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24 pages, 6411 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Sorbent for the Extraction of Lithium from Hydromineral Raw Materials

by Zaure Karshyga, Albina Yersaiynova, Azamat Yessengaziyev, Bauyrzhan Orynbayev, Marina Kvyatkovskaya and Igor Silachyov

Materials 2023, 16(24), 7548; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16247548 - 07 Dec 2023

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Abstract

The article presents the research results for the synthesis of inorganic sorbents based on manganese oxide compounds. It shows the results of the lithium sorption from brines with the use of synthesized sorbents. The effect of temperature, the molar ratio of Li/Mn, and [...] Read more.

The article presents the research results for the synthesis of inorganic sorbents based on manganese oxide compounds. It shows the results of the lithium sorption from brines with the use of synthesized sorbents. The effect of temperature, the molar ratio of Li/Mn, and the duration for obtaining a lithium-manganese precursor and its acid treatment was studied. The sorption characteristics of the synthesized sorbents were studied. The effect of the ratio of the sorbent mass to the brine volume and the duration of the process on the sorption of lithium from brine were studied. In this case, the sorbent recovery of lithium was ~86%. A kinetic model of the lithium sorption from brine on a synthesized sorbent was determined. The kinetics of the lithium sorption was described by a pseudo-second-order model, which implies limiting the speed of the process due to a chemical reaction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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16 pages, 56236 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Properties of Padding Welds Made of CuAl2 Multiwire and CuAl7 Wire in TIG Process

by Jarosław Kalabis, Aleksander Kowalski and Santina Topolska

Materials 2023, 16(18), 6199; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186199 - 13 Sep 2023

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Abstract

This paper presents the influence of the Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) process on the structure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of padding welds made using the TIG method from aluminium bronzes—CuAl7 and CuAl2 (a composite bundled wire). The tested CuAl7 material was a [...] Read more.

This paper presents the influence of the Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) process on the structure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of padding welds made using the TIG method from aluminium bronzes—CuAl7 and CuAl2 (a composite bundled wire). The tested CuAl7 material was a commercial welding wire, while the CuAl2 composite was an experimental one (a prototype of the material produced in multiwire technology). The wire contains a bundle of component materials—in this case, copper in the form of a tube and aluminium in the form of rods. The padding welds were manufactured for both the CuAl7 wire and the CuAl2 multiwire. The prepared samples were subjected to the Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) process, chemical composition tests were performed, and then the samples were subjected to observations using light microscopy, Vickers hardness testing, electrical conductivity tests, and apparent density determination using Archimedes’ Principle. Tribological tests (the ‘pin on disc’ method) and neutral salt spray corrosion tests were conducted. The padding weld made of CuAl2 multifiber material subjected to the HIP process is characterized by an improvement in density of 0.01 g/cm³; a homogenization of the hardness results across the sample was also observed. The average hardness of the sample after the HIP process decreased by about 15HV, however, the standard deviation also decreased by about 8HV. The electrical conductivity of the CuAl2 welded sample increased from 16.35 MS/m to 17.49 MS/m for the CuAl2 sample after the HIP process. As a result of this process, a visible increase in electrical conductivity was observed in the case of the wall made of the CuAl2 multiwire—an increase of 1.14 MS/m. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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14 pages, 8630 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Grain Structure and Quenching Rate on the Susceptibility to Exfoliation Corrosion in 7085 Alloy

by Puli Cao, Chengbo Li, Daibo Zhu, Cai Zhao, Bo Xiao and Guilan Xie

Materials 2023, 16(17), 5934; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175934 - 30 Aug 2023

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Abstract

The influence of grain structure and quenching rates on the exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) susceptibility of 7085 alloy was studied using immersion tests, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The results show that [...] Read more.

The influence of grain structure and quenching rates on the exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) susceptibility of 7085 alloy was studied using immersion tests, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The results show that as the cooling rate decreases from 1048 °C/min to 129 °C/min; the size of grain boundary precipitates (GBPs); the width of precipitate-free zones (PFZ); and the content of Zn, Mg, and Cu in GBPs rise, leading to an increase in EXCO depth and consequently higher EXCO susceptibility. Meanwhile, there is a linear relationship between the average corrosion depth and the logarithm of the cooling rate. Corrosion cracks initiate at the grain boundaries (GBs) and primarily propagate along the HAGBs. In the bar grain (BG) sample at lower cooling rates, crack propagation along the sub-grain boundaries (SGBs) was observed. Compared to equiaxed grain (EG) samples, the elongated grain samples exhibit larger GBPs, a wider PFZ, and minor compositional differences in the GBPs, resulting in higher EXCO susceptibility. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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18 pages, 11739 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microstructure Evolution of the Near-Surface Deformed Layer and Corrosion Behavior of Hot Rolled AA7050 Aluminum Alloy

by Ergen Liu, Qinglin Pan, Bing Liu, Ji Ye and Weiyi Wang

Materials 2023, 16(13), 4632; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134632 - 27 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 694

Abstract

The current study investigates the influence of hot rolling on the microstructure evolution of the near-surface region on AA7050 aluminum alloy and the corrosion performance of the alloy. It is revealed that hot rolling resulted in grain refinement in the near-surface region, caused [...] Read more.

The current study investigates the influence of hot rolling on the microstructure evolution of the near-surface region on AA7050 aluminum alloy and the corrosion performance of the alloy. It is revealed that hot rolling resulted in grain refinement in the near-surface region, caused by dynamic recrystallization, and equiaxed grains less than 500 nm can be clearly observed. Fibrous grains were evident in the hot rolled AA7050 aluminum alloy with relatively lower rolling temperature or larger rolling reduction, caused by the more severe elemental segregation at grain boundaries, which inhibited the progression of dynamic recrystallization. The density of the precipitates in the fibrous grain layer was higher, compared with those in the equiaxed grain layer, due to the increased dislocation density, combined with more severe elemental segregation, which significantly promoted the nucleation of precipitates. With the co-influence exerted by low density of precipitates and dislocations on the improvement of the corrosion performance of the alloy, the rolled AA7050 alloy with decreased density of precipitates and dislocations exhibited better corrosion resistance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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15 pages, 11364 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect of Cu–2.0Be Alloy during Hot Compression

by Daibo Zhu, Na Wu, Yang Liu, Xiaojin Liu, Chaohua Jiang, Yanbin Jiang, Hongyun Zhao, Shuhui Cui and Guilan Xie

Materials 2023, 16(12), 4455; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124455 - 18 Jun 2023

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Abstract

The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect of Cu–2.0Be alloy was investigated using hot isothermal compression at varying strain rates (0.01–10 s⁻¹) and temperature (903–1063 K). An Arrhenius-type constitutive equation was developed, and the average activation was determined. Both strain-rate-sensitive and temperature-sensitive serrations were [...] Read more.

The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect of Cu–2.0Be alloy was investigated using hot isothermal compression at varying strain rates (0.01–10 s⁻¹) and temperature (903–1063 K). An Arrhenius-type constitutive equation was developed, and the average activation was determined. Both strain-rate-sensitive and temperature-sensitive serrations were identified. The stress–strain curve exhibited three types of serrations: type A at high strain rates, type B (mixed A + B) at medium strain rates, and type C at low strain rates. The serration mechanism is mainly affected by the interaction between the velocity of solute atom diffusion and movable dislocations. As the strain rate increases, the dislocations outpace the diffusion speed of the solute atoms, limiting their ability to effectively pin the dislocations, resulting in lower dislocation density and serration amplitude. Moreover, the dynamic phase transformation triggers the formation of nanoscale dispersive β phases, which impede dislocation and cause a rapid increase in the effective stress required for unpinning, leading to the formation of mixed A + B serrations at 1 s⁻¹. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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14 pages, 9852 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermal Deformation Behavior and Dynamic Softening Mechanisms of Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti Alloy: An Investigation of Hot Processing Conditions and Flow Stress Behavior

by Guilan Xie, Zhihao Kuang, Jingxin Li, Yating Zhang, Shilei Han, Chengbo Li, Daibo Zhu and Yang Liu

Materials 2023, 16(12), 4431; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16124431 - 16 Jun 2023

Viewed by 759

Abstract

Through isothermal hot compression experiments at various strain rates and temperatures, the thermal deformation behavior of Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloy is investigated. The Arrhenius-type model is utilized to forecast flow stress behavior. Results show that the Arrhenius-type model accurately reflects the flow behavior in the [...] Read more.

Through isothermal hot compression experiments at various strain rates and temperatures, the thermal deformation behavior of Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloy is investigated. The Arrhenius-type model is utilized to forecast flow stress behavior. Results show that the Arrhenius-type model accurately reflects the flow behavior in the entire processing region. The dynamic material model (DMM) reveals that the optimal processing region for the hot processing of Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloy has a maximum efficiency of about 35%, in the temperatures range (493–543 K) and a strain rate range (0.01–0.1 s⁻¹). Microstructure analysis demonstrates that the primary dynamic softening mechanism of Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloy after hot compression is significantly influenced by temperature and strain rate. At low temperature (423 K) and low strain rate (0.1 s⁻¹), the interaction of dislocations is the primary mechanism for the softening Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloys. At a strain rate of 1 s⁻¹, the primary mechanism changes to continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX). Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) occurs when Zn-2.0Cu-0.15Ti alloy is deformed under the conditions of 523 K/0.1 s⁻¹, while twinning dynamic recrystallization (TDRX) and CDRX are observed when the strain rate is 10 s⁻¹. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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13 pages, 4580 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Boronizing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CoCrFeNiMn High-Entropy Alloy

by Mingyu Hu, Xuemei Ouyang, Fucheng Yin, Xu Zhao, Zuchuan Zhang and Xinming Wang

Materials 2023, 16(10), 3754; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103754 - 16 May 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1030

Abstract

The CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloys were treated by powder-pack boriding to improve their surface hardness and wear resistance. The variation of boriding layer thickness with time and temperature was studied. Then, the frequency factor D₀ and diffusion activation energy Q of element B [...] Read more.

The CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloys were treated by powder-pack boriding to improve their surface hardness and wear resistance. The variation of boriding layer thickness with time and temperature was studied. Then, the frequency factor D₀ and diffusion activation energy Q of element B in HEA are calculated to be 9.15 × 10⁻⁵ m²/s and 206.93 kJ/mol, respectively. The diffusion behavior of elements in the boronizing process was investigated and shows that the boride layer forms with the metal atoms diffusing outward and the diffusion layer forms with the B atoms diffusing inward by the Pt-labeling method. In addition, the surface microhardness of CoCrFeNiMn HEA was significantly improved to 23.8 ± 1.4 Gpa, and the friction coefficient was reduced from 0.86 to 0.48~0.61. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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17 pages, 7670 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Al Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Sn-Mn-Ca Alloys

by Shujuan Yan, Caihong Hou, Angui Zhang and Fugang Qi

Materials 2023, 16(10), 3664; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103664 - 11 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 807

Abstract

The effects of Al addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Sn-Mn-Ca alloys are studied in this paper. It was found that the Mg-6Sn-4Zn-1Mn-0.2Ca-xAl (ZTM641-0.2Ca-xAl, x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2 wt.%; hereafter, all compositions are in weight percent unless stated otherwise) [...] Read more.

The effects of Al addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Sn-Mn-Ca alloys are studied in this paper. It was found that the Mg-6Sn-4Zn-1Mn-0.2Ca-xAl (ZTM641-0.2Ca-xAl, x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2 wt.%; hereafter, all compositions are in weight percent unless stated otherwise) alloys have α-Mg, Mg₂Sn, Mg₇Zn₃, MgZn, α-Mn, CaMgSn, AlMn, Mg₃₂(Al,Zn)₄₉ phases. The grain is also refined when the Al element is added, and the angular-block AlMn phases are formed in the alloys. For the ZTM641-0.2Ca-xAl alloy, the higher Al content is beneficial to elongation, and the double-aged ZTM641-0.2Ca-2Al alloy has the highest elongation, which is 13.2%. The higher Al content enhances the high-temperature strength for the as-extruded ZTM641-0.2Ca alloy; overall, the as-extruded ZTM641-0.2Ca-2Al alloy has the best performance; that is, the tensile strength and yield strength of the ZTM641-0.2Ca-2Al alloy are 159 MPa and 132 MPa at 150 °C, and 103 MPa and 90 MPa at 200 °C, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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14 pages, 5096 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Retrogression Time on the Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a Modified AA7475 Aluminum Alloy

by Xu Zheng, Yi Yang, Jianguo Tang, Baoshuai Han, Yanjin Xu, Yuansong Zeng and Yong Zhang

Materials 2023, 16(7), 2733; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072733 - 29 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1052

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of retrogression time on the fatigue crack growth of a modified AA7475 aluminum alloy. Tests including tensile strength, fracture toughness, and fatigue limits were performed to understand the changes in properties with different retrogression procedures at 180 °C. [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the effect of retrogression time on the fatigue crack growth of a modified AA7475 aluminum alloy. Tests including tensile strength, fracture toughness, and fatigue limits were performed to understand the changes in properties with different retrogression procedures at 180 °C. The microstructure was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The findings indicated that as the retrogression time increased, the yield strength decreased from 508 MPa to 461 MPa, whereas the fracture toughness increased from 48 MPa√m to 63.5 MPa√m. The highest fracture toughness of 63.5 MPa√m was seen after 5 h of retrogression. The measured diameter of η’ precipitates increased from 6.13 nm at the retrogression 1 h condition to 6.50 nm at the retrogression 5 h condition. Prolonged retrogression also increased the chance of crack initiation, with slower crack growth rate in the long transverse direction compared to the longitudinal direction. An empirical relationship was established between fracture toughness and the volume fraction of age-hardening precipitates, with increasing number density of precipitates seen with increasing retrogression time. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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19 pages, 6615 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Hot Compressive Deformation Behavior of a Cu–Ni–Sn–Mn–Zn Alloy

by Yufang Zhang, Zhu Xiao, Xiangpeng Meng, Lairong Xiao, Yongjun Pei and Xueping Gan

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1445; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041445 - 09 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1457 | Correction

Abstract

Cu–9Ni–6Sn alloys have received widespread attention due to their good mechanical properties and resistance to stress relaxation in the electronic and electrical industries. The hot compression deformation behaviors of the Cu–9Ni–6Sn–0.3Mn–0.2Zn alloy were investigated using the Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator at a temperature range [...] Read more.

Cu–9Ni–6Sn alloys have received widespread attention due to their good mechanical properties and resistance to stress relaxation in the electronic and electrical industries. The hot compression deformation behaviors of the Cu–9Ni–6Sn–0.3Mn–0.2Zn alloy were investigated using the Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator at a temperature range of 700–900 °C and a strain rate range of 0.001–1 s⁻¹. The microstructural evolution of the Cu–9Ni–6Sn alloy during hot compression was studied by means of an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The constitutive equation of hot compression of the alloy was constructed by peak flow stress, and the corresponding 3D hot processing maps were plotted. The results showed that the peak flow stress decreased with the increase in the compression temperature and the decrease in the strain rate. The hot deformation activation energy was calculated as 243.67 kJ/mol by the Arrhenius equation, and the optimum deformation parameters for the alloy were 740–760 °C and 840–900 °C with a strain rate of 0.001~0.01 s⁻¹. According to Deform-3D finite element simulation results, the distribution of the equivalent strain field in the hot deformation samples was inhomogeneous. The alloy was more sensitive to the deformation rate than to the temperature. The simulation results can provide a guideline for the optimization of the microstructure and hot deformation parameters of the Cu–9Ni–6Sn–0.3Mn–0.2Zn alloy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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12 pages, 5387 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fabrication of Cu/Al/Cu Laminated Composites Reinforced with Graphene by Hot Pressing and Evaluation of Their Electrical Conductivity

by Hang Zheng, Ruixiang Zhang, Qin Xu, Xiangqing Kong, Wanting Sun, Ying Fu, Muhong Wu and Kaihui Liu

Materials 2023, 16(2), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020622 - 09 Jan 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1861

Abstract

Metal laminated composites are widely used in industrial and commercial applications due to their excellent overall performance. In this study, the copper/graphene-aluminum-copper/graphene (Cu/Gr-Al-Cu/Gr) laminated composites were prepared by ingenious hot pressing design. Raman, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), van der Pauw [...] Read more.

Metal laminated composites are widely used in industrial and commercial applications due to their excellent overall performance. In this study, the copper/graphene-aluminum-copper/graphene (Cu/Gr-Al-Cu/Gr) laminated composites were prepared by ingenious hot pressing design. Raman, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), van der Pauw (vdP), and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) were used to investigate the graphene status, interface bonding, diffusion layer thickness, electrical conductivity, Miller indices and secondary phases, respectively. The results demonstrate that the Cu-Al interfaces in the Cu/Gr-Al-Cu/Gr composites were free of pores, cracks and other defects and bonded well. The number of graphene layers was varied by regulating the thickness of the Cu/Gr layer, with the Cu/Gr foils fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The electrical conductivity of the composite was significantly improved by the induced high-quality interfaces Cu/Gr structure. The increased number of graphene layers is beneficial for enhancing the electrical conductivity of the Cu/Gr-Al-Cu/Gr composite, and the highest conductivity improved by 20.5% compared to that of raw Al. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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10 pages, 3790 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Orientation Control for Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloys: Grain Selection Method Assisted by Directional Columnar Grains

by Songsong Hu, Yunsong Zhao, Weimin Bai, Yilong Dai, Zhenyu Yang, Fucheng Yin and Xinming Wang

Materials 2022, 15(13), 4463; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134463 - 24 Jun 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1498

Abstract

The service performance of single crystal blades depends on the crystal orientation. A grain selection method assisted by directional columnar grains is studied to control the crystal orientation of Ni-based single crystal superalloys. The samples were produced by the Bridgman technique at withdrawal [...] Read more.

The service performance of single crystal blades depends on the crystal orientation. A grain selection method assisted by directional columnar grains is studied to control the crystal orientation of Ni-based single crystal superalloys. The samples were produced by the Bridgman technique at withdrawal rates of 100 μm/s. During directional solidification, the directional columnar grains are partially melted, and a number of stray grains are formed in the transition zone just above the melt-back interface. The grain selected by this method was one that grew epitaxially along the un-melted directional columnar grains. Finally, the mechanism of selection grain and application prospect of this grain selection method assisted by directional columnar grains is discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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13 pages, 8051 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predictions and Experiments on the Distortion of the 20Cr2Ni4A C-ring during Carburizing and Quenching Process

by Yongming Yan, Yanjun Xue, Wenchao Yu, Ke Liu, Maoqiu Wang, Xinming Wang and Liuqing Ni

Materials 2022, 15(12), 4345; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124345 - 20 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1559

Abstract

This paper focuses on the effect of gear steel on distortion due to phase transformation in carburizing and quenching. The carburizing and quenching process of C-rings under suspension was studied by using the finite element method based on the thermo-mechanical theory, considering phase [...] Read more.

This paper focuses on the effect of gear steel on distortion due to phase transformation in carburizing and quenching. The carburizing and quenching process of C-rings under suspension was studied by using the finite element method based on the thermo-mechanical theory, considering phase transformation. The phase transformation kinetics parameters, depending on different carbon contents, were measured by Gleeble-3500. The distortion behavior of the carburized C-ring during the cooling stage was analyzed, as well as the carbon concentration distribution and martensite volume fractions. The accuracy of the simulation was also verified by comparing the experimental data with the simulated result of the distortion and microstructure. A reliable basis is provided for predicting the distortion mechanism of gear steels in carburizing and quenching. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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11 pages, 4405 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Y on Recrystallization Behavior in Non-Oriented 4.5 wt% Si Steel Sheets

by Jing Qin, Haibin Zhao, Dongsheng Wang, Songlin Wang and Youwen Yang

Materials 2022, 15(12), 4227; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124227 - 15 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1172

Abstract

4.5 wt% Si steel sheets with four different yttrium (Y) contents (0, 0.006, 0.012 and 0.016 wt%) were fabricated by hot rolling, normalizing, warm rolling and a final annealing process. Y addition greatly weakened the γ -fiber (⟨111⟩//ND) texture and enhanced the {001} [...] Read more.

4.5 wt% Si steel sheets with four different yttrium (Y) contents (0, 0.006, 0.012 and 0.016 wt%) were fabricated by hot rolling, normalizing, warm rolling and a final annealing process. Y addition greatly weakened the γ -fiber (⟨111⟩//ND) texture and enhanced the {001} ⟨130⟩ and {114} ⟨481⟩ texture components, and the magnetic properties were improved related to the effects of Y on the recrystallized grain nucleation. Y segregation at the grain boundaries inhibited the nucleation of {111} oriented grains at grain boundaries, which was beneficial to the nucleation and growth of other oriented grains elsewhere. At the same rolling reduction, Y₂O₂S inclusion caused more stress concentration than Al₂O₃ inclusion. Y₂O₂S in deformed grains with low energy storage provided more preferential nucleation sites for {001} ⟨130⟩ and {114} ⟨481⟩ grains. Strong {001} ⟨130⟩ and {114} ⟨481⟩ recrystallization textures due to the high mobility were obtained in samples containing 0.012 wt% Y. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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13 pages, 4808 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Rolling Treatment on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Properties of WE43 Alloy

by Bo Deng, Yilong Dai, Jianguo Lin and Dechuang Zhang

Materials 2022, 15(11), 3985; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113985 - 03 Jun 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1784

Abstract

Magnesium alloys show broad application prospects as biodegradable implanting materials due to their good biocompatibility, mechanical compatibility, and degradability. However, the influence mechanism of microstructure evolution during forming on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy process is not clear. [...] Read more.

Magnesium alloys show broad application prospects as biodegradable implanting materials due to their good biocompatibility, mechanical compatibility, and degradability. However, the influence mechanism of microstructure evolution during forming on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy process is not clear. Here, the effects of rolling deformation, such as cold rolling, warm rolling, and hot rolling, on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the WE43 magnesium alloy were systematically studied. After rolling treatment, the grains of the alloy were significantly refined. Moreover, the crystal plane texture strength and basal plane density decreased first and then increased with the increase in rolling temperature. Compared with the as-cast alloy, the strength of the alloy after rolling was significantly improved. Among them, the warm-rolled alloy exhibited the best mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 346.7 MPa and an elongation of 8.9%. The electrochemical experiments and immersion test showed that the hot working process can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the WE43 alloy. The hot-rolled alloy had the best corrosion resistance, and its corrosion resistance rate was 0.1556 ± 0.18 mm/year. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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23 pages, 8394 KiB

Open AccessReview

Selective Laser Melted Magnesium Alloys: Fabrication, Microstructure and Property

by Yun Zhou, Kai Zhang, Yaru Liang, Jun Cheng and Yilong Dai

Materials 2022, 15(20), 7049; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207049 - 11 Oct 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2029

Abstract

As the lightest metal structural material, magnesium and its alloys have the characteristics of low density, high specific strength and good biocompatibility, which gives magnesium alloys broad application prospects in fields of biomedicine, transportation, and aerospace. Laser selective melting technology has the advantages [...] Read more.

As the lightest metal structural material, magnesium and its alloys have the characteristics of low density, high specific strength and good biocompatibility, which gives magnesium alloys broad application prospects in fields of biomedicine, transportation, and aerospace. Laser selective melting technology has the advantages of manufacturing complex structural parts, high precision and high degree of freedom. However, due to some disadvantages of magnesium alloy, such as low boiling point and high vapor pressure, the application of it in laser selective melting was relatively undeveloped compared with other alloys. In this paper, the fabrication, microstructure, mechanical performance and corrosion resistance property of magnesium alloys were summarized, and the potential applications and the development direction of selective laser melting magnesium alloys in the future are prospected. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials Design and Manufacturing Technologies of Nonferrous Metals)

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