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Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders
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Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 10891

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Paola Ammendola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Research on Combustion (IRC)—CNR, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: fluidization; energy; fine cohesive powders; biomass; heterogeneous catalysis; CO2 capture; thermochemical energy storage; concentrated solar power; hydrogen
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue, “Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders”, will address experimental/theoretical research and latest progress in the science and technology of fluidization and flow behavior of fine/ultrafine particles.

Fine powders, down to ultrafine or nanopowders, have attracted growing attention in recent years in both the industrial and academic sectors due to their new chemical, physical, and mechanical characteristics, mainly deriving from their very small primary particle size and large surface area-to-volume ratio. Indeed, they can provide better contact efficiency and higher reaction rates per unit volume of reactor than traditional materials in the case of fluid/solid and solid/solid reactions. Moreover, fine powders find applications in a variety of industrial sectors, such as the production of sorbents, catalysts, cosmetics, drugs, food, medicines, plastics, biomaterials, metal mixtures, metal foams, and microelectromechanical systems.

Therefore, the interest in using this type of granular materials raises many questions around how they can be handled and processed in large-scale applications. In this framework, fluidization is one of the most effective available techniques in ensuring continuous powder handling and dispersion characterized by good heat and mass transfer coefficients. However, fluidization of fine powders is very challenging (i.e., characterized by plug formation, channeling, and agglomeration) due to their intrinsic cohesive nature deriving from strong interparticle forces, such as van der Waals, electrostatic, and moisture-induced surface tension forces. In particular, interparticle forces are closely related to powder flowability, a complex of different characteristics generally adopted for measuring the ability of a powder to flow under specified conditions. The powder’s flow behavior is not an inherent property of the material but depends on both intrinsic material properties and bulk powder properties, as well as on processing conditions. Therefore, understanding the fundamental mechanism and developing technological solutions able to ensure the feasibility of fine cohesive powders fluidization and good powder flowability are required for efficient large-scale powder processing.

Original papers are solicited on experimental/theoretical studies on fluidization of cohesive powders. Of particular interest are recent developments in technologies able to ensure a proper fluidization regime of fine powders and their applications in chemical and industrial processes. Articles dealing with fundamental aspects of powder flow behavior, also highlighting the complex link between local particles interactions and their fluidization behavior, and with methods to predict and improve powder flowability are very welcome.

Dr. Paola Ammendola
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Fine particles
  • Nanoparticles
  • Cohesiveness
  • Fluidization
  • Flowability
  • Interparticle forces (IPFs)

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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33 pages, 6565 KiB  
Article
Forced Convection Nanofluid Heat Transfer as a Function of Distance in Microchannels
by Saeid Vafaei, Jonathan A. Yeager, Peter Daluga and Branden Scherer
Materials 2021, 14(11), 3021; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14113021 - 02 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2164
Abstract
As electronic devices become smaller and more powerful, the demand for micro-scale thermal management becomes necessary in achieving a more compact design. One way to do that is enhancing the forced convection heat transfer by adding nanoparticles into the base liquid. In this [...] Read more.
As electronic devices become smaller and more powerful, the demand for micro-scale thermal management becomes necessary in achieving a more compact design. One way to do that is enhancing the forced convection heat transfer by adding nanoparticles into the base liquid. In this study, the nanofluid forced convection heat transfer coefficient was measured inside stainless-steel microchannels (ID = 210 μm) and heat transfer coefficient as a function of distance was measured to explore the effects of base liquid, crystal phase, nanoparticle material, and size on heat transfer coefficient. It was found that crystal phase, characteristics of nanoparticles, the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid can play a significant role on heat transfer coefficient. In addition, the effects of man-made and commercial TiO2 on heat transfer coefficient were investigated and it was found that man-made anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were more effective to enhance the heat transfer coefficient, for given conditions. This study also conducted a brief literature review on nanofluid forced convection heat transfer to investigate how nanofluid heat transfer coefficient as a function of distance would be affected by effective parameters such as base liquid, flow regime, concentration, and the characteristics of nanoparticles (material and size). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders)
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Review

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71 pages, 18015 KiB  
Review
Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity: Review and Optimization of Effects of Nanoparticles
by Kevin Apmann, Ryan Fulmer, Alberto Soto and Saeid Vafaei
Materials 2021, 14(5), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051291 - 08 Mar 2021
Cited by 75 | Viewed by 4711
Abstract
This review was focused on expressing the effects of base liquid, temperature, possible surfactant, concentration and characteristics of nanoparticles including size, shape and material on thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids. An increase in nanoparticle concentration can lead to an increase in thermal [...] Read more.
This review was focused on expressing the effects of base liquid, temperature, possible surfactant, concentration and characteristics of nanoparticles including size, shape and material on thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids. An increase in nanoparticle concentration can lead to an increase in thermal conductivity and viscosity and an increase in nanoparticle size, can increase or decrease thermal conductivity, while an increase in nanoparticle size decreases the viscosity of the nanofluid. The addition of surfactants at low concentrations can increase thermal conductivity, but at high concentrations, surfactants help to reduce thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. The addition of surfactants can decrease the nanofluid viscosity. Increasing the temperature, increased the thermal conductivity of a nanofluid, while decreasing its viscosity. Additionally, the effects of material of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of a nanofluid need further investigations. In the case of hybrid nanofluids, it was observed that nanofluids with two different particles have the same trend of behavior as nanofluids with single particles in the regard to changes in temperature and concentration. Additionally, the level of accuracy of existing theoretical models for thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids was examined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders)
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24 pages, 44776 KiB  
Review
Sound-Assisted Fluidization for Temperature Swing Adsorption and Calcium Looping: A Review
by Federica Raganati and Paola Ammendola
Materials 2021, 14(3), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14030672 - 01 Feb 2021
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 3041
Abstract
Fine/ultra-fine cohesive powders find application in different industrial and chemical sectors. For example, they are considered in the framework of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), for the reduction of the carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere, and in the framework of the [...] Read more.
Fine/ultra-fine cohesive powders find application in different industrial and chemical sectors. For example, they are considered in the framework of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), for the reduction of the carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere, and in the framework of the thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. Therefore, developing of technologies able to handle/process big amounts of these materials is of great importance. In this context, the sound-assisted fluidized bed reactor (SAFB) designed and set-up in Naples represents a useful device to study the behavior of cohesive powders also in the framework of low and high temperature chemical processes, such as CO2 adsorption and Ca-looping. The present manuscript reviews the main results obtained so far using the SAFB. More specifically, the role played by the acoustic perturbation and its effect on the fluid dynamics of the system and on the performances/outcomes of the specific chemical processes are pointed out. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluidization and Flow Properties of Fine Cohesive Powders)
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