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Additive Manufacturing of Composites, Volume II

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 6320

Special Issue Editors

Department of Intelligent Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research IPPT, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: additive manufacturing; 3D printing; fiber reinforced composite; polymer matrix composite; ceramic matrix composite; metal matrix composite
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Universita' di Padova, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: additive manufacturing of ceramics; preceramic polymers; geopolymers; cellular ceramics; porous ceramics; ceramics and glasses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, there is an increasing demand for high performance/fiber-reinforced composite/materials for structural applications in key industry sectors (e.g., aerospace, military, automotive and motorsport, robotics, medical). The common feature of these applications is the lightweight design strategy which provides reduced structural weight while preserving high mechanical performance, less fuel consumption directly related to less carbon emission, and increased design flexibility compared to traditional isotropic materials. The concept especially applies to fiber reinforced polymer, ceramic, and metallic matrices for structural application under severe loading conditions.

At the same time, digital additive manufacturing (AM, commonly referred to as 3D printing) has emerged as a relatively new and booming concept, a manufacturing method of extreme interest for further development and innovation due to its potential to bring complete modification of the production chain: no need for complex tooling and reduced need for auxiliary manufacturing systems which translates into fewer associated costs, more efficient use of resources and positive environment impact, adaption to low production rates at competitive costs, possibility to produce parts of high geometrical complexity and complex assemblies with fewer parts and fewer joining elements, flexibility to rapidly apply design changes thus meeting the needs of a more and more dynamic market, almost zero manufacturing waste, and advanced human–machine interaction in a compact and predominantly computer controlled environment for integrated design and manufacturing.

The scope of this Special Issue is to present the latest developments in the field of 3D printing of fiber reinforced composites. Topics addressed include new additive manufacturing technologies covering various families of material extrusion, material lamination, binder jetting, selective curing/sintering, etc., especially designed for the processing of fiber-reinforced composites. New composite systems based on polymeric (both thermoplastic and thermoset), ceramic (oxide and non-oxide) or metallic matrices, containing either short or continuous fiber reinforcement, are also covered.

Dr. Adi Adumitroaie
Prof. Dr. Paolo Colombo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • additive manufacturing
  • 3D printing
  • fiber-reinforced composite
  • polymer matrix composite
  • ceramic matrix composite
  • metal matrix composite
  • non-fiber reinforced composites

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5067 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Cu–Al–Ni Shape Memory Alloys Locally Reinforced by Alumina through the Powder Bed Fusion Process
by Daniyal Abolhasani, Ha-Neul Kwon, Yong-Han Park and Young-Hoon Moon
Materials 2023, 16(11), 3936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113936 - 24 May 2023
Viewed by 872
Abstract
A classical problem with Cu-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) is brittle fracture at triple junctions. This alloy possesses a martensite structure at room temperature and usually comprises elongated variants. Previous studies have shown that introducing reinforcement into the matrix can refine grains and [...] Read more.
A classical problem with Cu-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) is brittle fracture at triple junctions. This alloy possesses a martensite structure at room temperature and usually comprises elongated variants. Previous studies have shown that introducing reinforcement into the matrix can refine grains and break martensite variants. Grain refinement diminishes brittle fracture at triple junctions, whereas breaking the martensite variants can negatively affect the shape memory effect (SME), owing to martensite stabilization. Furthermore, the additive element may coarsen the grains under certain circumstances if the material has a lower thermal conductivity than the matrix, even when a small amount is distributed in the composite. Powder bed fusion is a favorable approach that allows the creation of intricate structures. In this study, Cu–Al–Ni SMA samples were locally reinforced with alumina (Al2O3), which has excellent biocompatibility and inherent hardness. The reinforcement layer was composed of 0.3 and 0.9 wt% Al2O3 mixed with a Cu–Al–Ni matrix, deposited around the neutral plane within the built parts. Two different thicknesses of the deposited layers were investigated, revealing that the failure mode during compression was strongly influenced by the thickness and reinforcement content. The optimized failure mode led to an increase in fracture strain, and therefore, a better SME of the sample, which was locally reinforced by 0.3 wt% alumina under a thicker reinforcement layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing of Composites, Volume II)
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17 pages, 10147 KiB  
Article
Design and Additive Manufacturing of a Passive Ankle–Foot Orthosis Incorporating Material Characterization for Fiber-Reinforced PETG-CF15
by Patrick Steck, David Scherb, Christian Witzgall, Jörg Miehling and Sandro Wartzack
Materials 2023, 16(9), 3503; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093503 - 02 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2006
Abstract
The individualization of patient-specific ankle joint orthoses is becoming increasingly important and can be ideally realized by means of additive manufacturing. However, currently, there are no functional additively manufactured fiber-reinforced products that are used in the field of orthopedic treatment. In this paper, [...] Read more.
The individualization of patient-specific ankle joint orthoses is becoming increasingly important and can be ideally realized by means of additive manufacturing. However, currently, there are no functional additively manufactured fiber-reinforced products that are used in the field of orthopedic treatment. In this paper, an approach as to how additively manufactured orthopedic products can be designed and produced quickly and flexibly in the future is presented. This is demonstrated using the example of a solid ankle–foot orthosis. For this purpose, test results on PETG-CF15, which were determined in a previous work, were integrated into a material map for an FEA simulation. Therewith, the question can be answered as to whether production parameters that were determined at the test specimen level can also be adapted to real, usable components. Furthermore, gait recordings were used as loading conditions to obtain exact results for the final product. In order to perfectly adapt the design of the splint to the user, a 3D scan of a foot was performed to obtain a perfect design space for topology optimization. This resulted in a patient-specific and stiffness-optimized product. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that the orthosis could be manufactured using fused layer modelling. Finally, a comparison between the conventional design and the consideration of AM-specific properties was made. On this basis, it can be stated that the wearing comfort of the patient-specific design is very good, but the tightening of the splint still needs to be improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing of Composites, Volume II)
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11 pages, 4074 KiB  
Article
Optimization of the Winding Layer Structure of High-Pressure Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels
by Chengrui Di, Bo Zhu, Xiangji Guo, Junwei Yu, Yanbin Zhao and Kun Qiao
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2713; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072713 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1273
Abstract
The large thickness COPV is designed by netting theory and the finite element simulation method, but the actual performance is low and the cylinder performance still cannot be improved after increasing the thickness of the composite winding layer. This paper analyzes the reasons [...] Read more.
The large thickness COPV is designed by netting theory and the finite element simulation method, but the actual performance is low and the cylinder performance still cannot be improved after increasing the thickness of the composite winding layer. This paper analyzes the reasons for this and puts forward a feasible solution: without changing the thickness of the winding layer, the performance of COPV can be effectively increased by increasing the proportion of annular winding fiber. This method has been verified by tests and is supported by theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing of Composites, Volume II)
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12 pages, 55221 KiB  
Article
SiC Nanoparticles Strengthened Alumina Ceramics Prepared by Extrusion Printing
by Jian Wu, Hai Zheng, Mingliang Tang, Zhuqing Yu and Zhigang Pan
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2483; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062483 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1365
Abstract
Extrusion-free-form printing of alumina ceramics has the advantages of low cost, short cycle time, and high customization. However, some problems exist, such as the low solid content of ceramic paste and the unsatisfactory mechanical properties of pure alumina ceramics. In this study, SiC [...] Read more.
Extrusion-free-form printing of alumina ceramics has the advantages of low cost, short cycle time, and high customization. However, some problems exist, such as the low solid content of ceramic paste and the unsatisfactory mechanical properties of pure alumina ceramics. In this study, SiC nanoparticles were used as a reinforcement phase added to the alumina ceramic matrix. Methylcellulose is used as the binder in the raw material system. Ammonium polyacrylate is used as a dispersant to change the rheological properties of the slurry and increase the solid content of ceramics. SiC nanoparticle-strengthened alumina ceramics were successfully prepared by the extrusion process. The relative settling height and viscosity of ceramic slurries were characterized. The sintering shrinkage of composite ceramics was tested. The flexural strength, fracture toughness, and hardness of the ceramics were characterized. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms of the composite ceramics were further explained by microscopic morphology analysis. Experimental results show that when the content of the dispersant is 1 wt.%, the rheological properties of the slurry are the best. Maximum measured bending strength (227 MPa) and fracture toughness (5.35 MPa·m1/2) were reached by adding 8 wt% SiC nanoparticles; compared with pure alumina ceramics, flexural strength and fracture toughness increased by 42% and 41%, respectively. This study provides a low-cost and effective method for preparing ceramic composite parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Additive Manufacturing of Composites, Volume II)
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