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Machines
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Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems
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Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Machines Testing and Maintenance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 25853

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yawen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
Interests: gear noise/vibration; structural dynamics; vibro-acoustics; active noise and vibration control, automotive NVH (noise, vibration & harshness); electro-mechanical system dynamics; data-driven condition monitoring and prognostics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zaigang Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
Interests: gear noise/vibration; bearing noise/vibration; railway vehicle dynamics; electro-mechanical system dynamics; mechanical fault diagnosis and prognostics
Dr. Fei Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Interests: finite element algorithm optimization; vibration energy recovery; acoustic Metamaterial; structural vibration and noise control methods
Dr. Dong Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
Interests: gear noise/vibration; automotive NVH (noise, vibration & harshness); electro-mechanical system dynamics; acoustic and vibration testing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Noise and vibration are common problems in dynamic systems. The control strategy of noise and vibration varies by application, regulation and feasibility, and has been a prevalent topic for researchers and engineers. Vibration can be harmful to mechanical structures, reducing their efficiency and fatigue life, and degrading their safety and reliability. Vibration-induced noise can cause discomfort and annoyance, and decrease the perceived value of products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods and techniques to control the noise and vibration through simulation modeling and testing analysis. This Special Issue aims to present recent advances and technologies in the field of vibration and noise control in dynamic systems, including machine tools, robots, rotary machines, wind turbines, HVAC systems, vehicles and aircrafts. Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Active vibration/noise control;
  • Aerodynamic noise and aircraft interior noise;
  • Dynamic analysis and vibration control of mechanical structures;
  • Shock absorber and vibration isolation;
  • Sound absorbing materials and structures;
  • Vehicle NVH (noise, vibration and harshness);
  • Vibration and fault diagnosis of wind turbine.

Dr. Yawen Wang
Prof. Dr. Zaigang Chen
Dr. Fei Wu
Dr. Dong Guo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • noise
  • vibration
  • control
  • dynamics
  • vibro-acoustics

Published Papers (15 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5459 KiB  
Article
Vibration Resonance Spectrometry (VRS) for the Advanced Streaming Detection of Rotor Unbalance
by Matthew T. Gerdes, Yawen Wang, Xinqi Wei, Guang C. Wang, Ruixian Liu and Kenny C. Gross
Machines 2023, 11(6), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11060639 - 09 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1125
Abstract
Determination of the diagnosis thresholds is crucial for the fault diagnosis of industry assets. Rotor machines under different working conditions are especially challenging because of the dynamic torque and speed. In this paper, an advanced machine learning based signal-processing innovation termed the multivariate [...] Read more.
Determination of the diagnosis thresholds is crucial for the fault diagnosis of industry assets. Rotor machines under different working conditions are especially challenging because of the dynamic torque and speed. In this paper, an advanced machine learning based signal-processing innovation termed the multivariate state estimation technique is proposed to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis thresholds. A novel preprocessing technique called vibration resonance spectrometry is also applied to achieve a low computation cost capability for real-time condition monitoring. The monitoring system that utilizes the above methods is then applied for prognostics of a fan model as an example. Different levels of radial unbalance were added on the fan and tested, and then compared with the health state. The results show that the proposed methodology can detect the unbalance with a good accuracy and low computation cost. The proposed methodology can be applied for complex engineering assets for better predictive monitoring that could be processed with on-premise edge devices, or eventually a cloud platform due to its capacity for loss-less dimension reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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21 pages, 5881 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of an RV Reducer Considering Tooth Profile Modifications and Errors
by Xuan Li, Jiaqing Huang, Chuancang Ding, Ran Guo and Weilong Niu
Machines 2023, 11(6), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11060626 - 05 Jun 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2108
Abstract
Due to their advantages of compact size, high reduction ratio, large stiffness and high load capacity, RV reducers have been widely used in industrial robots. The dynamic characteristics of RV reducers in terms of vibratory response and dynamic transmission error have a significant [...] Read more.
Due to their advantages of compact size, high reduction ratio, large stiffness and high load capacity, RV reducers have been widely used in industrial robots. The dynamic characteristics of RV reducers in terms of vibratory response and dynamic transmission error have a significant influence on positioning accuracy and service life. However, the current dynamic studies on RV reducers are not extensive and require deeper study. To bridge this gap, a more effective and realistic lumped parameter dynamic model for RV reducers is developed, considering the tooth profile modification of cycloid gears and system errors. Firstly, for an efficient solution, the equivalent pressure angle and equivalent mesh stiffness of the cycloid–pin gear pair are introduced in the dynamic model based on the loaded tooth contact analysis. Secondly, the differential equations of the system are derived by analyzing the relative displacement relationships between each component, which are solved using the Runge–Kutta method. With this, the effects of errors such as machining errors, assembly errors and bearing clearances on the dynamic behaviors and transmission precision are investigated by comparison to quantify or qualify their influence. This research is helpful in characterizing the multi-tooth mesh and dynamic behavior, and revealing the underlying physics of the RV reducer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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33 pages, 12694 KiB  
Article
Enriched Finite Element Method Based on Interpolation Covers for Structural Dynamics Analysis
by Qiyuan Gu, Hongju Han, Guo Zhou, Fei Wu, Zegang Ju, Man Hu, Daliang Chen and Yaodong Hao
Machines 2023, 11(6), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11060587 - 24 May 2023
Viewed by 1085
Abstract
This work proposes a novel enriched finite element method (E-FEM) for structural dynamics analysis. We developed the enriched 3-node triangular and 4-node tetrahedral displacement-based elements (T-elements). The standard linear shape functions of these T-elements were enriched using interpolation cover functions over each patch [...] Read more.
This work proposes a novel enriched finite element method (E-FEM) for structural dynamics analysis. We developed the enriched 3-node triangular and 4-node tetrahedral displacement-based elements (T-elements). The standard linear shape functions of these T-elements were enriched using interpolation cover functions over each patch of elements. We also introduced and compared different orders of cover functions; higher-order functions obtained higher computational performance. Subsequently, the forced and free vibration analyses were performed on various typical numerical examples. The proposed enriched finite element method generated more precise numerical results and ensured faster convergence than the original linear elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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25 pages, 10110 KiB  
Article
Frame Angular Velocity Control Design of SGCMG for Unmanned Two-Wheeled Motorcycle
by Bao Chen, Xiang Fei, Yiming Fan, Yuanhong Dan and Zehao Huang
Machines 2023, 11(3), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11030371 - 09 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1251
Abstract
In contrast to driverless cars and other three-wheeled and four-wheeled motorcycle vehicles, driverless two-wheeled motorcycles have the problem of maintaining balance. In this paper, we propose the design of an SGCMG frame angular velocity controller to realize the balance control of the motorcycle [...] Read more.
In contrast to driverless cars and other three-wheeled and four-wheeled motorcycle vehicles, driverless two-wheeled motorcycles have the problem of maintaining balance. In this paper, we propose the design of an SGCMG frame angular velocity controller to realize the balance control of the motorcycle under static and dynamic working conditions. Meanwhile, since the roll angular acceleration of the actual body movement of the cross roll cannot be obtained directly, this paper proposes a Kalman filtering method based on the nonlinear dynamics model of the motorcycle to obtain a reliable angular acceleration signal. First, we modeled the dynamics of the motorcycle by analyzing the various types of moments generated by the motorcycle equipped with the SGCMG under static and dynamic conditions; Then, the design of the angular velocity control of the SGCMG frame was carried out with the feedback and through MATLAB/Simulink simulation to restore various types of actual working conditions to verify the controller has good robustness; Finally, we have completed the test of the controller using the above filtering method on the real vehicle with an embedded system and compared the effect with other controllers, obtained the results that the body is stable and balanced under static conditions and the applied load can automatically find a new balance point, so as to prove the effectiveness of the designed control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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20 pages, 6930 KiB  
Article
Multi-Objective Optimization of Magnetorheological Mount Considering Optimal Damping Force and Maximum Adjustable Coefficient
by Jianghua Fu, Chao Huang, Ruizhi Shu, Xing-Quan Li, Ming Chen, Zheming Chen and Bao Chen
Machines 2023, 11(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11010060 - 04 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1243
Abstract
To address the problem of multiple working conditions and complex requirements in magnetorheological fluid (MRF) mounts, a high-precision damping characteristic optimization method is explored. Based on the parallel plate model, the equation of fluid motion in the inertial channel was established according to [...] Read more.
To address the problem of multiple working conditions and complex requirements in magnetorheological fluid (MRF) mounts, a high-precision damping characteristic optimization method is explored. Based on the parallel plate model, the equation of fluid motion in the inertial channel was established according to the Navier–Stokes equation, and the MRF mount damping characteristics were analyzed. Considering the fluid model to be suitable in the steady-state, the model was experimentally verified, and the extended equation was fitted. Multi-objective optimization design was carried out by considering the large damping force and adjustable coefficient as the optimization goal and external geometric dimensions as variables. According to results, under the radial-channel MRF mount structure, the magnet core depth has the least influence on the damping force; furthermore, the damping performance can be quickly improved by changing the height of the inertial channel. The addition of the extended equations further improved the accuracy of the fluid model. The multi-objective optimization design can improve the strength and uniformity of the flux density of the MRF mount damping gap. After optimization, the damping force is increased by 44.64%; moreover, when the current is increased from 1.5 to 1.8 A, the controllable force increases by only 2.26%, and the damping performance is fully exerted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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21 pages, 68460 KiB  
Article
Optimization Study on the Comfort of Human-Seat Coupling System in the Cab of Construction Machinery
by Lei Cheng, Hansheng Wen, Xiangyu Ni, Chao Zhuang, Wenjian Zhang and Haibo Huang
Machines 2023, 11(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11010030 - 27 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1605
Abstract
The seat of a construction machinery cab is used as the research object. For the current human-seat coupling system comfort research methods and optimization index deficiencies, the seat body pressure comfort and vibration comfort at the same time optimized. Based on the more [...] Read more.
The seat of a construction machinery cab is used as the research object. For the current human-seat coupling system comfort research methods and optimization index deficiencies, the seat body pressure comfort and vibration comfort at the same time optimized. Based on the more specialized Toyota 50 percentile dummy model, a human-seat finite element simulation model is established, and the body pressure distribution and vibration response are simulated and calculated. The transverse and longitudinal pressure distributions of the backrest and seat cushion and the pressure map are used to verify the simulation model’s body pressure comfort evaluation indexes. At the same time, the vibration response test is used to verify the vibration comfort evaluation indexes of the simulation model. The test results show that the accuracy of each evaluation index of the established coupling model is greater than 85%, which can provide model support for the subsequent optimization work. In order to improve the comfort of the seat of construction machinery during operation, the hardness of the upper sponge and lower layer sponge is reduced and increased by 10% and 15%, respectively, on the original seat. The body pressure comfort evaluation indexes of the ischium peak pressure, ischium mean pressure, thigh peak pressure and thigh mean pressure are used to evaluate the improved seat. The proposed optimization scheme is to reduce the hardness of the upper sponge and lower layer sponge of the seat cushion by 10% to improve the seat body pressure comfort. Finally, the evaluation indexes of body pressure comfort and vibration comfort are verified by four subjects in an improved seat, and the cushion pressure of different subjects is reduced while the vibration isolation rate is increased, which shows the rationality of the proposed optimization scheme. In addition, the evaluation results of the improved seat are different for subjects of different body sizes, with the most significant improvement for the subject of greater height and weight. The modeling and comfort evaluation methods adopted in the paper can provide a reference for the design and development of the seat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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31 pages, 41310 KiB  
Article
Improved Mesh Stiffness Method and Vibration Analysis of a Planetary Gear System with a Spatial Tooth Crack
by Yi Yang, Niaoqing Hu, Zhe Cheng, Jiao Hu and Lun Zhang
Machines 2022, 10(12), 1168; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10121168 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1296
Abstract
Dynamic modeling and analysis are generally regarded as effective tools to investigate the vibration characteristics and fault mechanisms of planetary gear systems with a tooth crack fault. In actual gearboxes, the tooth crack is always a three-dimensional spatial surface, but it was usually [...] Read more.
Dynamic modeling and analysis are generally regarded as effective tools to investigate the vibration characteristics and fault mechanisms of planetary gear systems with a tooth crack fault. In actual gearboxes, the tooth crack is always a three-dimensional spatial surface, but it was usually simplified as a two-dimensional domain in most previous studies. In this paper, the tooth crack is modeled as a spatial shape that propagates along the crack depth, length and height directions simultaneously. Based on the potential energy principle, an improved analytical method is proposed to calculate the time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) of a planetary gear system with a spatial tooth crack. Furthermore, a coupled translational–torsional dynamic model is established for a planetary gear system including time-varying parameters and nonlinear factors. Numerical simulations are conducted to reveal the influences of the spatial crack propagation on the TVMS and vibration responses. In addition, an experimental study is carried out on a gear transmission test rig to verify the proposed analytical method and dynamic model. The mesh stiffness calculation method of the spatial cracked tooth and corresponding analysis results in this study might provide references to detect tooth crack faults in planetary gear systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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21 pages, 5863 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Cab Vibration Comfort for Construction Machinery Based on Multi-Target Regression Forests
by Chao Zhuang, Hansheng Wen, Xiangyu Ni, Da Zhang, Yangyang Bao and Haibo Huang
Machines 2022, 10(12), 1148; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10121148 - 01 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1552
Abstract
With the increasing awareness of the importance of environmental protection and the fierce competition in the construction machinery market, improving the vibration comfort of a whole construction machine has become a new focus of competition; therefore, optimizing the performance of cab mounts has [...] Read more.
With the increasing awareness of the importance of environmental protection and the fierce competition in the construction machinery market, improving the vibration comfort of a whole construction machine has become a new focus of competition; therefore, optimizing the performance of cab mounts has become an urgent problem to be solved. At present, the problems of low modeling efficiency, serious technical difficulties, and long development cycles exist in the design and optimization of cab mounts. In this paper, a multi-target regression forests method is introduced into the design and optimization of the construction machinery installation system, which circumvents the traditional complex modeling process and establishes a mapping relationship between cab assembly parameters and the mounts’ stiffness, as well as introduces the system decoupling rate and vibration isolation rate as the boundary conditions. Furthermore, the MRFs method is compared and evaluated with MLRP and Multi-SVR prediction results. Finally, a complete, accurate, and efficient design method for the cab mount system optimization is developed, improving the decoupling rate and vibration isolation rate of the cab system. This design method can predict the stiffness of the mounts in multiple directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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16 pages, 3900 KiB  
Article
Influence of Boundary Impedance of 3D Cavity on Targeted Energy Transfer between a Damped Acoustic Mode and a Nonlinear Membrane Absorber
by Jianwang Shao, Qimeng Luo, Tao Zeng and Xian Wu
Machines 2022, 10(10), 841; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10100841 - 22 Sep 2022
Viewed by 1076
Abstract
In order to apply the nonlinear energy sink (NES) to reduce the low-frequency noise inside a 3D acoustic cavity with an impedance boundary, a two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic model of the coupled system of one damped acoustic mode of a regular 3D acoustic [...] Read more.
In order to apply the nonlinear energy sink (NES) to reduce the low-frequency noise inside a 3D acoustic cavity with an impedance boundary, a two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic model of the coupled system of one damped acoustic mode of a regular 3D acoustic cavity and a nonlinear membrane absorber as the NES is established. The damping coefficient of the acoustic mode is obtained based on the finite element analysis method and the relationship of the boundary impedance and the absorption coefficient of the cavity. Based on the set-up of the system, the damping coefficient of the acoustic mode is determined. The frequency responses and the targeted energy transfer (TET) phenomenon of the coupled system are analyzed, and the theoretical and numerical results of the frequency responses of the system are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The effects of the wall impedance of the cavity on the optimal TET are discussed. With the increase in the impedance ratio of the wall, the amplitude of the acoustic displacement plateau decreases, and the frequency bandwidth of the plateau and the two thresholds of the optimal TET interval of the excitation increase. It provides a comprehensive theoretical model and experimental basis for the application of NES in the actual complex structure and provides a reliable design method and control strategy for controlling vehicle interior low-frequency broadband noise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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18 pages, 8990 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Analysis of Gear Rattling of a Certain Type of Dual-Clutch Transmission
by Dong Guo, Qinfeng Ning, Shuaishuai Ge, Yi Zhou and Ruitian Luo
Machines 2022, 10(9), 805; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10090805 - 12 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1873
Abstract
In order to accurately explore the transmission rattling phenomenon and the influence of different factors on the dynamic characteristics of the gear rattling of the dual-clutch transmission under the condition of preselected gears, this paper establishes the gear rattling dynamics model of the [...] Read more.
In order to accurately explore the transmission rattling phenomenon and the influence of different factors on the dynamic characteristics of the gear rattling of the dual-clutch transmission under the condition of preselected gears, this paper establishes the gear rattling dynamics model of the transmission with the 1st gear without preselection and the preselected 4th gear, respectively; The model takes into account factors such as time-varying mesh stiffness, mesh damping, nonlinear oil film force, nonlinear backlash, and the drag torque generated by the clutch in the unengaged state. In addition, the feasibility of the dynamic model was verified by the bench test. On this basis, we took the gear meshing power and system power loss as quantitative indexes to analyze the influence of the preselected gear state and different parameters on the rattle vibration of the transmission. The results show that the pre-selected gear will not have a significant effect on the gears that have been rattled in the non-pre-selected state, and the torque fluctuation of the non-power flow shaft is aggravated by the influence of the transmission power flow branch and transmission ratio at different levels, which makes the overall rattling strength increase. In order to improve the transmission efficiency of the gear, the torque fluctuation of the input end of the system should be reduced as much as possible, and a larger lubricant viscosity can be appropriately selected, the inertia of the empty gear can be properly reduced, and the tooth clearance can be relaxed for selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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19 pages, 7138 KiB  
Article
Research on Unbalanced Vibration Suppression Method for Coupled Cantilever Dual-Rotor System
by Jiaqiao Lu, Xin Zhang, Xin Pan and Meng Zhang
Machines 2022, 10(9), 758; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10090758 - 01 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1614
Abstract
The cantilever dual-rotor system is a typical structure of the blade output end of the open rotor engine and the coaxial output turboshaft engine. The excessive unbalanced vibration of a coupled cantilever dual-rotor system is one of the main factors limiting the application [...] Read more.
The cantilever dual-rotor system is a typical structure of the blade output end of the open rotor engine and the coaxial output turboshaft engine. The excessive unbalanced vibration of a coupled cantilever dual-rotor system is one of the main factors limiting the application of the above engine type. In order to accurately describe the vibration coupling effect between the dual-rotor-intermediate bearings, the unbalanced response of the cantilever dual-rotor system is analyzed, and the self-sensitivity coefficient is proposed to guide the selection of measuring points and vibration suppression experiments for the dual-rotor system. On this basis, a new online automatic balance actuator applicable to this dual-rotor system is designed, and a feasibility experiment is carried out. The experimental results indicate that: (1) The self-sensitivity coefficient can be used as the basis for the actual vibration measuring point arrangement and unbalanced vibration suppression strategy of the dual-rotor system, and the proposed step-by-step vibration suppression strategy can reduce the vibration of the dual-rotor system by more than 80%. (2) The designed online automatic balance actuator can reduce the unbalanced vibration by 53% in 3.52 s. The proposed method in this study can provide guidance for the vibration suppression of the dual-rotor system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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30 pages, 9790 KiB  
Article
Integrated Impacts of Non-Ideal Factors on the Vibration Characteristics of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for Electric Vehicles
by Shuaishuai Ge, Longhui Qiu, Zhigang Zhang, Dong Guo and Honghai Ren
Machines 2022, 10(9), 739; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10090739 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1714
Abstract
The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration of the motor is a major factor that deteriorates the noise, vibration, and hardness (NVH) performance of a vehicle’s electric drive system. Considering the nonlinear characteristics of the inverter, the nonsinusoidal distribution of the air-gap magnetic field, the cogging [...] Read more.
The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration of the motor is a major factor that deteriorates the noise, vibration, and hardness (NVH) performance of a vehicle’s electric drive system. Considering the nonlinear characteristics of the inverter, the nonsinusoidal distribution of the air-gap magnetic field, the cogging torque, and the current measurement error, a mathematical model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle was established, and its dynamic and electromagnetic vibration characteristics under different speed–load conditions were simulated and analyzed. The results show that the nonlinear characteristics of the inverter and nonsinusoidal distribution of the air-gap magnetic field cause the odd current harmonics, such as the 5th, 7th, 11th, and 13th, which lead to the 6th and its integer multiple order fluctuations of the electromagnetic torque. Moreover, the vibration amplitude is intensified under the coupling action of the nonlinear characteristics of the inverter and the nonsinusoidal distribution of the air-gap magnetic field. The current measurement error produces the 1st and 2nd harmonics of the d- and q-axes currents, which result in the 1st and 2nd order fluctuations of the electromagnetic torque. The cogging torque mainly leads to a 12th order torque ripple of the electromagnetic torque. In addition, the non-ideal factors cause a sharp deterioration in the system vibration state under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. This study provides a theoretical reference for the mathematical modeling and electromagnetic vibration research of permanent magnet synchronous motors, considering non-ideal factors comprehensively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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20 pages, 7092 KiB  
Article
A Stator Slot Wedge Loosening Offline Detection System Based on an Intelligent Maintenance Robot of a Large Hydro Generator
by Xiaoping Xie, Can Li, Xuewei Li and Weidong Chen
Machines 2022, 10(8), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10080655 - 05 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2696
Abstract
Hydropower is at the backbone of low-carbon clean energy, while large hydroelectric generators play a key role in hydropower systems. In this paper, the tightness detection of stator trough wedges in the offline state of large hydroelectric generators is mainly studied. The offline [...] Read more.
Hydropower is at the backbone of low-carbon clean energy, while large hydroelectric generators play a key role in hydropower systems. In this paper, the tightness detection of stator trough wedges in the offline state of large hydroelectric generators is mainly studied. The offline state means that the generator stops running but does not need to move the stator and rotor. The traditional detection of generator stator wedges has problems, such as long maintenance intervals and low work efficiency. According to the structural characteristics of the generator, a generator maintenance robot device based on the track mechanism is designed. The device can simultaneously visualize the internal of the generator and detect the tightness of the stator slot wedge, effectively improving the maintenance efficiency. According to the electromagnetic magnitude of the stator rod in the alternating magnetic field, different stator slot wedge models are built for tightening, slightly tightening and loosening. For the conventional slot wedge loosen detection, there is a problem that the characteristic parameter is single, and the state of the slot wedge cannot be fully fed back. In this paper, a method for extracting the Linear Prediction Cepstrum Coefficient (LPCC) and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) of percussion sound signal is proposed, and the tightness recognition of the stator slot wedge is realized by combining the BP neural network algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively identify stator slot wedges in different states. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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18 pages, 5732 KiB  
Article
Active Control of Torsional Vibration during Mode Switching of Hybrid Powertrain Based on Adaptive Model Reference
by Xing Chen, Dan Peng, Wei Wu, Hui Liu and Xunjia Zheng
Machines 2022, 10(8), 647; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10080647 - 04 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1822
Abstract
When the energy management and coordinated control of the hybrid electric vehicle power system are not proper, torsional vibration problems will occur in various working states, especially in the mode switching process. These vibrations will affect the comfort, economy and emission of vehicles. [...] Read more.
When the energy management and coordinated control of the hybrid electric vehicle power system are not proper, torsional vibration problems will occur in various working states, especially in the mode switching process. These vibrations will affect the comfort, economy and emission of vehicles. In order to suppress the torsional vibration, this paper studied the active vibration control algorithm for the hybrid powertrains under the switching process of pure electric mode to hybrid mode. Primarily, the clutch combination process was divided into five stages and the dynamic models of the transmission system of each stage were established, respectively. Moreover, the principle of model reference adaptive control was analyzed. The applicability of the method to the torsional vibration of the driveline during mode switching was described. Furthermore, the clutch free displacement phase was used as the reference model. A model reference adaptive torsional vibration controller was built based on the controlled model. Finally, the efficacy of this active method for vibration reduction was simulated. The simulation results show that torsional vibration is most likely to occur in the speed coordination stage and the full participation stage. In these two stages, the designed controller can reduce the fluctuation of motor speed by 93.2% and 97.5%, respectively, the engine speed by 79.6% and 77.4%, respectively, the motor acceleration by 96.7% and 82.3%, respectively, and the engine acceleration by 88.9% and 82.3%, respectively. In addition, the controller can reduce the impact degree of the transmission system to within ±1 m/s3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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21 pages, 5943 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Simulation and Experimental Study of Electric Vehicle Motor-Gear System Based on State Space Method
by Zhan Cao, Yong Chen, Guangxin Li, Libin Zang, Dong Wang, Zizhen Qiu and Guangyan Wei
Machines 2022, 10(7), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10070589 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1590
Abstract
In the research on electric vehicle transmission vibration characteristics, the dynamic model involving a multistage gear system is still rare, especially the influences of driving motor excitation and load excitation which are not considered, and which makes the gear system research deviate from [...] Read more.
In the research on electric vehicle transmission vibration characteristics, the dynamic model involving a multistage gear system is still rare, especially the influences of driving motor excitation and load excitation which are not considered, and which makes the gear system research deviate from the actual situation. In addition, the changing processes of variables are usually simplified or neglected in the study of gear systems, which is not conducive in revealing the mechanism of gear dynamic behavior. In this paper, an improved dynamic model of a motor-gear system is established. The influences of driving motor excitation and load excitation are included, and the changing processes of tangential, axial, and torsional vibration variables of driving gear and driven gear are obtained using the state space method. Furthermore, the transmission housing vibration responses are investigated. By comparing the simulation results with the measurement data, the improved dynamic model, as well as the state space solution method, are verified as reliable and universal. On this basis, the influence of motor excitation on the state change of the gear system is discussed, which provides a theoretical approach for further study of motor drive gear systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noise and Vibration Control in Dynamic Systems)
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