Sustainable Lubrication in Machining

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Friction and Tribology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 3291

Special Issue Editors

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Duzce University, Düzce 81620, Turkey
Interests: machining; sustainable manufacturing; cryogenic treatment; optimization
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Delhi 110036, India
Interests: machining; MQL; advanced machining; TiNi-based shape memory
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70200, Turkey
Interests: machining; sustainable manufacturing; cryogenic treatment; optimization
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Department of Machinery and Metal Technologies, Duzce University, Düzce 81850, Turkey
Interests: machining; cryogenic treatment; cryogenic machining; sustainable manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, with the increase in effective use of natural resources and social sensitivity, the use and importance of concepts of environmental awareness and sustainability are also increasing. Since the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) first presented a definition for sustainable development, the number of engineering studies on the subject has continued to increase worldwide. Sustainability is about protecting natural resources from overuse and abuse in the name of efficiency and competitiveness by production and service organizations. Sustainable manufacturing practices are significant environmental initiatives taken by manufacturing industries to preserve the environment and improve the quality of human life while performing manufacturing activities. Six interacting elements are recognized as the basis of sustainable manufacturing: energy consumption, processing costs, environmental friendliness, operational safety, personnel health, and waste reduction.

Global industry trends are advocating for processing to be environmentally friendly and acceptable for sustainable production. In this regard, strategies for reducing cutting fluid consumption are widely discussed in the literature as a very interesting and challenging research topic. Numerous effective strategies have been proposed as alternatives to the use of cutting fluid. Cutting fluids involve high costs in machining processes while harming the environment and human health. There have been some efforts to use sustainable cutting fluids based on vegetable oils, such as sesame, coconut, sunflower, and palm oils. For these reasons, different lubrication and cooling techniques have been developed in recent years in order to reduce the use of cutting fluids and improve the workability of materials in environmentally friendly conditions. Some of these modern techniques are: minimum amount of lubrication (MQL), minimum amount of cryogenic lubrication (MQCL), and high-pressure cooling (HPC).

In this Special Issue, we are especially interested in publishing articles on sustainable lubrication in machining. Additionally, we welcome the submission of review articles describing the current state of related technology. Potential topics to be include the following:

  1. Lubrication;
  2. Machining (surface integrity, tool life, cutting force, cutting temperature);
  3. Sustainable manufacturing;
  4. Green manufacturing;
  5. Sustainable optimization;
  6. Alternative cooling techniques;
  7. Cutting fluids;
  8. Cryogenic machining and cryogenic treatment;
  9. Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL);
  10. Nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids;
  11. Nanoparticles and hybrid nanoparticles;
  12. Superalloys, hard-to-machine materials, tool steels, heat-resistant materials;
  13. Optimization techniques (machine learning, Taguchi analyses, response surface methods, regression, etc.);
  14. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and finite element modelling (FEM).

Dr. Fuat Kara
Dr. Hargovind Soni
Prof. Dr. Uğur Köklü
Dr. Onur Özbek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 4754 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Machining: MQL Technique Combined with the Vortex Tube Cooling When Turning Martensitic Stainless Steel X20Cr13
by Graciela Šterpin Valić, Tihana Kostadin, Goran Cukor and Marko Fabić
Machines 2023, 11(3), 336; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11030336 - 01 Mar 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1261
Abstract
For the purpose of contributing to sustainable machining, the aim was to investigate the turning of martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13 under alternative cooling and lubrication techniques. The minimum quantity lubrication technique in combination with the vortex tube cooling, as the determined optimal cooling [...] Read more.
For the purpose of contributing to sustainable machining, the aim was to investigate the turning of martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13 under alternative cooling and lubrication techniques. The minimum quantity lubrication technique in combination with the vortex tube cooling, as the determined optimal cooling method using the Taguchi-based entropy weighted grey relational analysis (compared to emulsion and minimum quantity lubrication technique) in previous research when turning martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13, were applied in this research in accordance with the Box–Behnken design. The aim is to investigate, when applying the optimal cooling condition (minimum quantity lubrication + vortex) with the Box–Behnken design, which parameters have a significant influence on reducing the surface roughness parameters Ra and Rz and also on the tool life (T). The cutting speed (vc = 260, 290 and 320 m/min), feed rate (f = 0.3, 0.35 and 0.4 mm/rev) and depth of cut (ap = 1, 1.5 and 2 mm) were selected as cutting parameters. An exponential model for Ra, Rz and T was obtained. According to the ANOVA results, it can be seen that only the feed rate had a significant influence on Ra and Rz. For tool life, according to the ANOVA results, it can be seen that all three parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut) have significant influence on the tool life (T). Experimental results were compared with the results of the exponential mathematical model and presented in diagrams. A new nozzle was designed for this research to allow micro-droplets from the MQL unit and chilled compressed air from the vortex tube to be connected in one stream (single-channel system) before entering the cutting zone, thus allowing for simultaneous lubrication and cooling. For the used vortex tube system with an air flow of 708 L/min and the inlet air pressure of 0.69 MPa, a temperature drop of −29 °C can be achieved in regard to the inlet air temperature of 21 °C. Therefore, the minimum quantity lubrication technique with vortex tube cooling can be recommended for turning of martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Lubrication in Machining)
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20 pages, 5757 KiB  
Article
Optimization of EDM Machinability of Hastelloy C22 Super Alloys
by Engin Nas and Fuat Kara
Machines 2022, 10(12), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10121131 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 1346
Abstract
In this study, machinability tests were carried out on a corrosion-resistant superalloy subjected to shallow (SCT) and deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) via electrical discharge machining (EDM), and the effect of the cryogenic treatment types applied to the material on the EDM processing performance [...] Read more.
In this study, machinability tests were carried out on a corrosion-resistant superalloy subjected to shallow (SCT) and deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) via electrical discharge machining (EDM), and the effect of the cryogenic treatment types applied to the material on the EDM processing performance was investigated. Experimental parameters, including pulse-on time (300, 400 and 500 μs), peak current (A) (6 and 10 A) and material types (untreated and treated with SCT and DCT), were used to construct the full factorial experimental design. The resulting average surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR) results were optimized using the Taguchi L18 method. According to the Taguchi-based gray relational analysis, the optimal parameters for both Ra and MRR were determined as cryogenic treatment, pulse-on time and peak current, respectively. The response table obtained using the Taguchi method showed the most effective factors as A1BlC3 for Ra and A2B2C1 for MRR values. According to the ANOVA results for determining parameters affecting performance, peak current was the most effective factor for average surface roughness and MRR, at 74.79% and 86.43%, respectively. When examined in terms of Taguchi-gray relational degrees, the optimal parameters for both Ra and MRR were observed in the experiment performed with the SCT sample at a peak current of 6 A and 300 μs pulse-on time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Lubrication in Machining)
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