Future Trends in Advanced Design of Electrical Machines, Drives and Electric Vehicles Using Additive Manufacturing Approaches

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Manufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 July 2023) | Viewed by 10688

Special Issue Editors


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CISE—Electromechatronic Systems Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, P - 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: diagnosis and fault tolerance of electrical machines, power electronics and drives
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Department of Electrical Machines and Apparatus, Riga Technical University, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
Interests: electromagnetic design and analysis of electrical machines; development of thermal management system of electrical machines for traction application purposes
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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Power and Mechatronic, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
Interests: permanent magnet machine design; wind turbines; Additive Manufacturing Approach
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Guest Editor
Rivian Automotive Inc., Carson, CA 90746, USA
Interests: electrical machines and drives; additive manufacturing approach

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrical machines were invented more than 200 years ago, and their fundamental design procedures have been developed over decades and are still evolving. The conventional manufacturing techniques of electrical machines have already reached their desired level, and it seems that there is less possibility to do research and development on these techniques. As a result, new design methods and manufacturing techniques are required to provide outstanding and profound impacts on electrical machines’ evaluation process. In other words, advanced modern techniques allow the electrical machines’ manufacturers to design novel electrical machines with whatever complex shapes, structures, and advanced materials by implementing the modern computational electromagnetic, thermal, and material approaches. The demands for clean energy technologies for different applications, for instance, wind power, electric vehicles, and electric powertrains, are rising rapidly. The demand metrics are mainly concentrated on high power density, high efficiency, and lightweight electrical machines.

Therefore, the additive manufacturing approach is considered a new manufacturing technology method and is evolving dynamically in recent years. It is advancing and achieving as the key enabling technology in a wide range of applications, from medical sciences to the aerospace and automotive industries. This novel approach opens a new path to overcome the conventional manufacturing problems and challenges by providing more design freedom, new ranges of materials, and lightweight and complex geometries.

This is a call for papers for a Special Issue on "Future trends in advanced design of electrical machines, drives and electric vehicles using additive manufacturing approaches". This Special Issue will provide a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest theoretical and technological achievements and identify critical issues and challenges for future investigation in the design of electric machine drives using additive manufacturing approaches. The submitted papers are expected to raise original ideas and potential contributions to theory and practice. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following research areas:

- Iron core;

- Windings and insulations materials;

- Permanent magnets;

- Mechanical and structural parts;

- Thermal management systems;

- Integrated electrical machines and drives (IMD);

- Multi-material systems for the fully additively manufactured electrical machines.

Prof. Dr. Antonio J. Marques Cardoso
Dr. Payam Shams Ghahfarokhi
Prof. Ants Kallaste
Dr. Fan Wu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • additive manufacturing
  • electric motor
  • drive
  • design
  • thermal management
  • modeling
  • mechanical structure
  • materials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 6826 KiB  
Article
Design, Modelling and Optimization of a High Power Density Axial Flux SRM with Reduced Torque Ripple for Electric Vehicles
by Akbar Mohammadi Ajamloo, Mohamed N. Ibrahim and Peter Sergeant
Machines 2023, 11(7), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11070759 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1516
Abstract
Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) are potential candidates for use in the propulsion systems of electric vehicles. However, they suffer from low power density and high torque ripple. In this paper, a segmented rotor double-sided axial flux SRM (DSAFSRM) is chosen for detailed analysis. [...] Read more.
Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) are potential candidates for use in the propulsion systems of electric vehicles. However, they suffer from low power density and high torque ripple. In this paper, a segmented rotor double-sided axial flux SRM (DSAFSRM) is chosen for detailed analysis. A hybrid design algorithm is proposed to take the effects of iron non-linearity into account. The proposed design procedure benefits from simplicity and high accuracy at the same time. A two-step optimization procedure is presented which minimizes the torque ripple of the DSAFSRM without jeopardizing its efficiency. The torque ripple is reduced from 120% to 35% after optimization. In the two-step optimization procedure, both geometrical and switching related parameters are investigated. Moreover, a double-sided radial flux SRM is designed and compared with the proposed DSAFSRM in terms of torque ripple, average torque, efficiency and power density. The results indicate superior performance of the optimized DSAFSRM, especially in terms of average torque, which is 26% higher than the torque produced by the double-sided radial flux SRM. Full article
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16 pages, 4747 KiB  
Article
Sensitivity Analysis for Multi-Objective Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors
by Ekaterina Andriushchenko, Ants Kallaste, Mohammad Hossain Mohammadi, David A. Lowther and Hamidreza Heidari
Machines 2022, 10(7), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10070559 - 11 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2236
Abstract
The main issue of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is its noise and vibration caused by high torque ripples on the rotor’s shaft. Many methods have been developed for improving the torque characteristic of the SRM. For example, design optimization is one of [...] Read more.
The main issue of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is its noise and vibration caused by high torque ripples on the rotor’s shaft. Many methods have been developed for improving the torque characteristic of the SRM. For example, design optimization is one of the promising approaches to the noise and vibration reduction of the SRM. Particularly, topology optimization (TO) of the stator and rotor can be highly beneficial to addressing the torque ripple issue. However, the TO of the SRM appears to be computationally demanding. To overcome this issue, this study proposes a method aiming to reduce the computational complexity of the TO through the reduction of the design space. Particularly, this paper presents a sensitivity analysis of a list of unique design parameters of the SRM and their influence on the average torque of the motor and the torque ripple of the motor. By applying the sensitivity analysis, the design space of the TO could be reduced, leading to a considerable decrease in the TO computational burden. Additionally, valuable conclusions on the geometrical parameters’ influences on the SRM torque and torque ripple have been drawn. Full article
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Review

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21 pages, 6926 KiB  
Review
Utilization of Additive Manufacturing in the Thermal Design of Electrical Machines: A Review
by Martin Sarap, Ants Kallaste, Payam Shams Ghahfarokhi, Hans Tiismus and Toomas Vaimann
Machines 2022, 10(4), 251; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10040251 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5479
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a key technology for advancing many fields, including electrical machines. It offers unparalleled design freedom together with low material waste and fast prototyping, which is why it has become to focus of many researchers. For electrical machines, AM allows [...] Read more.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a key technology for advancing many fields, including electrical machines. It offers unparalleled design freedom together with low material waste and fast prototyping, which is why it has become to focus of many researchers. For electrical machines, AM allows the production of designs with optimized mechanical, electromagnetic and thermal parameters. This paper attempts to give the reader an overview of the existing research and thermal solutions which have been realized with the use of AM. These include novel heat sink and heat exchanger designs, solutions for cooling the machine windings directly, and additively manufactured hollow windings. Some solutions such as heat pipes, which have been produced with AM but not used to cool electrical machines, are also discussed, as these are used in conventional designs and will certainly be used for additively manufactured electrical machines in the future. Full article
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