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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2017) | Viewed by 33997

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Prof. Dr. Te-Hua Fang

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Chien Kung Campus, 415 Chien Kung Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Interests: nano manufacturing; solar cells and optoelectronic sensing element; molecular dynamics

Prof. Dr. Chien-Hung Liu

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
Interests: high precision instrument design; laser engineering; smart sensors and actuators; optical device; optical measurement; metrology
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Dr. Ming-Tsang Lee

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Interests: renewable energy; green manufacturing; multiscale heat transfer; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Tao-Hsing Chen

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Interests: metal material; nanomaterial; composite; amorphous materials; TEM microstructural analysis; fracture mechanic; dynamic material property
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aims and scope of the 2016 International Conference on Inventions is to make researchers focus on patent-based research. This Special Issue will also focus on inventions in materials engineering. Material-related invention is a solution to a specific technological problem and is an improvement on new processes, new materials, and new components, which also could achieve a completely unique function or radical breakthrough. However, there is a very thin line between brilliant innovation and absolute failure, as some of these inventors famously discovered, and also may even face the problems of insufficient funds. Therefore, patent-based research is a form that offers a way to apprehend the ideas and advance projects immediately and rapidly by the successful, practical results of predecessors. We expect the conference to be a platform for successful patent inventors to share their experiences in inventing with all the participants of the conference. At the same time, the conference also aims to gather and show high quality papers concerning the discovery of completely unique functions or results, while even going further in order to advance the frontiers of science and extend the standards of excellence established by inventions to readers.

Topics of the conference include:

Patent-based inventions in materials engineering
Inventions in device materials and sensors materials
Inventions in processes for materials
Inventions in biotechnology and materials

Prof. Dr. Te-Hua Fang
Prof. Dr. Chien-Hung Liu
Dr. Ming-Tsang Lee
Dr. Tao-Hsing Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

patent-based inventions in materials engineering
device materials
sensor materials
biotechnology materials
thin film materials

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

3563 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Silica Nanoarchitecture-Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid)

by Yao-Wen Hsu, Chia-Ching Wu, Song-Mao Wu and Chean-Cheng Su

Materials 2017, 10(7), 829; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10070829 - 19 Jul 2017

Cited by 27 | Viewed by 5021

Abstract

A novel nanoarchitecture-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposite was prepared using multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-grafted silica nanohybrids as reinforcements. MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids were synthesized by the generation of silica nanoparticles on the MWCNT surface through the sol-gel technique. This synthetic method involves organo-modified MWCNTs that are dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, which incorporates tetraethoxysilane that undergoes an ultrasonic sol-gel process. Gelation yielded highly dispersed silica on the organo-modified MWCNTs. The structure and properties of the nanohybrids were established using ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The resulting MWCNT nanoarchitectures were covalently assembled into silica nanoparticles, which exhibited specific and controllable morphologies and were used to reinforce biodegradable PLA. The tensile strength and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites increased when the MWCNT-grafted silica was applied to the PLA matrix; by contrast, the surface resistivity of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites appeared to decline as the amount of MWCNT-grafted silica in the PLA matrix increased. Overall, the reinforcement of PLA using MWCNT-grafted silica nanoarchitectures was efficient and improved its mechanical properties, heat resistance, and electrical resistivity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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8887 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Deep Drawing Process for Stainless Steel Micro-Channel Array

by Tsung-Chia Chen, Jiang-Cheng Lin and Rong-Mao Lee

Materials 2017, 10(4), 423; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040423 - 18 Apr 2017

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6247

Abstract

The stainless steel bipolar plate has received much attention due to the cost of graphite bipolar plates. Since the micro-channel of bipolar plates plays the role of fuel flow field, electric connector and fuel sealing, an investigation of the deep drawing process for stainless steel micro-channel arrays is reported in this work. The updated Lagrangian formulation, degenerated shell finite element analysis, and the r-minimum rule have been employed to study the relationship between punch load and stroke, distributions of stress and strain, thickness variations and depth variations of individual micro-channel sections. A micro-channel array is practically formed, with a width and depth of a single micro-channel of 0.75 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Fractures were usually observed in the fillet corner of the micro-channel bottom. According to the experimental results, more attention should be devoted to the fillet dimension design of punch and die. A larger die fillet can lead to better formability and a reduction of the punch load. In addition, the micro-channel thickness and the fillet radius have to be taken into consideration at the same time. Finally, the punch load estimated by the unmodified metal forming equation is higher than that of experiments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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2842 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of the Fabrication Parameters of the Nanosphere Lithography Method on the Properties of the Deposited Au-Ag Nanoparticle Arrays

by Jing Liu, Chaoyang Chen, Guangsong Yang, Yushan Chen and Cheng-Fu Yang

Materials 2017, 10(4), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040381 - 03 Apr 2017

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5882

Abstract

The nanosphere lithography (NSL) method can be developed to deposit the Au-Ag triangle hexagonal nanoparticle arrays for the generation of localized surface plasmon resonance. Previously, we have found that the parameters used to form the NSL masks and the physical methods required to deposit the Au-Ag thin films had large effects on the geometry properties of the nanoparticle arrays. Considering this, the different parameters used to grow the Au-Ag triangle hexagonal nanoparticle arrays were investigated. A single‐layer NSL mask was formed by using self‐assembly nano-scale polystyrene (PS) nanospheres with an average radius of 265 nm. At first, the concentration of the nano-scale PS nanospheres in the solution was set at 6 wt %. Two coating methods, drop-coating and spin-coating, were used to coat the nano-scale PS nanospheres as a single‐layer NSL mask. From the observations of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), we found that the matrixes of the PS nanosphere masks fabricated by using the drop-coating method were more uniform and exhibited a smaller gap than those fabricated by the spin-coating method. Next, the drop-coating method was used to form the single‐layer NSL mask and the concentration of nano-scale PS nanospheres in a solution that was changed from 4 to 10 wt %, for further study. The SEM images showed that when the concentrations of PS nanospheres in the solution were 6 and 8 wt %, the matrixes of the PS nanosphere masks were more uniform than those of 4 and 10 wt %. The effects of the one-side lifting angle of substrates and the vaporization temperature for the solvent of one-layer self-assembly PS nanosphere thin films, were also investigated. Finally, the concentration of the nano-scale PS nanospheres in the solution was set at 8 wt % to form the PS nanosphere masks by the drop-coating method. Three different physical deposition methods, including thermal evaporation, radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, and e-gun deposition, were used to deposit the Au-Ag triangle hexagonal periodic nanoparticle arrays. The SEM images showed that as the single-layer PS nanosphere mask was well controlled, the thermal evaporation could deposit the Au-Ag triangle hexagonal nanoparticle arrays with a higher quality than the other two methods. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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5974 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Sensitized Corrosion of the 5383-H116 Al-Mg Alloy

by Ying-Kai Lin, Shing-Hai Wang, Ren-Yu Chen, Tso-Sheng Hsieh, Liren Tsai and Chia-Chin Chiang

Materials 2017, 10(3), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030275 - 09 Mar 2017

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4397

Abstract

In this study, the effects of heat treatment and sensitized corrosion on the 5383-H116 Al-Mg alloy were investigated for temperatures ranging from 100 to 450 °C. The results show that the heat treatment temperature is the main factor that causes changes to the microstructure and mechanical strength of the 5383-H116 Al-Mg alloy, inducing β-phase (Al₃Mg₂) precipitation in the form of a continuous layer along the grain boundaries. Intergranular corrosion was caused by the β-phase of the grain boundary precipitation, and the corrosion susceptibility of the recrystallized structure was significantly higher than the corrosion susceptibility of the recovered structure. According to the conductivity values detected, β-phase precipitation can enhance the 5383-H116 Al-Mg alloy conductivity, with the response due to structural dislocation density being higher than that due to the recrystallized structure. As such, the β-phase precipitation after sensitization is more significant than the β-phase precipitation prior to the sensitization, such that after sensitization, the conductivity rises to a significantly higher level than that exhibited by the recrystallization structure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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4322 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of the α-IGZO/Ag/α-IGZO Triple-Layer Structure Films for the Application of Transparent Electrode

by Kun-Neng Chen, Cheng-Fu Yang, Chia-Ching Wu and Yu-Hsin Chen

Materials 2017, 10(3), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030226 - 24 Feb 2017

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5803

Abstract

We investigated the structural, optical, and electrical properties of amorphous IGZO/silver/amorphous IGZO (α-IGZO/Ag/α-IGZO) triple-layer structures that were deposited at room temperature on Eagle XG glass and flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrates through the sputtering method. Thin Ag layers with different thicknesses were inserted between two IGZO layers to form a triple-layer structure. Ag was used because of its lower absorption and resistivity. Field emission scanning electron microscopy measurements of the triple-layer structures revealed that the thicknesses of the Ag layers ranged from 13 to 41 nm. The thickness of the Ag layer had a large effect on the electrical and optical properties of the electrodes. The optimum thickness of the Ag metal thin film could be evaluated according to the optical transmittance, electrical conductivity, and figure of merit of the electrode. This study demonstrates that the α-IGZO/Ag/α-IGZO triple-layer transparent electrode can be fabricated with low sheet resistance (4.2 Ω/□) and high optical transmittance (88.1%) at room temperature without postannealing processing on the deposited thin films. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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5908 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Self-Healing Materials for Ecotribology

by Shih-Chen Shi and Teng-Feng Huang

Materials 2017, 10(1), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10010091 - 22 Jan 2017

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5512

Abstract

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a biopolymer that is biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and bio-friendly. Owing to its unique chemical structure, HPMC can reduce the coefficient of friction (COF) and frictional wear and thus possesses excellent lubrication properties. HPMC has good dissolvability in specific solvents. The present research focuses on the reversible dissolution reaction subsequent to the film formation of HPMC, with a view to the healing and lubrication properties of thin films. Raman spectroscopy was used to test the film-forming properties of HPMC and the dissolution characteristics of various solvents. In this study, the solvents were water, methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The results showed that the HPMC film had the highest dissolvability in water. The ball-on-disk wear test was used to analyze the lubrication properties of HPMC, and the results showed that HPMC had the same COF and lubrication properties as the original film after being subjected to the water healing treatment. The HPMC film can be reused, recycled, and refilled, making it an ideal lubricant for next-generation ecotribology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Material Related Papers from ICI2016)

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