample, the new method promotes a refinement of the microstructure. The grain refinement and mechanical properties of commercially pure aluminum (AA1050) were studied as a function of the number of CCDF repetitive passes and the previous conditioning heat treatment. In particular, two different pre-annealing treatments were applied. The first one consisted of a reheating to 623 K (350 °C) for 1 h aimed at eliminating the effect of the deformation applied during the bar extrusion. The second pre-annealing consisted on a reheating to 903 K (630 °C) for 48 h plus cooling down to 573 K (300 °C) at 66 K/h. At this latter temperature, the material remained for 3 h prior to a final cooling to room temperature within the furnace, i.e., slow cooling rate. This treatment aimed at increasing the elongation and formability of the material. No visible cracking was detected in the workpiece of AA1050 processed up to 16 passes at room temperature after the first conditioning heat treatment, and 24 passes were able to be applied when the material was subjected to the second heat treatment. After processing through 16 passes for the low temperature pre-annealed samples, the microstructure was refined down to a mean grain size of 0.82 µm and the grain size was further reduced to 0.72 µm after 24 passes, applied after the high temperature heat treatment. Tensile tests showed the best mechanical properties after the high temperature pre-annealing and 24 passes of the novel CCDF method. A yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 180 and 226 MPa, respectively, were obtained. Elongation to fracture was 18%. The microstructure and grain boundary nature are discussed in relation to the mechanical properties attained by the current ultrafine-grained (UFG) AA1050 processed by this new method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd))

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12 pages, 4706 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Formability of the 5754-Aluminum Alloy Deformed by a Modified Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening Process

by Marco Ezequiel, Sergio Elizalde, José-María Cabrera, Josep Picas, Ignacio A. Figueroa, Ismeli Alfonso and Gonzalo Gonzalez

Materials 2020, 13(3), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030633 - 31 Jan 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2729

Abstract

Sheets of 5754-aluminum alloy processed by a modified repetitive corrugation and straightening (RCS) process were tested in order to measure their formability. For this purpose, forming limit curves were derived. They showed that the material forming capacity decreased after being processed by RCS. However, they kept good formability in the initial stages of the RCS process. The formability study was complemented with microstructural analysis (derivation of texture) and mechanical tests to obtain the strain-rate sensitivity. The texture analysis was done by employing X-ray diffraction, obtaining pole figures, and the orientation distribution function. It was noticed that the initial texture was conserved after successive RCS passes, but the intensity dropped. RCS process did not induce β-fiber, contrary to common deformation process. The strain-rate sensitivity coefficient was measured through tensile tests at different temperatures and strain rates; the coefficient of the samples processed after one and two passes were still relatively high, indicating the capacity to delay necking, in agreement with the good formability observed in the initial passes of the RCS process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd))

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12 pages, 3756 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Machining Velocity on Ultra-Fine Grained Al 7075 Alloy Produced by Cryogenic Temperature Large Strain Extrusion Machining

by Xiaolong Yin, Haitao Chen and Wenjun Deng

Materials 2019, 12(10), 1656; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12101656 - 21 May 2019

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2667

Abstract

In this study, cryogenic temperature large strain extrusion machining (CT-LSEM) as a novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) method for producing ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructure is investigated. Solution treated Al 7075 alloy was subjected to CT-LSEM, room temperature (RT) LSEM, as well as CT free machining (CT-FM) with different machining velocities to study their comparative effects. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Vickers hardness measurements. It is observed that the hardness of the sample has increased from 105 HV to 169 HV and the chip can be fully extruded under CT-LSEM at the velocity of 5.4 m/min. The chip thickness and hardness decrease with velocity except for RT-LSEM at the machining velocity of 21.6 m/min, under which the precipitation hardening exceeds the softening effect. The constraining tool and processing temperature play a significant role in chip morphology. DSC analysis suggests that the LSEM process can accelerate the aging kinetics of the alloy. A higher dislocation density, which is due to the suppression of dynamic recovery, contributes to the CT-LSEM samples, resulting in greater hardness than the RT-LSEM samples. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials by Non-traditional Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation (Spd))

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