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Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications
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Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2024) | Viewed by 5825

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dorina Ticoș

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: accelerator physics; experimental physics; plasma physics
Dr. Mihai Oane

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
Interests: laser processing; nuclear physics and relativity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, a real revolution took place regarding the power of the laser beam (of the order of magnitude 1021W/cm2) and the temporal length of pulses (of the order of magnitude of atto-seconds). With such tools, one can explore the world of matter in extreme conditions, accelerate elementary particles (electron and protons, with applications in oncology), and explore non-linear optics, wave shock phenomena, and other issues at the frontiers between fundamental and applied physics. In applied physics, we can underline the study and production of nano- and micro-materials, photo-chemistry with lasers, and 1D, 2D, and 3D laser processing using robotic devices. There are also applications in spectroscopy (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy), laser metrology, and biomedical applications.

On the other hand, another goal of the present Special Issue is to review some of the main achievements in plasma physics in the last five decades from laboratory to space and astrophysical plasmas and to discuss future developments.

Paper concerning fundamental physical aspects of fluid and plasma turbulence, of magnetic field line reconnection, of shock wave dynamics, and of kinetics, especially concerning dusty plasma and nonlinear plasma phenomena, that highlight new results and novel approaches are of great interest for our Special Issue.          

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Dorina Ticoș
Dr. Mihai Oane
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high and ultra-high laser intensity facilities
  • ultrafast laser phenomena
  • laser applications
  • the laser plasma
  • plasma dynamics
  • complex plasma
  • fluid and plasma turbulence
  • astrophysical and gravitational plasmas
  • space and laboratory plasmas

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4186 KiB  
Article
On the Thermal Behavior during Spatial Anisotropic Femtoseconds Laser-DNA Interaction: The Crucial Role of Hermite Polynomials
by Mihai Oane, Cristian Nicolae Mihailescu and Alexandra Maria Isabel Trefilov
Materials 2023, 16(9), 3334; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16093334 - 24 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1064
Abstract
A novel analytical formalism based on the quantum heat transport equation is proposed for the interaction of fs-laser pulses with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands. The formalism has the intensity of the laser beam and the interaction time between the laser and the DNA [...] Read more.
A novel analytical formalism based on the quantum heat transport equation is proposed for the interaction of fs-laser pulses with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands. The formalism has the intensity of the laser beam and the interaction time between the laser and the DNA as input parameters. To this end, the thermal distribution generated in the irradiated DNA strands was introduced by splitting the laser beam into transverse Hermite-Gauss modes. To achieve this goal, a new powerful mathematical model was developed and applied. Fluctuations in laser intensity were taken into account by modeling them as superpositions of Hermite-Gauss laser modes. These analyses were carried out for a laser pulse duration of 100 fs, where a tiny heat-affected zone is expected, with positive predicted effects on the stability and repeatability of this technology. The main conclusion is that the laser beam spatial distribution intensity plays an essential role in the generation of the shape and magnitude of the thermal field at the junction of the irradiated DNA strands. The model may prove useful in modeling laser beam processing under significant intensity fluctuations. There are at least two main areas of application for the present model of heat transfer from laser to DNA: (i) the study of DNA elongation without destroying the target information (for a sample temperature variation lower than 10 K; in the case of H[1,y]); and (ii) cancer treatment (especially of skin tissue), where we should obtain a temperature variation higher than 10 K (but lower than 30 K; in the case of H[2,y], H[4,y]), in order to eradicate the diseased cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications)
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Review

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30 pages, 862 KiB  
Review
Applications of Plasma Technologies in Recycling Processes
by Reinosuke Kusano and Yukihiro Kusano
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071687 - 07 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1233
Abstract
Plasmas are reactive ionised gases, which enable the creation of unique reaction fields. This allows plasmas to be widely used for a variety of chemical processes for materials, recycling among others. Because of the increase in urgency to find more sustainable methods of [...] Read more.
Plasmas are reactive ionised gases, which enable the creation of unique reaction fields. This allows plasmas to be widely used for a variety of chemical processes for materials, recycling among others. Because of the increase in urgency to find more sustainable methods of waste management, plasmas have been enthusiastically applied to recycling processes. This review presents recent developments of plasma technologies for recycling linked to economical models of circular economy and waste management hierarchies, exemplifying the thermal decomposition of organic components or substances, the recovery of inorganic materials like metals, the treatment of paper, wind turbine waste, and electronic waste. It is discovered that thermal plasmas are most applicable to thermal processes, whereas nonthermal plasmas are often applied in different contexts which utilise their chemical selectivity. Most applications of plasmas in recycling are successful, but there is room for advancements in applications. Additionally, further perspectives are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications)
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25 pages, 8619 KiB  
Review
Hybrid Plasmas for Materials Processing
by Reinosuke Kusano and Yukihiro Kusano
Materials 2023, 16(11), 4013; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16114013 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1140
Abstract
Hybrid plasmas have been reported in various areas of research over the last 40 years. However, a general overview of hybrid plasmas has never been presented or reported. In the present work, a survey of the literature and patents is carried out to [...] Read more.
Hybrid plasmas have been reported in various areas of research over the last 40 years. However, a general overview of hybrid plasmas has never been presented or reported. In the present work, a survey of the literature and patents is carried out to provide the reader with a broad view of hybrid plasmas. The term refers to several different configurations of plasmas, including but not limited to: plasmas driven by several power sources simultaneously or sequentially, plasmas that have the properties of both thermal and nonthermal plasmas, plasmas that are enhanced by additional energy, and plasmas that are operated in a unique medium. In addition, a way of evaluating hybrid plasmas in terms of the improvement of processes is discussed, as well as the negative impacts that follow the employment of hybrid plasmas. Regardless of what the hybrid plasma in question is composed of, it often poses a unique advantage to its nonhybrid counterpart, whether it be used for welding, surface treatment, materials synthesis, coating deposition, gas phase reactions, or medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications)
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25 pages, 4830 KiB  
Review
Semiconductor Characterization by Terahertz Excitation Spectroscopy
by Arūnas Krotkus, Ignas Nevinskas and Ričardas Norkus
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2859; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072859 - 03 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1896
Abstract
Surfaces of semiconducting materials excited by femtosecond laser pulses emit electromagnetic waves in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, which by definition is the 0.1–10 THz region. The nature of terahertz radiation pulses is, in the majority of cases, explained by the appearance of [...] Read more.
Surfaces of semiconducting materials excited by femtosecond laser pulses emit electromagnetic waves in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, which by definition is the 0.1–10 THz region. The nature of terahertz radiation pulses is, in the majority of cases, explained by the appearance of ultrafast photocurrents. THz pulse duration is comparable with the photocarrier momentum relaxation time, thus such hot-carrier effects as the velocity overshoot, ballistic carrier motion, and optical carrier alignment must be taken into consideration when explaining experimental observations of terahertz emission. Novel commercially available tools such as optical parametric amplifiers that are capable of generating femtosecond optical pulses within a wide spectral range allow performing new unique experiments. By exciting semiconductor surfaces with various photon energies, it is possible to look into the ultrafast processes taking place at different electron energy levels of the investigated materials. The experimental technique known as the THz excitation spectroscopy (TES) can be used as a contactless method to study the band structure and investigate the ultrafast processes of various technologically important materials. A recent decade of investigations with the THz excitation spectroscopy method is reviewed in this article. TES experiments performed on the common bulk A3B5 compounds such as the wide-gap GaAs, and narrow-gap InAs and InSb, as well as Ge, Te, GaSe and other bulk semiconductors are reviewed. Finally, the results obtained by this non-contact technique on low-dimensional materials such as ultrathin mono-elemental Bi films, InAs, InGaAs, and GaAs nanowires are also presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser and Plasma Technologies in Materials Science: Physics and Applications)
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