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Utilization of Mineral Materials and Metal Leaching/Extraction
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Utilization of Mineral Materials and Metal Leaching/Extraction

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 4082

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vladimir Ivanovich Golik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. North Caucasian Mining and Metallurgical Institute, 44 Nikolaeva St., Vladikavkaz 362021, Russia
2. Moscow Polytechnic University, 38b Semenovskaya St., Moscow 107023, Russia
Interests: mineral materials; metals extraction; leaching; metallurgy
Dr. Roman V. Klyuev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Moscow Polytechnic University, 38 B. Semenovskaya Str., Moscow 107023, Russia
Interests: metals extraction; renewable energy; quality of electrical energy; reliability of power supply; relay protection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nikita Martyushev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Advanced Technologies, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
Interests: mathematical modeling; solving applied problems by mathematical methods; differential calculus; energy conversion; electric vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is devoted to the methods and technologies of mining by leaching.

In the context of reducing the cost of exploration of new deposits within the global crisis, increasing the efficiency of mining at already-discovered deposits becomes extremely urgent. Mining efficiency can be improved by involving substandard ores in the production as part of a combination of traditional technology and leaching technology. The advantage of the combined technology is that, at equal costs, more metal is extracted from the subsoil due to the development of off-balance reserves, low-grade ores, and processing tailings.

The development of physical and chemical technologies makes it possible to bring into operation deposits that are not suitable for traditional methods, increase operating reserves at newly designed facilities, reduce the time for their development, reduce the amount of capital investment, and reduce the cost of production and the share of labor-intensive and expensive technologies.

In this Special Issue, we aim to highlight the most pressing technical and technological challenges in using leaching technologies. Significant attention will be paid to the creation of new, combined, environmentally friendly and efficient technologies and their combinations with traditional mining methods. We will try to pay considerable attention to new methods that will ensure an increase in the extraction rate of minerals, provide significant savings in material resources, and reduce the environmental impact on the environment.

This issue will also present a comparative analysis of existing technologies for leaching mining and present new developments in this area.

Topics of interest for publication in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • underground leaching;
  • heap leaching;
  • leaching with disintegrators;
  • combined mining technologies;
  • methods of development of off-balance ore reserves;
  • physico-chemical technologies for the study of ore deposits;
  • environmentally friendly ore-mining technologies;
  • methods to ensure an increase in the recovery factor of minerals.

Prof. Dr. Vladimir Ivanovich Golik
Dr. Roman V. Klyuev
Dr. Nikita Martyushev
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • underground and heap leaching
  • minerals
  • place of birth
  • mining of ores
  • off-balance sheet reserves
  • environmentally friendly technologies
  • combined technologies leaching with disintegrators

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2869 KiB  
Article
Reuse and Mechanochemical Processing of Ore Dressing Tailings Used for Extracting Pb and Zn
by Vladimir I. Golik, Roman V. Klyuev, Nikita V. Martyushev, Viktor V. Kondratiev, Vadim S. Tynchenko, Vitaliy A. Gladkikh, Liudmila V. Iushkova and Vladimir Brigida
Materials 2023, 16(21), 7004; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16217004 - 01 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 930
Abstract
The increasing accumulation of rock waste obtained due to ore processing and its environmental impacts, such as acid mine drainage and elevated concentrations of heavy metals in soils, necessitates the transformation of mining technologies based on the concept of circular waste management. The [...] Read more.
The increasing accumulation of rock waste obtained due to ore processing and its environmental impacts, such as acid mine drainage and elevated concentrations of heavy metals in soils, necessitates the transformation of mining technologies based on the concept of circular waste management. The research is aimed at improving the parameters of the mechanical activation effect produced on technogenic georesources, as well as at expanding the application scope of disintegrators in the field of using the partial backfill of the mined-out space when developing stratified deposits. In this regard, the research purpose was to substantiate the parameters of extracting metals from enrichment tailings using their mechanochemical activation to ensure cyclic waste management. The research involved the application of three-dimensional interpolation methods used for processing the data and the graphical representation. As a result, the following was found to be characteristic of the waste of the Sadonsky mine management. The degree of extracting zinc from pre-activated tailings increases logarithmically when the H2SO4 concentration and the NaCl proportion decrease 3.5 times. The degree of extracting lead from the activated tailings increases according to the Fourier law when decreasing the NaCl mass concentration, and an optimal range of the H2SO4 (0.38–0.51%) proportion decreases six times. One of the key results of the research is the justification of expanding the scope of applying disintegrators in the case of a directed activation influence exerted on the components of the stowing strips. The obtained results expand the understanding of the mechanism of the influence of the mechanochemical activation of dry tailings on the reactivity unevenness when extracting several metals from them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Utilization of Mineral Materials and Metal Leaching/Extraction)
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12 pages, 4257 KiB  
Article
Microbubble Oxidation for Fe2+ Removal from Hydrochloric Acid Laterite Ore Leachate
by Ziyang Xu, Yu Wang, Boyuan Zhu, Guangye Wei, Fei Ma, Zhihui Yu and Jingkui Qu
Materials 2023, 16(21), 6951; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216951 - 30 Oct 2023
Viewed by 747
Abstract
After the atmospheric hydrochloric acid leaching method is used to treat laterite ore and initially purify it, the extract that results often contains a significant amount of Fe2+ impurities. A novel metallurgical process has been proposed that utilizes microbubble aeration to oxidize [...] Read more.
After the atmospheric hydrochloric acid leaching method is used to treat laterite ore and initially purify it, the extract that results often contains a significant amount of Fe2+ impurities. A novel metallurgical process has been proposed that utilizes microbubble aeration to oxidize Fe2+ ions in laterite hydrochloric acid lixivium, facilitating subsequent separation and capitalizing on the benefits of microbubble technology, including its expansive specific surface area, negatively charged surface attributes, prolonged stagnation duration, and its capacity to produce active oxygen. The study examined the impacts of aeration aperture, stirring speed, oxygen flow rate, pH value, and reaction temperature. Under optimized experimental conditions, which included an aeration aperture of 0.45 µm, stirring at 500 rpm, a bubbling flow rate of 0.4 L/min, pH level maintained at 3.5, and a temperature range of 75–85 °C, the oxidation efficiency of Fe2+ surpassed 99%. An analysis of the mass transfer process revealed that microbubble aeration markedly enhances the oxygen mass transfer coefficient, measured at 0.051 s−1. The study also confirmed the self-catalytic properties of Fe2+ oxidation and conducted kinetic studies to determine an apparent activation energy of 399 kJ/mol. At pH values below 3.5, the reaction is solely governed by chemical reactions; however, at higher pH values (>3.5), both chemical reactions and oxygen dissolution jointly control the reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Utilization of Mineral Materials and Metal Leaching/Extraction)
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15 pages, 2707 KiB  
Article
Tailings Utilization and Zinc Extraction Based on Mechanochemical Activation
by Vladimir I. Golik, Roman V. Klyuev, Nikita V. Martyushev, Vladimir Brigida, Egor A. Efremenkov, Svetlana N. Sorokova and Qi Mengxu
Materials 2023, 16(2), 726; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020726 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 1911
Abstract
The significant containment of the global mining industry is caused by the problem of the transition to sustainable metal extraction and the integrated use of technogenic raw materials from the tailings of ore processing. The modeling of metal leaching processes using mechanical activation [...] Read more.
The significant containment of the global mining industry is caused by the problem of the transition to sustainable metal extraction and the integrated use of technogenic raw materials from the tailings of ore processing. The modeling of metal leaching processes using mechanical activation of polymetallic raw material components is particularly important in expanding the application of mining tailings as inert fillers of filling mixtures. This study is aimed at detecting the rotor speed factor on the chemical and mechanochemical effect of zinc yield growth from polymetallic tailings of the mining industry. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to improve the modeling of metal leaching processes using mechanical activation by improving the compositions of the filling mixtures. The methodology of the work included several comprehensive studies: the mechanical activation of tailings during zinc leaching from pulp in the DESI-11 disintegrator; the activation of enrichment tailings and the formation of a filling mass with different parameters of the component composition; the curing of cubic samples and their testing on the IP-1250 press. The Vi Improved text editor was used to prepare the algorithms for deterministic methods of three-dimensional interpolation in the Python language. The experimental results were graphically displayed using Gnuplot. The study of the agitation leaching of the waste obtained from the Sadonskiy mining district results in the fact that the NaCl mass concentration decreased from 13 to 1% and the H2SO4 concentration stabilization within 0.5 to 0.6% led to a 3-time increase in the zinc yield from the pulp, according to the polynomial law (from 28 to 91%). The obtained results expand the idea of the mechanism of the strength gain by the filling mass under mechanical activation on the components of the filling mixture, as well as changes in the efficiency of zinc leaching at different ratios of two types of lixiviants (sulphuric acid and sodium chloride) in the leaching solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Utilization of Mineral Materials and Metal Leaching/Extraction)
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