Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 9359

Special Issue Editors

Department of Engineering, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
Interests: tribology; biotribology; EHL; lubrication; wear; hip and knee joint replacements; numerical simulation
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: elastohydrodynamic lubrication; liquid film lubrication; lubricating greases
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
Interests: biotribology; artificial joints; finite element modelling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Numerical simulations in tribology, such as lubrication and wear models, are powerful tools to predict the performance of a product in its actual life-cycle conditions and improve the product design. They have gained increasing interest for a wide range of applications, from general industrial engineering to the human body, such as human joint replacements, dental implants and contact lenses. Advanced methods have also been developed, including in-house programming and commercial CFD/FEA simulations. Despite the great achievements in this field, challenges still remain regarding the fundamental theory, methodology and mechanisms, particularly when addressing more complicated and realistic conditions.

The aim of this Special Issue is to compile cutting-edge research from world-leading scientists working in the fields of tribology and biotribology, covering a wide range of topics from theories to various applications, with respect to the areas that the keywords specify.

Dr. Leiming Gao
Prof. Dr. Feng Guo
Prof. Dr. Zhongmin Jin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lubrication, friction and wear modelling
  • EHL simulations
  • mixed lubrication theory
  • rheology simulations
  • CFD
  • FEA
  • prostheses and implant modelling
  • dental tribology
  • ocular tribology
  • skin tribology
  • tribo-corrosion modelling
  • surface and interfaces
  • bio-inspired materials, surfaces and lubricants

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 13965 KiB  
Article
Numerical Calculation Method of Multi-Lip Seal Wear under Mixed Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication
by Donghong Cheng, Lichen Gu, Yu Sun and Yuan Shi
Lubricants 2023, 11(6), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11060248 - 06 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1225
Abstract
The multi-lip combined seal has the advantages of multi-lip coupling, large supporting force, and can withstand high-pressure shocks. It is an irreplaceable structure for single-lip seals. However, most of the seal wear analysis focuses on the simulation method of the single-lip seal under [...] Read more.
The multi-lip combined seal has the advantages of multi-lip coupling, large supporting force, and can withstand high-pressure shocks. It is an irreplaceable structure for single-lip seals. However, most of the seal wear analysis focuses on the simulation method of the single-lip seal under the influence of macro factors, and very little involves the wear characteristics of multi-lip seals. In this paper, a micro numerical method is established, which combines the elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory with the modified Archard equation. The performance of a multi-lip combined seal under different working conditions is analyzed through simulation, including macro and micro factors. It is found that some of the characteristics of single-lip seals are also reflected in multi-lip seals, and there is a critical speed that makes the sealing behavior of each seal lip different. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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21 pages, 13491 KiB  
Article
On the Use of Advanced Friction Models for the Simulation of an Industrial Stamping Process including the Analysis of Material and Lubricant Fluctuations
by Laura Muñiz, Javier Trinidad, Eduardo Garcia, Ivan Peinado, Nicolas Montes and Lander Galdos
Lubricants 2023, 11(5), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050193 - 27 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1458
Abstract
The use of numerical simulations for tool tryout and process control is becoming increasingly prevalent. In this work, the deep drawing process of a car inner door panel of DC06 mild steel is numerically analyzed and compared with industrial process results. Five batches [...] Read more.
The use of numerical simulations for tool tryout and process control is becoming increasingly prevalent. In this work, the deep drawing process of a car inner door panel of DC06 mild steel is numerically analyzed and compared with industrial process results. Five batches of DC06 material were analyzed mechanically and tribologically. Diverse tribological models were developed based on experimental strip drawing tests, where a Coefficient of Friction (CoF) was obtained as a function of contact pressure, sliding velocity, and amount of lubricant. A topography analysis was defined to compare material batches and to replicate industrial tool conditions. The simulation was fed with three tribological models: constant (CoF 0.15), Filzek pressure and velocity dependent, and TriboForm with lubrication zones. Thinning, Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) and draw-in were used as indicators for the comparison. Using the industrial tool, both FLD and draw-in were measured and compared with the numerical models. The constant model predicted the most conservative strain state and also differed most from the experimental results. The P-v-dependent and TriboForm models more accurately predicted the experimental results. This work highlights the importance of considering more complex tribological models to feed numerical simulations to yield results closer to real process conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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14 pages, 4406 KiB  
Article
Tribological and Morphological Study of AISI 316L Stainless Steel during Turning under Different Lubrication Conditions
by C. P. Natesh, Y. M. Shashidhara, H. J. Amarendra, Raviraj Shetty, S. R. Harisha, P. Vishal Shenoy, Madhukara Nayak, Adithya Hegde, Dikshith Shetty and Utsav Umesh
Lubricants 2023, 11(2), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11020052 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1254
Abstract
Due to growing environmental concerns and economical and social problems in manufacturing sectors, there is a huge demand for the substitution of existing cutting fluids. Further, the cutting fluids selected are expected to reduce the cutting force, improve the surface roughness and also [...] Read more.
Due to growing environmental concerns and economical and social problems in manufacturing sectors, there is a huge demand for the substitution of existing cutting fluids. Further, the cutting fluids selected are expected to reduce the cutting force, improve the surface roughness and also minimize the tool wear during machining operations. Hence, this paper discusses the tribological and morphological behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel while turning under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) such as oil–water emulsion, mineral oil, simarouba oil, pongam oil and neem oil based on Taguchi L25 orthogonal array. From the extensive experimentation, it was observed that neem oil MQL with cutting speed of (140, 140, 60 m/min), feed of (0.30, 0.20, 0.10 mm/rev) and depth of cut of (1.0, 1.0, 1.0 mm) resulted in the lowest surface roughness (0.36 µm),cutting force (235.34 N) and tool wear (100.32 microns), respectively. Further, main effects plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA)can be successfully used to identify the optimum process input parameters and their percentage of contribution (P%) on the output parameters during turning of AISI 316L steel under MQL applications. The results clearly indicate that from both an ecological and economical standpoint, neem oil is the most effective lubricant in reducing cutting forces, tool wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 316L stainless steel under MQL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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17 pages, 3636 KiB  
Article
Influence of Friction on the Formability of Fe-Zn-Coated IF Steels for Car Body Parts
by Emil Evin and Miroslav Tomáš
Lubricants 2022, 10(11), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10110297 - 04 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1380
Abstract
This paper presents the formability results of galvanized Zn-Fe-based interstitial-free (IF) “galvanneal” steel sheets with different degrees of alloying. The Fe content of the Zn-Fe coatings was determined by titration method and the phase composition of the coatings was determined by raster electron [...] Read more.
This paper presents the formability results of galvanized Zn-Fe-based interstitial-free (IF) “galvanneal” steel sheets with different degrees of alloying. The Fe content of the Zn-Fe coatings was determined by titration method and the phase composition of the coatings was determined by raster electron microscopy with EDX analyzer. A deterioration of the adhesion of the Fe-Zn coating to the substrate was observed in the pre-alloyed coating. The applied modes of annealing and smooth rolling after the surface galvanization resulted in a change in the surface microgeometry parameters Ra and Pc. The suitability of the surface microgeometry of the used Zn-Fe-coated sheets was assessed using control diagrams and the capability indexes Cpk with respect to the defined specifications. The coefficient of friction was determined by dry friction cup test, and using Anticorit lubricant and microtene film as lubricants. With increasing Fe content in the coating, a slight increase in friction coefficient values was observed—a slight deterioration in formability. The results obtained indicate that for car body surface parts, the Fe content of the Zn-Fe coating should range from 7% to 12%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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16 pages, 5051 KiB  
Article
Identification and Validation of Linear Friction Models Using ANOVA and Stepwise Regression
by Patrick Strobl, Elias Schermer, Daniel Groetsch, Lukas Pointner-Gabriel, Katharina Voelkel, Hermann Pflaum and Karsten Stahl
Lubricants 2022, 10(11), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10110286 - 29 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1485
Abstract
For wet disk clutches, the energy input is strongly influenced by its friction behavior. However, the friction behavior cannot be simulated and therefore is mostly derived from experimental data for specific clutch systems. This paper presents a new approach for the identification and [...] Read more.
For wet disk clutches, the energy input is strongly influenced by its friction behavior. However, the friction behavior cannot be simulated and therefore is mostly derived from experimental data for specific clutch systems. This paper presents a new approach for the identification and validation of linear friction models using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and stepwise regression. Therefore, we use experimental data of three different friction systems with paper- and carbon-based friction lining. The designed experiments support an efficient parameter-based analysis of the friction behavior. The obtained models can be used as an input for thermal simulations, for example, but can also support a better understanding of the main influencing factors and are applicable to various friction systems. For validation, the obtained models are applied to measured data. A good correspondence between the simulated and measured friction behavior can be shown for speeds in the investigated operating range. The presented procedure can be easily adapted, for different factors and operation modes, as well as other applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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25 pages, 4243 KiB  
Article
Lubrication Modelling of Artificial Joint Replacements: Current Status and Future Challenges
by Leiming Gao, Xianjiu Lu, Xiaogang Zhang, Qingen Meng and Zhongmin Jin
Lubricants 2022, 10(10), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100238 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1617
Abstract
This paper reviews the recent advancements in computational modelling of the lubrication of hip and knee joint replacements, especially those concerning Professor Duncan Dowson’s contribution. The review starts with the development of modelling the five key parameters that appeared in the pioneered Hamrock–Dowson [...] Read more.
This paper reviews the recent advancements in computational modelling of the lubrication of hip and knee joint replacements, especially those concerning Professor Duncan Dowson’s contribution. The review starts with the development of modelling the five key parameters that appeared in the pioneered Hamrock–Dowson formula. Then, the theory and approaches for the mixed lubrication in which the artificial hip and knee joint replacements operate are reviewed. We also discuss the current challenges in modelling the lubrication behaviour of joint replacements and how these challenges could be addressed in future studies. These challenges include the mixed lubrication theory, the numerical complexities due to complicated realistic geometry, material and rheology, and individual physiological diversities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling in Tribology and Biotribology)
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