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Effect of Additives and Binders on Asphalt Pavement Properties

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction and Building Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 7087

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Prof. Dr. Grzegorz Mazurek

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Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
Interests: pavement engineering; FEM modeling; bitumen and bituminous composite rheology; data mining; design of experiment theory; recycled aggregate; recycling and utilization of polymer plastics
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Dear Colleagues,

The inescapable rise in road traffic and unpredictable climate-related factors is forcing the emergence of new material solutions in road engineering. More than 40% of pavement properties are affected by the bituminous binders used. Distilled bitumen is usually unable to meet the challenges of present trends for highly durable road structure designs. Fore this reason, researchers place a very strong emphasis on the modification of bitumen rheological characteristics using polymers, bitumen temperature-reducing additives, or those that increase bitumen storage stability. Stable bitumen modification requires a multitude of measurements and varied analytical methods that take into account a number of constant and random factors. Modern analytical tools used for this purpose include the design of experiments or neural networks. The results must be verified regarding the effectiveness of modifications. The effects of modern additives on modified bitumen are assessed based on asphalt mix properties, and the assessment must correlate with applicable requirements. Since sustainable road construction requirements ensure the optimized use of natural resources, the knowledge and practices concerning the use of waste-derived materials (recycling) as modifiers and additives are in high demand.

We invite original research articles that will stimulate further efforts on modern bituminous binders and additives for asphalt pavements.

Prof. Dr. Grzegorz Mazurek
Guest Editor

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Keywords

rheological modeling of modified bitumen and asphalt pavement
linear and nonlinear behavior of novel bitumens
innovative bitumen modifiers
advanced bitumen composites for road construction and maintenance
modification of binders and asphalt pavements with waste polymers
advanced statistical methods for predicting the influence of additives on asphalt pavement properties.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

34 pages, 5301 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From Hive to Highway: Waste Honeycombs as a Sustainable Modifier for Asphalt Binder Formulations in South Korea

by Nader Nciri and Namho Kim

Materials 2023, 16(21), 6934; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216934 - 28 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1169

Abstract

Navigating the crossroads of sustainable infrastructure and innovative waste management, this research unveils the potential of waste honeycombs (WHCs)—an overlooked byproduct of apiculture—as a potent modifier for asphalt binder formulations. This endeavor addresses the dual challenge of enhancing road pavement sustainability and mitigating environmental degradation. A meticulous methodology evaluated the impact of varying WHC concentrations (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) on the asphalt binder, examining its attributes pre- and post-aging. Employing an array of analytical tools—thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detection (TLC-FID); Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR); scanning electron microscopy (SEM); thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); and a suite of conventional tests such as penetration, softening point, viscosity, ductility, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and multiple stress-creep recovery (MSCR)—provided a comprehensive insight into the binder’s behavior. TLC-FID analyses revealed that WHC, with its 92 wt.% resin content, altered the SARA profile across distinct aging conditions, notably reducing asphaltene content, a factor linked to binder stiffness. The colloidal instability index (I_C) further attested to this, pointing to a more thermodynamically stable system with WHC’s inclusion. Meanwhile, FT-IR confirmed a physical interaction between WHC and asphalt without introducing new chemical entities. SEM observations highlighted the superior miscibility of WHC with asphalt, evidenced by a unique microtexture. With marked precision, TGA assessments unveiled a bolstering of asphalt’s inherent thermal resilience consequent to a minor WHC integration. From the conventional tests, shifts in penetration, softening point, and viscosity were observed, with reduced viscosity, indicating improved workability. Lastly, while rutting potential was sensitive to WHC concentrations, fatigue resistance notably heightened with minor to moderate WHC inclusions. In essence, this pioneering study advocates for WHC’s integration into asphalt formulations, offering enhanced road performance coupled with sustainable waste utilization. The findings underscore the synergy between environmental stewardship and infrastructural advancement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Additives and Binders on Asphalt Pavement Properties)

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23 pages, 2963 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Recycled Materials on Cold Mix with Foamed Bitumen Properties

by Przemysław Buczyński, Juraj Šrámek and Grzegorz Mazurek

Materials 2023, 16(3), 1208; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031208 - 31 Jan 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1291

Abstract

The utilization of recycled materials is an important issue in the context of environmental protection. The large amounts of recycled material recovered from the demolition of asphalt road structures indicate the need to find new ways of utilizing them. In the case of road renovation projects, large amounts of recycled materials are, in most cases, recovered in the form of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), reclaimed concrete (RC) and recycled aggregate (RA). To focus on the effects of the use of recovered materials (RAP, RC and RA), the same composition was used for all of the analyzed mixtures in terms of foamed bitumen (FB) and Portland cement (CEM) content. The scope of laboratory tests included the specification of the following parameters: the amount of air void content Vm, the determination of axial compression strength at +25 °C, indirect tensile strength (ITS) at +25 °C, water resistance, TSR, water and frost resistance, WR_W+M stiffness modulus (IT-CY) at 13 °C, dynamic dynamicmodulus. The plan of the experiment assumed addition recycled material in quantities between 20% and 80% in increments of 20%. The obtained results indicate that both the type and quantity of recycled material significantly affect the properties of the cold-recycled mixture with foamed bitumen. Using reclaimed asphalt pavement and recycled cement concrete guarantees high levels of stiffness in the recycled mixture. Howeverin the case of recycled aggregate, the authors did not observe any visible changes in the dynamicdynamic modulus, irrespective of the loading conditions. It was also indicated that it is necessary to reduce the quantity of reclaimed asphalt pavement in the composition of the FB-RCM mix to maintain the required air void content. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Additives and Binders on Asphalt Pavement Properties)

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23 pages, 5391 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Composition Optimisation of Selected Waste Polymer-Modified Bitumen

by Grzegorz Mazurek, Juraj Šrámek and Przemysław Buczyński

Materials 2022, 15(24), 8714; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15248714 - 07 Dec 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1433

Abstract

Waste plastomer disposal is currently a major challenge facing modern economies. This article reports on a study and analysis regarding the implementation of plastomers into bitumen, with a special focus on the influence of mixing process factors. Two plastomers were selected for analysis, PP and PET, and two bitumen types, 20/30 and 70/100, were modified. Determination of the basic characteristics, such as penetration, softening temperature, cohesion energy, and Fraass temperature, was complemented with advanced multiple-stress creep recovery (MSCR) rheological testing. The entire experimental process followed the Plackett–Burman design. Rheological effects of modified bitumen were evaluated using the generalized Maxwell model. Microstructural analysis with epi-fluorescence microscopy showed the ability of plastomer-modified bitumen to obtain a fine-grained structure with a particle size of <10 μm. In addition, creep susceptibility (Jnr) was found to be statistically significantly dependent on the polymer type and particle size, rotational speed, and bitumen type. In turn, the particle dispersion structure in the bitumen matrix significantly depended on the rotational speed, plastomer particle size, and mixing temperature. Ultimately, the process of bitumen 70/100 modification was optimized. It was demonstrated, following the experimental design, that by using fine-grained PP for a temperature of 160 °C, rotational speed of about 6300 rpm and time of 105 min, it is possible to obtain modified bitumen with rheological properties very similar to those of modified bitumen PmB 45/80-55. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Additives and Binders on Asphalt Pavement Properties)

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30 pages, 5097 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Upcycling Discarded Shoe Polish into High Value-Added Asphalt Fluxing Agent for Use in Hot Mix Paving Applications

by Nader Nciri and Namho Kim

Materials 2022, 15(18), 6454; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15186454 - 17 Sep 2022

Viewed by 2350

Abstract

This research effort is geared towards revealing the latent potential of discarded shoe polish that might be repurposed as an asphalt fluxing agent for the construction of durable and sustainable road surfaces. To drive this creative invention, the effect of various proportions of waste shoe polish (e.g., 5, 10 and 15 wt. % WSP) on the performance of base AP-5 bitumen was inspected in great detail. A meticulous investigation of the chemical, physical, and rheological properties of the resultant combinations was carried out using a variety of state-of-the-art laboratory techniques, specifically: thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detection (TLC-FID), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), needle penetration, ring-and-ball softening point, Brookfield viscometer, ductility, flash/fire points, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), multiple stress-creep recovery (MSCR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. The Iatroscan data disclosed that the continuous feeding of binder with WSP had a minor impact on SARA fractional distribution, regardless of aging. According to the FT-IR scan, the stepwise addition of WSP to the binder did not result in any significant chemical alterations in the blends. The combined outcomes of the DSR/BBR/empirical test methods forecasted that the partly bio-sourced additive would greatly improve the mixing–compaction temperatures, workability, and coating–adhesion properties of bituminous mixtures while imparting them with outstanding anti-aging/cracking attributes. In short, the utilization of waste shoe polish as a fluxing agent for hot asphalt mix production and application is not only safe, feasible, and affordable, but it has the potential to abate the pollution caused by the shoe-care market while simultaneously enhancing the overall performance of the pavement and extending its service lifespan. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Additives and Binders on Asphalt Pavement Properties)

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